陡坡急弯路段混凝土路面设计方法研究

对陡坡急弯的范围进行相关研究分析,然后探讨陡坡急弯下的临界荷位,在此基础上分析陡坡急弯路段和普通路段的差异,并针对差异提出陡坡急弯混凝土路面板的设计方法。     

基于ANSYS的小半径陡坡路段混凝土面板受力分析

山区农村公路具有半径小、纵坡大的特点,如何避免山区农村公路水泥混凝土路面提前破坏,确保其达到设计使用寿命,减少养护维修费用,已成为目前山区农村公路水泥混凝土路面修建面临的重要课题。采用三维动态有限元,分析计算小半径与陡坡组合路段路面板底最大拉应力、最大剪应力,并与直线路段和平坡路段下的相应状态进行比较,得到陡坡急弯路段路面力学响应的特点。     

基于Gaussian-支持向量回归机的高速公路短时交通量预测

针对高速公路短时交通量的实时性、波动性和非线性的特点,将支持向量回归机(SVR)应用于高速公路短时交通量预测,并采用Gaussian损失函数来代替ε-不敏感损失函数,对原始序列进行降噪处理,为了更好的优选SVR模型参数,采用遗传算法(GA)进行参数优选,建立了基于GA优化的GA-Gaussian-SVR高速公路短时交通量预测模型,将本路段前几个时段交通量、天气因素和出行日期作为影响因素输入,结合实例进行了仿真预测.结果表明该方法可有效应用于高速公路短时交通量预测.     

差异中的同一:中美文化价值观比较——基于一项对美国民众的大型国际调研

个人主义与集体主义是描述中关文化价值观差异的一对核心概念.通过运用8个涉及中国传统文化价值观的问题测量,发现多数美国民众把国家、家庭、父母放在优先于个人的位置,同时他们对以“集体主义”为核心的中国传统文化价值观给予了较高认同.由此证明个人主义并不是衡量和描述美国人文化价值观的唯一指针,而在国家公共外交中,如何抓住中美两国文化的“相似性”,“求同存异”是新时期中国国家形象国际传播的有效之路.     

SD大鼠Atoh1基因CDS区的克隆及序列分析

目的利用基因工程方法克隆SD大鼠Atoh1 cDNA编码序列并测定分析其克隆序列。方法采用非对称互补引物/模板法,制备Atoh1 cDNA的编码序列,将其克隆入PMD-19T载体中并测序。结果经酶切鉴定、测序分析表明,扩增得到的大鼠Atoh1基因CDS区全长为1 056 bp,编码351个氨基酸;测定序列与GenBank中公布的参考序列对比,有2处碱基发生突变,但克隆序列编码的氨基酸序列与参考序列完全一致。这两处碱基应为单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点,突变为无义突变,不影响蛋白的表达。结论成功克隆了Atoh1 cDNA编码序列,为进一步对感音神经性耳聋的基因治疗奠定了基础。     

美军轮式和履带式装备铁路制式加固器材

介绍了美军几种常用的轮式和履带式装备铁路制式加固器材--轮挡、拉牵绳的种类、结构组成、使用方法以及在运输工具上采取的技术措施.为研究分析美军铁路运输加固器材奠定了基础,也为我军铁路制式加固器材的研发和应用提供了参考.     

桩承式路堤中填土破坏模式研究

为了研究桩承式路堤中填土的破坏模式,采用有限元方法对不同桩间距、填土高度和摩擦角进行了参数敏感性分析.根据计算得到的屈服区和增量等效塑性应变结果,分析了不同情况下填土的破坏机理.结果显示:对于填土高度与桩间距之比H/s≤1的低路堤,填土中的破坏面为通过桩边缘的竖直面;对于H/s≥1.2的高路堤的情况,最终填土中将发展出...     

Predictions of porpoising inception for planing vessels

The inception of porpoising is theoretically predicted for planing vessels. Two different approaches are presented. First, a linear stability analysis is applied to find the porpoising limits while the hydrodynamic coefficients, i.e. added mass and damping coefficients, are determined by either a simplified method or a numerical method. Another approach is to seek the porpoising limits by performing nonlinear time domain simulations. Either the simplified method or the numerical method is used in the simulations. In the numerical method, a 2D+t theory together with a boundary element method is employed. The trim angle limits for porpoising are determined by changing the longitudinal position of the centre of gravity (COG) of the vessel and keeping the forward speed constant. The predicted porpoising limits are compared with Day and Haag’s (Planing boat porpoising, Thesis, Webb Institute of Naval Architecture, 1952) experimental results. The influences of parameters such as the load coefficient, the vertical position of COG and the radius of gyration of the ship are investigated by varying those parameters in the linear stability analysis. In the nonlinear time-domain simulations, by trying different longitudinal position of COG, one can find the critical trim angle when the porpoising commences. The obtained trim limits agree generally with those predicted by the linear stability analysis. Bounded oscillations for the unstable cases near the critical trim angle can be seen in the time-domain simulations due to the nonlinear effects.     

Quantitative assessment of hydrocarbon explosion and fire risks in offshore installations

A risk-based design framework should involve both risk assessment and risk management. This article introduces and describes a number of procedures for the quantitative assessment and management of fire and gas explosion risks in offshore installations. These procedures were developed in a joint industry project on the explosion and fire engineering of floating, production, storage and off-loading units (the EFEF JIP), which was led by the authors. The present article reports partial results, focussing on defining the frequency of fires and explosions in offshore installations. Examples of the aforementioned procedures’ application to a hypothetical floating, production, storage, and off-loading unit (FPSO) are presented. A framework for the quantitative risk assessment of fires and explosions requires the definition of both the frequency and consequences of such events. These procedures can be efficiently applied in offshore development projects, and the application includes the assessment of design explosion and fire loads as well as the quantification of effects of risk control options (RCO) such as platform layout, location and number of gas detectors, isolation of ignition sources etc.     

基于CFD技术的散货船线型优化研究

随着CFD技术的逐渐成熟,该技术已被应用于线型母型的选取和线型优化等设计流程中。依托"计算流体力学的实用化研究"项目,以17.5万dwt散货船为研究对象,应用CFD软件和优化软件来改进该船的阻力性能及伴流场。选取船体艏部三个特征参数和艉部两个特征参数作为优化变量并针对每个改型进行数值模拟,并将该船原型及艏、艉部分别优化所得线型进行模型试验,试验结果与数值研究方法的结论一致。