全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1339篇 |
免费 | 26篇 |
专业分类
公路运输 | 505篇 |
综合类 | 63篇 |
水路运输 | 378篇 |
铁路运输 | 39篇 |
综合运输 | 380篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 5篇 |
2022年 | 17篇 |
2021年 | 16篇 |
2020年 | 12篇 |
2019年 | 10篇 |
2018年 | 40篇 |
2017年 | 33篇 |
2016年 | 69篇 |
2015年 | 18篇 |
2014年 | 62篇 |
2013年 | 210篇 |
2012年 | 71篇 |
2011年 | 76篇 |
2010年 | 80篇 |
2009年 | 75篇 |
2008年 | 72篇 |
2007年 | 40篇 |
2006年 | 27篇 |
2005年 | 45篇 |
2004年 | 26篇 |
2003年 | 18篇 |
2002年 | 19篇 |
2001年 | 23篇 |
2000年 | 18篇 |
1999年 | 17篇 |
1998年 | 12篇 |
1997年 | 12篇 |
1996年 | 17篇 |
1995年 | 29篇 |
1994年 | 12篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 9篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 11篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 13篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 10篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 9篇 |
1974年 | 8篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1972年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有1365条查询结果,搜索用时 406 毫秒
731.
Global optimization method for mixed transportation network design problem: A mixed-integer linear programming approach 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Paramet Luathep Agachai Sumalee William H.K. LamZhi-Chun Li Hong K. Lo 《Transportation Research Part B: Methodological》2011,45(5):808-827
This paper proposes a global optimization algorithm for solving a mixed (continuous/discrete) transportation network design problem (MNDP), which is generally expressed as a mathematical programming with equilibrium constraint (MPEC). The upper level of the MNDP aims to optimize the network performance via both expansion of existing links and addition of new candidate links, whereas the lower level is a traditional Wardrop user equilibrium (UE) problem. In this paper, we first formulate the UE condition as a variational inequality (VI) problem, which is defined from a finite number of extreme points of a link-flow feasible region. The MNDP is approximated as a piecewise-linear programming (P-LP) problem, which is then transformed into a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem. A global optimization algorithm based on a cutting constraint method is developed for solving the MILP problem. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method and to compare the results with alternative algorithms reported in the literature. 相似文献
732.
John K. Stanley David A. Hensher 《Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice》2011,45(10):1020-1030
Transport is Australia’s third largest and second fastest growing source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The road transport sector makes up 88% of total transport emissions and the projected emissions increase from 1990 to 2020 is 64%. Achieving prospective emission reduction targets will pose major challenges for the road transport sector. This paper investigates two targets for reducing Australian road transport greenhouse gas emissions, and what they might mean for the sector: emissions in 2020 being 20% below 2000 levels; and emissions in 2050 being 80% below 2000 levels. Six ways in which emissions might be reduced to achieve these targets are considered. The analysis suggests that major behavioural and technological changes will be required to deliver significant emission reductions, with very substantial reductions in vehicle emission intensity being absolutely vital to making major inroads in road transport GHG emissions. 相似文献
733.
The paper reports the results of a series of studies conducted to enable the London Planning Advisory Committee to provide advice on strategic transport policy for London. The analytical approach combined the use of an area-based, multi-modal strategic model (LAM) and professional judgment. The performance of LAM as a basis for providing rapid advice on complex issues in transport policy is assessed.The resulting policy advice advocated a coherent approach, involving new infrastructure, particularly for rail; improved management of the road and public transport networks; the use of subsidy to enhance public transport service levels; and road user charges to reduce the impact of private vehicles on congestion and the environment. Road user charges emerged as the pivotal issue in the policy; the paper discusses their role, and the questions which still need to be resolved before they can be implemented.The main message of the study is that no one element of transport policy can tackle London's problems alone; an integrated policy in which infrastructure provision, management and pricing are used to complement one another is shown to be far more effective. 相似文献
734.
