国外天文导航技术发展综述

叙述了国外天文导航技术的发展现状及其趋势,包括基于“高度差法”的两星定位技术、基于星图识别的多星矢量定位技术、自主光学水平基准技术、天文射电定位技术等,并概述了天文导航技术未来的研究方向.     

考虑浅水影响的航速测量不确定度分析

受实船试航水域水深的影响,对于深吃水的大型船舶航速测量结果必须采用适当的方法进行航速的浅水修正.本文采用GUM测量不确定度分析方法,以某大型油轮为例,对考虑浅水影响的航速测量进行了不确定度分析.     

城市排污小断面特长隧道施工技术

城市排污小断面特长隧道,因其断面小、长度大给施工带来很大困难。采用适宜的施工技术和方法,能够有效保证施工并取得较好的技术经济效果。文章结合工程实例,重点介绍了此类隧道施工的通风、爆破、超前支护、围岩监控量测等技术。     

上海轨道交通11号线北段车辆乘客信息系统设计

文章主要介绍了上海轨道交通11号线北段车辆乘客信息系统的主要构成,并简述了该系统的技术特点及工作原理。     

Investigation on evaluation of yaw stability for medium commercial vehicles

This paper proposes test scenarios for evaluation of yaw stability for medium commercial vehicles. Maneuvering, speed, longitudinal tire force, tire-road friction coefficient, road slope, and load condition are considerable factors that have effect on the medium commercial vehicle yaw stability. After conducting an analysis on these six factors, effective test scenarios were developed. A sine with dwell test is well known as a test scenario for evaluation of performance of electronic stability control (ESC) on passenger vehicles and heavy commercial vehicles. The SWD test was modified considering medium commercial vehicle dynamics, and the ramp steer maneuver with maximum acceleration test was proposed. Simulation validation has been conducted using field test data. From simulation study, it was shown that the ESC system for medium commercial vehicle is effectively evaluated by the proposed test scenarios.     

Development of algorithms for commercial vehicle mass and road grade estimation

Estimation algorithms for road slope angle and vehicle mass are presented for commercial vehicles. It is well known that vehicle weight and road grade significantly affect the longitudinal motion of a commercial vehicle. However, it is very difficult to measure the weight and road slope angle in real time because of lack of sensor technology. In addition, the total weight of a commercial vehicles varies depending on the freight. In this study, the road grade and vehicle mass estimation algorithms are proposed using the RLS (Recursive Least Square) method and only the in-vehicle sensors. The proposed algorithms are verified in experiments using a commercial vehicle under various conditions.     

关于盾构机和衬砌环的定位测量

盾构机的空间定位用三度直角坐标和三度姿态角,拼装式衬砌环的定位用三度直角坐标加两度"侧超前"和横滚角.证明衬砌环的姿态偏差(侧超前)是引发常用平端面衬砌环隧道出现连续错台的直接原因.定义了"超前"、"错台"的概念,导出它们的数量关系.为提高装配式隧道的质量,减少环缝的连续错台,更要并杜绝衬砌环的净空侵限,首先要控制盾构机在推进时的位置和姿态偏差,同时也要控制衬砌环拼装时的位置和姿态偏差.给出一套控制定位偏差的限量体系,供工程项目试用.     

城市轨道交通曲线钢轨短波不平顺分析

城市轨道交通钢轨轨面短波不平顺是激发线路沿线振动和噪声的主要原因.通过对上海城市轨道交通某线钢轨轨面不平顺的连续布点跟踪测量,借鉴欧洲铁路在研究轮轨噪声时制定的轨面粗糙度水平标准和钢轨打磨、铣磨作业标准,用统计分析、1/3倍频和滑动平均法,分析轨面短波不平顺的时、频域组成特性以及轨面不平顺的发展规律.分析了钢轨轨面不平...     

铁路站场照明节能灯具的创新设计

针对目前铁路站场照明没有专用灯具,站场、站台普遍采用普通路灯,技术经济性差的现象,采用模拟配光,并进行照度计算,完成铁路站场照明节能灯具的研制。该节能灯具有效减少了灯具在铁路特定环境的最大光损,克服了常用道路照明灯具因采用蝙蝠翼配光的不足,使照度、均匀度和效率大幅提高,光色均匀、柔和,照明效果理想,并可节约成本,降低工程造价,经济社会效益显著。     

高强度泵送大体积混凝土桥墩温控技术探讨

本文以江苏宿淮高速公路京杭运河特大桥主墩施工为背帚,对高强度大体积泵送混凝土施工技术方案进行了研究．并对监控结果进行了分析。实践证明,采取降低混凝土绝热温升、“内散外保”以及“双掺”技术和测温监控相结合的技术方案是经济可行的。