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151.
王英林 《上海交通大学学报(英文版)》2016,21(6):692-701
Nowadays, software requirements are still mainly analyzed manually, which has many drawbacks (such as a large amount of labor consumption, inefficiency, and even inaccuracy of the results). The problems are even worse in domain analysis scenarios because a large number of requirements from many users need to be analyzed. In this sense, automatic analysis of software requirements can bring benefits to software companies. For this purpose, we proposed an approach to automatically analyze software requirement specifications (SRSs) and extract the semantic information. In this approach, a machine learning and ontology based semantic role labeling (SRL) method was used. First of all, some common verbs were calculated from SRS documents in the E-commerce domain, and then semantic frames were designed for those verbs. Based on the frames, sentences from SRSs were selected and labeled manually, and the labeled sentences were used as training examples in the machine learning stage. Besides the training examples labeled with semantic roles, external ontology knowledge was used to relieve the data sparsity problem and obtain reliable results. Based on the SemCor and WordNet corpus, the senses of nouns and verbs were identified in a sequential manner through the K-nearest neighbor approach. Then the senses of the verbs were used to identify the frame types. After that, we trained the SRL labeling classifier with the maximum entropy method, in which we added some new features based on word sense, such as the hypernyms and hyponyms of the word senses in the ontology. Experimental results show that this new approach for automatic functional requirements analysis is effective. 相似文献
152.
This paper examines the location choice associated with discretionary activities (in-home vs. out-of-home). These substitution
patterns are important in terms of travel demand as in-home activities do not necessitate travel while out-of-home activities
incur travel. Mixed logit models are estimated using an activity dataset (2003 CHASE data) to analyze the factors associated
with this choice at the individual activity-level. Results suggest that the attributes of an activity significantly contribute
to understanding the likelihood of engaging in out-of-home activities. Activity type interaction terms reveal the varying
influence that socio-demographics, activity attributes and travel have over four different activity types modeled. The results
reveal that the location choice (in-home vs. out-of-home) is sensitive to travel characteristics. As the travel time and cost
increases, an individual is less likely to engage in an activity out-of-home. Compared to passive and social activities, the
location of active activities is more sensitive to changes in travel attributes. 相似文献
153.
In recent years, private sectors are encouraged to take an active part in franchising of urban infrastructure investments and operations, which promotes the rapid development of public-private partnership (PPP) in infrastructure and public service supply. Value for money (VFM) assessment has been officially proposed to provide a reference for selection of projects planning to adopt PPP. Based on the bottlenecks of VFM application in China and the uncertainties for urban infrastructure PPP projects, a discounted cash flow (DCF) model is established for VFM of infrastructure PPP projects. Then, a Monte Carlo simulation model is established on the basis of uncertainty factors for VFM. Through the analysis of Huai’an trams PPP project, coping strategies of uncertainties for VFM are put forward. Findings of the research may propel the establishment of a complete VFM evaluation system for PPP projects. Key instructional functions of VFM during the process of decision-making can be brought into full play and PPP may develop orderly. 相似文献
154.
考虑双向流固耦合并利用软件ANSYS CFX模拟了圆柱表面涡脱的产生和变化过程,结合工程实际给出了计算实例,采用有限体积法对流体力学控制方程Navier-Stokes进行离散,用SIMPLE方法求解,分析计算了圆柱表面周向压力系数分布情况及圆柱的阻力系数、升力系数及Strouhal数,得到了流体与结构物相互作用对圆柱绕流特性的影响。结果表明:由于圆柱受到水流的作用,圆柱的升力及尾流特征显示周期性变化,并出现单一频率振动。 相似文献
155.
