16V280ZJ柴油机铌铸铁气缸套工艺

分析了280气缸套生产中产生废品的主要原因,通过增大冒口模数,使用强75硅铁,配合使用钢砂作冷铁,严格工艺操作,获得了A型石墨和细片状珠光体,从而消除了缩松、气孔、夹砂、夹渣等铸造缺陷,提高了铸件合格率。     

203型整铸辙叉结构设计及其强度校核

根据203型整铸辙叉结构设计及其整铸成一体的特点,采用有限元软件建立计算模型,分4种工况21个载荷作用点分别进行强度分析,为整铸辙叉的合理设计及结构强化提供理论依据.结果表明:该整铸辙叉心轨与翼轨过渡区通过增设横向筋板进行加强后,各部位强度合格,满足使用要求.     

地铁直流牵引供电系统杂散电流分析

从离散模型出发,利用有限元分析法对地铁直流牵引供电系统的接触电压及杂散电流进行了分析.分析结果表明,结构钢电阻率对接触电压和杂散电流影响不大,而钢轨电阻率、过渡电阻、机车电流以及供电区间长度等参数均对接触电压和杂散电流有明显影响.地铁杂散电流防护工程中,关键在于前期对源头的控制,如加强轨道对结构钢的绝缘,合理设计结构钢筋的截面积等.地铁建成后,应重视杂散电流的监测与防护的功能.即"注重维护,加强监测"的防治原则.     

Lane assignment problem using a genetic algorithm in the Automated Highway Systems

This paper deals with the lane assignment problem in the Automated Highway Systems (AHS). The purpose of lane assignment strategies is to increase throughput on multi-lane highways with many entry and exit points, based on the itineraries of vehicles using the highway (point of entry, time of entry and exit point) and the effects of maneuvers. Using partitioned lane assignment strategies, the lane assignment problem is formulated as an optimization problem to find the proper positions of partitions. Then the optimal problem is solved using a Genetic Algorithm (GA). The proposed algorithm has been validated by comparing its solution with that of an all-cases algorithm for a simple case. Moreover, a traffic simulator with a realistic car-following model as well as lane change logic has been developed. The simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed genetic algorithm, compared with random assignment algorithms.     

基于层次结构的物流标准化实践分析

物流标准化的建设与实施是一项系统工程。根据我国物流学科发展和物流工程实践，建议可以从物流产业、物流行业和物流企业3个层次出发，建立基于层次结构的物流标准化实践方法。物流标准化实践最终是为物流企业管理服务的。因此物流企业可从集装单元化选择、物流模数尺寸应用等角度加强物流标准化工作实施，同时注重物流标准化协调供应链物流管理流程，并满足物流客户的个性化需求。     

A spatially explicit ecosystem model of seston depletion in dense mussel culture

A fully-coupled biological–physical–chemical model of a coastal ecosystem was constructed to examine the impact of suspended mussel culture on phytoplankton biomass in Tracadie Bay, Prince Edward Island, Canada. Due to the extent of mussel culture there, we hypothesised that shellfish filtration would control the concentration and distribution of phytoplankton and other suspended particles in the bay. Circulation was delineated with a tidally-driven 2D numerical model and used to drive an ecosystem model with a focus on pelagic components including phytoplankton production, nutrients, detritus, and mussels. The benthos were treated as a sink. Nutrients and seston were forced by tidal exchange and river input, with phytoplankton additionally forced by light. Boundary conditions of seston and nutrients were derived from field studies with an emphasis on the contrast between spring (high river nutrients, low temperature) and summer (low river inputs and high temperatures). Model output was used to map phytoplankton carbon over the bay for each season and in the presence of mussels and river nutrient input. Results indicate severe depletion effects of mussel culture on overall phytoplankton biomass, but no spatial pattern that can be attributed to grazing alone. Primary production generated by nutrient-rich river water created a mid-bay spike in phytoplankton that dominated the spatial pattern of chlorophyll-based carbon. Model results were validated with surveys from a towed sensor array (Acrobat) that confirmed the river influence and indicated bay-wide depletion of 29% between high and low water. Our model results indicate that the farm-scale depletion emphasised in previous studies cannot simply be extrapolated to seston limitation at the ecosystem level.     

Research on confirmation of basic technological parameters of tension levellers based on neural network and genetic algorithm

Confirmation of basic technological parameters of tension levellers is the most important factor of leveling strip. Up to now, most factories have used experts' experience to decide these parameters, without any established rule to follow. For better quality of strip, a valid method is needed to decide technological parameters precisely and reasonably. In this paper, a method is used based on neural network and genetic algorithm. Neural network has a good ability to extract rules from work process of tension levellers. Then using neural network, which has learned from a lot of working samples, to be the evaluation of fitness, genetic algorithm could easily find the best or better technological parameters. At the end of this paper, examinations are given to show the effect of this method.     

Effects of household structure and selected travel characteristics on trip chaining

This paper analyzes trip chaining, focusing on how households organize non-work travel. A trip chaining typology is developed using household survey data from Portland, Oregon. Households are organized according to demographic structure, allowing analysis of trip chaining differences among household types. A logit model of the propensity to link non-work trips to the work commute is estimated. A more general model of household allocation of non-work travel among three alternative chain types — work commutes, multi-stop non-work journeys, and unlinked trips — is also developed and estimated. Empirical results indicate that the likelihood of linking work and non-work travel, and the more general organization of non-work travel, varies with respect to household structure and other factors which previous studies have found to be important. The effects of two congestion indicators on trip chaining were mixed: workers who commuted in peak periods were found to have lower propensity to form work/non-work chains, while a more general congestion indicator had no effect on the allocation of non-work trips among alternative chains.     

Inverse Heat Conduction and Data-Type Issues for Advanced Diagnostic Analysis

IlitroductlonNormallytemperaturemeasurementsareusedinaninverseheatconductionanalysis.lnarecelltinverseheatconductioninvestigation[ll,twodatatypes(temperatureandheating/coolingrate)weecomparedforthepurposeofinvestigatingtheireffectonpredictingthesurfaceheatfltixattheprojectedsurface.Itwasillustrated,vianumericalexample,thatthechoiceofinputdatainnuencesbOththeaccurasyandstabilityattheprojectedsurface.Thatis,thepredictionnotonlydePendsonthetemperaturedatabutimplicitlyitsillterpretedheating/cooli…     

Energy Dissipation Due to Vehicle/Track Interaction

The effects of track irregularities and wheel profile on the amount of energy dissipated in railroad freight vehicles is examined. A nonlinear computational model is used to determine the average dissipation in the vehicle suspension and the wheel/rail contact patches. This dissipation is a component of the total resistance force acting on the vehicle. Parametric results are presented showing the effects of track geometry, wheel profile, suspension design, and hunting on train resistance. Track geometry studies consider the effects of track quality and curving. The AAR 1:20 wheel profile and the Heumann wheel profile are compared under various operating conditions. Compared with the Heumann profile, the AAR 1:20 profile is shown to have lower average resistance on good quality tangent track, but higher average resistance in steady curves. A trade-off exists between the two profiles when dynamic curve entry is considered.