T. Morita T. Matsukawa 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》1995,24(4):401-412
A study on effective use of rear braking force to improve a brake performance and vehicle dynamics are carried out. On a ordinary condition, the rear braking force could be more increased to a conventional braking force distribution. Based on this thought, the brake performances are estimated. The results show the effects not only improve the brake performance but also reduce a pitching at braking and moderate a vehicle OS behavior in a turn during braking. These are verified by experimental test vehicle equipped with a rear braking force control system. 相似文献
735.
Wayne K. Talley 《Maritime Policy and Management》1994,21(1):61-76
The earlier port pricing literature argued that port prices should be based uponk marginal cost pricing. However, recent literature suggests that a conflicts would arise between marginal cost pricing and full cost recovery at ports. Further, problems arise in determining or estimating marginal costs. A price structure that addresses the problems of port marginal cost pricing is cost axiomatic pricing, given the goals, objectives and constraints of ports. Fairness and cost efficiency cost axioms for ports are considered. A methodology for determining cost axiomatic prices for a marine container terminal is presented. 相似文献
736.
王渤洪 《变流技术与电力牵引》2005,(3):23-29,52
ICE(R)列车制动管理的重点是:由司机室中完全相同的操作接口统一控制列车制动的重要功能,并协调功率特性全然不同的制动力资源.对工业部门和铁路部门的研制者提出的苛刻要求是,3种完全可调的制动系统(包括在ICE列车上首次批量使用的线性涡流制动)在所有工作点上以及故障情况时能达到最佳利用制动能量且磨损最小. 相似文献
737.
C. Marsh T.J. Gordon Q.H. Wu 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》1995,24(8):597-616
This study considers a new design methodology in the context of active vehicle suspension control. The approach combines concepts from Stochastic Optimal Control with those of Learning Automata. A learning automaton effectively learns optimal control on-line in the vehicle, in an appropriate stochastic “test-track” environment. For practical application, the overwhelming advantage of this approach is that no explicit modelling is required, and considerable time savings may be expected in system development. This simulation study considers the on-line learning of optimal control in a low-bandwidth active suspension system, where control feedback is confined to a body-mounted accelerometer at each corner of the vehicle. It is shown that learning can successfully take place under a range of conditions, including the case when there is substantial transducer noise. The performance of the resulting control system is shown to depend heavily on the nature of the learning environment. 相似文献
738.
CD_4~(+)EFFECTORCELLSDEFAULTTOTHETH2PATHWAYININTERFERONγ-DEFICIENTMICEINFECTEDWITH LEISHMANIA MAJORWangZhi'en;StevenL.Reiner,Z... 相似文献
739.
The task of transport planning is to determine cost-effective methods of providing and improving mobility, which can include minimizing traffic congestion. A cost-effective solution to transport problems should consist of a land use pattern, a transport system an a set of road pricing policies that together bring demand and supply into balance in an efficient and equitable way. The conventional approach aimed to produce comprehensive, long-term plans for land use and transport in considerable detail, but tended to ignore the role of road pricing policy, thus ending up with solutions that might not be efficient or economical. This feature of sub-optimal road pricing policy is accentuated by the overall growth in car use, which has generated problems with the efficient use of road space. This paper presents a computer analysis system (or model) which will enable the analysis of coordinated tunnel toll pricing policies by optimising an “objective function” while satisfying the associated and other constraints. The possibility of integrating the optimal road pricing policies in the land use and transport planning are discussed. A case study based on Hong Kong data demonstrates the efficiency of optimizing tolls on two of the three harbour crossing tunnels in Hong Kong. 相似文献
740.
永久磁铁励磁的牵引电动机 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
T.Klockow 《变流技术与电力牵引》2003,(4):37-39,44
极对数多的永磁牵引电动机使不用传动齿轮箱的电传动成为可能.与用传动齿轮箱的相比,它重量轻,且效率高.文章简要介绍永磁同步电机和永磁横向磁通电机,以及它们在试验台上的成功试验. 相似文献