Sandwich plate systems (SPS) are advanced materials that have begun to receive extensive attention in naval architecture and
ocean engineering. At present, according to the rules of classification societies, a mixture of shell and solid elements are
required to simulate an SPS. Based on the principle of stiffness decomposition, a new numerical simulation method for shell
elements was proposed. In accordance with the principle of stiffness decomposition, the total stiffness can be decomposed
into the bending stiffness and shear stiffness. Displacement and stress response related to bending stiffness was calculated
with the laminated shell element. Displacement and stress response due to shear was calculated by use of a computational code
write by FORTRAN language. Then the total displacement and stress response for the SPS was obtained by adding together these
two parts of total displacement and stress. Finally, a rectangular SPS plate and a double-bottom structure were used for a
simulation. The results show that the deflection simulated by the elements proposed in the paper is larger than the same simulated
by solid elements and the analytical solution according to Hoff theory and approximate to the same simulated by the mixture
of shell-solid elements, and the stress simulated by the elements proposed in the paper is approximate to the other simulating
methods. So compared with calculations based on a mixture of shell and solid elements, the numerical simulation method given
in the paper is more efficient and easier to do. 相似文献
156.
As an army main battle equipment, it is required that the tank should have high firing accuracy and high first round hit probability during marching. The initial disturbance of the projectile is the premier factor that takes effect on the marching fire accuracy of the tank. And the marching fire accuracy of the tank depends on the launch dynamics behaviors of the tank. In this paper, the launch dynamics theory of a tank marching fire is studied, and its launch dynamics model is established. Based on the transfer matrix method for multibody system(MSTMM) and the automatic deduction theorem of overall transfer equations, the overall transfer equation and the overall transfer matrix of a tank multibody system are deduced; the launch dynamics equations of the tank marching fire are deduced, and the dynamic response of the tank system, the motion of projectile in barrel, the initial disturbance of the projectile and the vertical target dispersion are exactly simulated; meanwhile, the results of simulation are verified by tests. This work provides both theoretical foundation and simulation approaches for improving the marching fire accuracy of the tank. 相似文献
157.
The purpose of remote sensing images fusion is to produce a fused image that contains more clear, accurate and comprehensive
information than any single image. A novel fusion method is proposed in this paper based on nonsubsampled contourlet transform
(NSCT) and region segmentation. Firstly, the multispectral image is transformed to intensity-hue-saturation (IHS) system.
Secondly, the panchromatic image and the component intensity of the multispectral image are decomposed by NSCT. Then the NSCT
coefficients of high and low frequency subbands are fused by different rules, respectively. For the high frequency subbands,
the fusion rules are also unalike in the smooth and edge regions. The two regions are segregated in the panchromatic image,
and the segmentation is based on particle swarm optimization. Finally, the fusion image can be obtained by performing inverse
NSCT and inverse IHS transform. The experimental results are evaluated by both subjective and objective criteria. It is shown
that the proposed method can obtain superior results to others. 相似文献
158.
159.
160.
Jungyong Wang Ayhan Akinturk Neil Bose Stephen J. Jones Yun Young Song Ho Hwan Chun Moon Chan Kim 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2008,13(3):244-255
The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of a model azimuthing podded propulsor in ice-covered water.
Model tests were carried out with two different depths of cut into the ice (15 and 35 mm), two different ice conditions (presawn
and pack ice conditions), and four different azimuthing angles. The depth of cut is the maximum penetration depth of the propeller
blade into the ice block. The 0.3-m-diameter model propeller was operated in a continuous ice milling condition. Ice loads
were measured by several sensors which were installed in various positions on the model. Six one-axis pancake-style load cells
on the top of the model measured the global loads and two six-component dynamometers were installed on the shaft to measure
the shaft loads. One six-component dynamometer was attached to the one of the propeller blades inside the hub to measure the
blade loads. The pod unit and propeller performance in ice are presented. Ice-related loads, which were obtained when the
blade was inside the ice block, are introduced and discussed. During the propeller–ice interaction, a blade can experience
the path generated by the previous blade, which is called the shadowing effect. The effects of shadowing, depth of cut, azimuthing
angle, and advance coefficient on propulsor performance are presented and discussed. 相似文献