南京地铁车辆合成闸瓦技术方案探讨

分析了国内外铁路车辆应用的合成闸瓦技术,并对地铁车辆使用的合成闸瓦特点进行探讨.提出研究聚合物基复合摩阻材料的地铁车辆合成闸瓦初步技术方案,重点解决适用于地铁车辆制动工况的关键技术,包括耐热高聚物的改性和应用研究、增强材料的应用研究和设计材料结构与性能,并对合成闸瓦的生产工艺进行初步探讨.     

航海英语教学的现状与改进策略

针对中国现阶段船员队伍中远洋船员英语能力的现状,分析航海英语的特点和教学要求,指出现阶段航海类专业英语教学中存在的问题,说明传统英语教学模式已经不能适应现代航海的需要,并对如何改进中国高等学校航海类专业英语教学工作提出可行的方法与措施,以期培养出高素质的、适应现代航海需要的高级船员。     

Mechanism of Tunnel Water Inflow Caused by Bending Failure of a Waterproof Dike Based on a Circular Thin Plate Mechanical Model北大核心CSCD

Water bursts during tunnel construction endanger construction, and it is therefore necessary to reserve a waterproof dike with the required thickness to avoid water bursts and to take reinforcement of the dike and treatment of the structure liable to trigger a water burst. Using the water burst at K5+398 of the Mingyueshan tunnel of the Shanghai-Chengdu expressway as an example, and considering the type of tunnel section and the upright mudstone of the dike, the waterproof dike at the work face is simplified as a round thin plate. A formula for the calculation of a minimum safety thickness for the critical waterproof dike is deduced by analyzing the force applied on the water-proof dike, and the minimum safety thickness for the water burst section at K5+398 of the Mingyueshan tunnel is cal-culated. The numerical simulation analysis demonstrates the critical thickness of waterproof dike at K5+398 of the Mingyueshan tunnel is 1.4-1.55 m, and the calculated water inflow and water burst basically agree with the actual condition. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Experimental Study on Mechanical Behaviors of Prefabricated Column-Base Joint with Grouted Sleeves Connecting Longitudinal Reinforcements in Tunnels北大核心CSCD

In recent years, large shield tunnels with internal double-decked lanes have been developing rapidly in the field of highway tunnels, and prefabricated elements are increasingly adopted in internal structure. Based on the columns-base joint in Zhuguanglu tunnel, which is under construction, 2 full-scale specimens are designed for the quasi-static test, one specimen is connected with grout sleeve splicing and the other is cast in place. The test results show that: the bearing capacity of specimen with grout sleeve splicing is equal to that of cast-in-situ specimen, but its ductility and energy dissipation capacity are worse than that of the cast-in-situ specimen. And for the specimen with grout sleeve splicing, there exists crack concentration on the area above the sleeve. The crack width is too larger in this area. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

“工厂法”沉管隧道早期性能的足尺试验研究

由于沉管隧道管段体积大、结构形式复杂、施工工艺复杂,容易因温度、收缩以及约束等原因,造成管段结构在预制阶段出现危害性裂缝,进而影响结构的服役性能和耐久性能。文章依托在建港珠澳大桥沉管隧道工程实例,开展了足尺试验,对"工厂法"沉管管节关键部位的温度和应变发展实施了监测,分析对比了温度发展规律和应变发展规律。分析结果表明:在早期因混凝土水化热引起温度上升,整个管段结构膨胀受拉,温度到达峰值后逐渐下降,结构也收缩恢复;但由于混凝土自收缩等因素的存在,结构最终收缩受压。研究所提供的试验结果可作为深入进行数值分析的一个基础。     

公路隧道双洞互补式通风适用性分析

为研究公路隧道双洞互补式通风的适用性,文章基于隧址海拔和温度、隧道长度和纵坡、隧道交通量和交通组成、隧道双洞间距等因素对互补式通风负荷比及通风效果的影响进行计算分析。研究结果表明:当隧道上下行通风负荷比大于1.5或隧道单向纵坡绝对值在1.5%~2.0%之间时,适宜采用互补式通风;隧道长度在4.5~6 km之间时,采用双洞互补式通风最经济实用;交通量和交通组成的影响关系显示隧道大型车混入率在35%~50%之间时宜考虑采用互补式通风;双洞隧道适合采用互补式通风的最小间距为30 m。     

汽车电动助力转向与主动悬架系统的集成控制

针对基于横向和垂向动理学的电动助力转向（EPS）与主动悬架（ASS）集成系统,设计了一种基于干扰抑制指标的控制策略。首先根据控制目标,选择相应的加权函数,建立增广被控对象矩阵,将鲁棒性能控制问题转化为标准的控制问题;然后在Matlab环境下进行了仿真计算。仿真结果表明,该集成控制方法是有效的,能够使汽车转向行驶时的整车综合性能得到提高。     

基于欧雷准则的某纯电动车悬架刚度优化匹配研究

在车型开发前期对悬架系统刚度、阻尼进行合理的优化匹配,不仅能缩短整车开发周期,同时还能提升整车性能,基于欧雷准则,以车辆二自由度模型为基础研究了前、后悬架刚度优化匹配的方法,并在某电动车动力学性能开发前期得以应用,通过实车试验与优化结果对比充分验证了该方法具有一定的工程应用价值,且能够大大缩短样车开发周期。     

Decisions on truck parking place and time on expressways: an analysis using digital tachograph data

With the objective of deriving useful insights into measures against traffic congestion at service areas (SAs) and parking areas (PAs) on expressways and ensuring efficient use of SAs/PAs, this study investigated the decisions on where a truck is parked (i.e., choice of an SA or a PA), how long it is parked (i.e., parking time), and their influential factors. To this end, this study used the trajectory data of 1600 trucks recorded in 6-min intervals by in-vehicle digital tachographs on the Sanyo and Chugoku Expressways in Japan from October 2013 to March 2014. First, the aspect of repeated choice of each truck (i.e., habitual behavior) toward a specific SA/PA was clarified. Next, a multilevel discrete–continuous model (Type II Tobit model) was developed to reveal the factors affecting the above decisions. The modeling results confirmed the existence of habitual behavior and showed that trucks were more likely to be parked a longer time at an SA/PA when it is closer to the destination. It appears that truck drivers may adjust their time at the SA/PA close to the destination to comply with the arrival time, which is often predetermined by the owner of the transported goods. Furthermore, the availability of restaurants and shops, and the number of parking spaces available for trucks and trailers are important determinants of parking time, whereas the existence of a convenience store is important to the choice of the SA/PA. Parking experience has an extremely strong positive effect on the parking choice and use. Moreover, increasing the number of parking lots may induce its longer use.

     

可拓理论在高等级公路隧道围岩分级中的应用研究

根据可拓理论在解决不相容问题及不确定问题等方面的突出特点,文章对其进行了适当的改进,得出高等级公路隧道围岩分级系统可拓评价体系,并应用于广东省惠深高速公路牛湖山隧道的围岩质量评价当中.且通过与灰色关联分析方法、专家经验方法等评价结果相比较,证明了高速公路隧道围岩分级系统可拓评价体系的科学性、合理性和经济性.