粘滞阻尼器和Lock-up装置在连续梁桥抗震中应用

近年来,我国逐渐在一些桥梁结构中使用了可提高结构抗震性能的减隔震装置,如隔震支座、阻尼器(地震响应校正装置)等。对应用较广的粘滞阻尼器和Lock-up装置的工作机理进行了介绍,对其在连续梁桥抗震中的应用进行了研究,通过实际桥例探讨了两种装置对连续梁桥抗震性能改进的有效性,并对其实用的局限性也进行了分析。研究的结果可供桥梁工程设计人员和科研人员参考。     

INVESTIGATION ON FRACTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WORN SURFACES OF POLYMER TAPES BY SAND DUST PARTICLES

Objective To characterize the abrasive wear of polymer tapes in ATM （Auto Teller Machine） servicing in sand dust environment. Aethods The abrasive wear experiment of polymer tapes, PEN （polyethylene-2, 6-naphthalenedicarboxylate） and PI （polyimide）, by sand dust particles is performed in ATM tribosystem. The fractal characteristics of the worn surface of polymer tapes and the corresponding wear mechanisms are examined. ReSults As main results, the worn surfaces of polymer tapes show bi-fractal characteristics, and PI tape shows higher fractal dimensions and finer wear profiles than PEN tape. Wear mechanism examination shows macro and micro ploughing and cutting grooves and micro fracture characters, which gives reasonable explanation of bi-fractal character of worn polymer tapes. Conclusion Worn polymer tape shows fractal character and bi-fractal can be used in accurately characterizing the abrasive wear of polymer tapes of ATM in sand dust environment.     

沪宁高速公路扩建工程软土地基处理和路基拼接技术研究

为减小路基拼接在新老路基间产生的差异沉降,从减小路堤荷载出发,研究了EPS轻质路堤填料在拼接工程中的应用;在加固地基方面针对传统地基处理方法处理深厚软基的缺陷,将PTC管桩应用于高速公路的拼接工程,设计中应按不同土质条件和工况采用不同的沉降分析计算方法,利用沉降观测资料反演分析所获得的地基参数可使计算获得较高的精度,文中推导的能反映地基层状性质和三维变形特征的带帽疏桩复合地基的桩、土应力比等计算公式,桩长、桩径、桩间距、桩帽尺寸及垫层厚度的优化设计方法,经实践证明具有较好的工程适用性。工程实践表明,采用EPS和带帽PTC疏桩处理地基拼接工程满足设计要求,处理效果明显。     

桥头搭板受力特性及适应性

运用MARC软件, 通过研编用户子程序模拟车辆的移动荷载, 应用迭代接触算法Contact和单元生死技术模拟搭板与填土之间接触和脱空的不同受力状态, 并基于均匀沉降和不均匀沉降两种地基模式, 考虑搭板受力和变形的耦合, 分析了搭板的受力特性和适应性。当脱空长度在1.08 m范围内时, 板底弯拉应力值与完全弹性支承时相等, 但随着脱空长度的继续增大而显著增大, 完全脱空时板底弯拉应力与简支板相等, 板底最大弯拉应力的荷载作用位置在桥台与1/2板长之间。搭板对地基沉降的适应性表现为: 长度6 m的搭板适用于处理地基沉降在3 cm以内的桥头路段; 8 m长度的搭板适用于处理地基沉降在4 cm以内的桥头路段, 而10 m搭板适用于处理地基沉降在5 cm以内的桥头路段。     

柴油机机体瞬态动力学的有限元分析

机体是柴油机的骨架,工作过程中承受多种载荷的作用.利用PROE软件建立了柴油机机体的三维实体模型,通过网格划分软件MSC.GSMESHER对模型进行了网格划分,采用有限元软件MSC.NASTRAN对考虑气体压力、轴承力、活塞敲击等各种主要激励的机体进行了瞬态响应分析.通过与试验值的比较验证了计算的准确性.     

Effects of Heat Intensity and Inflow Wind on the Reactive Pollution Dispersion in Urban Street Canyon

This paper investigates the impacts of heating intensity and inflow wind speed on the characteristics of reactive pollutant dispersion in street canyons using the computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model that includes the transportation of NO, NO₂, and O₃ coupled with NO-NO₂-O₃ photochemistry. The results indicated that the heat intensity and inflow wind speed have a significant influence on the flow field, temperature field and the characteristics of reactive pollutant dispersion in and above the street canyon. With the street canyon bottom heating intensity increasing, NO, NO₂ and O₃ concentrations in street canyon are decreased. The O₃ concentration reductions are even more than the NO and NO₂ concentrations. Improving the inflow wind speed can significantly reduce the NO and NO₂ concentrations within street canyons. But the O₃ concentrations have a slight rise with wind speed increasing. The results would be useful for understanding the interrelation among reactive vehicle emissions, and provide references for urban planners.     

Calculation of strain amplification matrix for strain invariant failure theory based on representative volume element models with periodical boundary condition

Strain invariant failure theory (SIFT) is a micro-mechanics-based failure theory for multi-scale failure analysis of composite materials originally proposed by Gosse and Christensen. In this paper, the approach for obtaining strain amplification matrix which is a key step for the execution of SIFT is improved by adopting representative volume element (RVE) finite element models considering periodical boundary condition, based on which more actual deformation mode is reflected. The deformation modes and strain data at the characteristic points of the centroid cell of multi-cell RVE model are analyzed and taken as a reference. It can be concluded that more reasonable deformation mode and relationship between the micro-mechanical and macro-mechanical strain states are obtained by employing the new model. Finally, numerical examples are provided to illustrate the determination of strain amplification factors within the RVEs considering periodical boundary condition at the characteristic points.     

遗传算法在逆向物流网络规划设计中的应用

考虑到客户、初始回收点和回收中心3个层次的逆向物流网络,选择合适的回收中心,确定初始回收点个数和回收周期,基于一些基本假设,以最小化总的相关成本建立了1个内嵌两个指派模型的非线性混合整数规划模型,对符号体系和求解思路进行了分析.借助遗传算法,结合具体实例,给出了求解步骤和求解结果分析.     

基于SLP和生产物流的F公司车间设施布局改善

一个良好的设施布置设计可以使物料搬运的成本降低,使人员走动的距离缩短,从而使运作效率提高。运用SLP技术,对F公司CG片生产车间布局进行分析改善。首先,对该车间的生产流程和物流量进行分析,发现存在物料重复搬运、线路迂回、物流作业流程复杂等问题。然后,运用物流关系和作业单位相互关系图,经过尽可能小的调整,在能适应产品生产、工艺、流程等方面的情况下,降低物料搬运成本,求得合理的布置,从而使生产物流运作顺畅,达到提高整个生产系统经济效益最优的目的。最后,以物料搬运成本和厂房租金为评价指标,说明新布局的优越性。     

宜昌港口物流发展SWOT分析与对策

作为长江航运干线上的重要港口宜昌港,其特殊的地理位置与战略地位受到广泛关注。分析了在国家相关战略以及现代物流发展的大背景下,宜昌港口物流发展的优势、劣势、机会、威胁,在此基础上,从6个方面提出发展对策。