二广高速公路连怀段路面车辙的防治措施与效果

由于交通量的增长及超载、重载车辆的增加,导致路面车辙已经成为沥青路面破坏的主要形式之一。在参考国内外文献的基础上,对沥青路面车辙形成原因进行了分析,并结合实际工程,从路面结构、原材料选择、配合比设计、施工质量控制等方面介绍了防治沥青路面车辙的措施。     

Modelling,simulation and applications of longitudinal train dynamics

ABSTRACT

Significant developments in longitudinal train simulation and an overview of the approaches to train models and modelling vehicle force inputs are firstly presented. The most important modelling task, that of the wagon connection, consisting of energy absorption devices such as draft gears and buffers, draw gear stiffness, coupler slack and structural stiffness is then presented. Detailed attention is given to the modelling approaches for friction wedge damped and polymer draft gears. A significant issue in longitudinal train dynamics is the modelling and calculation of the input forces – the co-dimensional problem. The need to push traction performances higher has led to research and improvement in the accuracy of traction modelling which is discussed. A co-simulation method that combines longitudinal train simulation, locomotive traction control and locomotive vehicle dynamics is presented. The modelling of other forces, braking propulsion resistance, curve drag and grade forces are also discussed. As extensions to conventional longitudinal train dynamics, lateral forces and coupler impacts are examined in regards to interaction with wagon lateral and vertical dynamics. Various applications of longitudinal train dynamics are then presented. As an alternative to the tradition single wagon mass approach to longitudinal train dynamics, an example incorporating fully detailed wagon dynamics is presented for a crash analysis problem. Further applications of starting traction, air braking, distributed power, energy analysis and tippler operation are also presented.     

柴油机活塞销孔型线对比分析研究

针对某柴油机活塞销孔的磨损问题,分别借助有限元方法和EHD仿真方法研究了不同销座结构匹配多种销孔型线对接触应力的影响,及不同活塞销孔型线对润滑特征评价参数的影响。综合研究表明,活塞销孔型线与热变形匹配不合理所引起的润滑状态恶化是导致活塞销孔磨损的直接原因,因此通过合理调整销孔型线可使接触应力均匀,润滑状态良好,并有效降低活塞销座磨损风险。     

基于宜兴市居民出行特征的客运交通发展对策研究

居民出行调查是城市交通规划、建设和管理的基本依据．本文根据宜兴市2002年居民出行调查的有关数据,对人均出行次数、平均出行时耗、出行方式构成、出行目的和出行时间分布等进行了分析,并在此基础上,结合宜兴市交通现状及城市总体规划,从优先发展公共交通、重视自行车交通、控制摩托丰发展、加强交通管制、强化市场机制、加强企业管理和政府扶持相结合以及颁布公交行业服务标准等方面,提出了宜兴市客运交通发展的几点对策．     

城市灯控平面交叉口的自行车交通设计研究

城市灯控平面交叉口混合交通流安全和效率的核心研究对象应该是自行车与机动车交通流间的相互影响。本丈在大量的理论分析和实践的基础上,探讨时空分离法的自行车交通设计的基本原则和交通空间设计方法,即自行车右转弯专用车道设计、左转自行车二次过街以及自行车与行人过街一体化设计,并进行了南京市太平北路与珠江路交叉口的应用实例分析。本文的城市灯控平面交叉口自行车的交通设计方法可为解决城市灯控平面交叉口混合交通问题提供借鉴。     

Effects of rosiglitazone on rabbit atherosclerosis

We sought to validate magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) for documenting the effects of rosiglitazone on rabbit atherosclerosis and the possible mechanism by treatment on the lesions.24 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into normal group, control group and treatment group.After 4 weeks, all rabbits underwent MRI.After examination, the number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs) and level of lipid, glucose, nitric oxide(NO) and superoxide anion(O-2·) were measured.MRI demonstrated the regression of atherosclerotic lesions by rosiglitazone which has good correlation with histopathology.Treatment not only increased the level of EPCs and NO, but also raised the ability of inhibition of O2-·.MRI is a promising noninvasive technology to detect the effects of therapeutic interventions.Rosiglitazone slows the progression of atherosclerosis that may in part attribute to its improvement of mobilization of EPCs and the reduced oxidative stress.     

遗传算法在沥青混凝土路面评价体系中的应用

路面评价体系需要考虑到诸多因素,而且实现方法不一而足。从统计学角度出发,将投影追踪模型应用到该领域,以投影寻踪模型作为理论方法,通过遗传算法来实现模型求解。实例描述了该方法应用的关键步骤,并指出对于数据量充分、影响因素明确的准真系统,采用投影寻踪模型进行方案决策更具有客观性。     

城市交通公平性分析及对策

城市道路的交通公平性有利于建设和谐、公平的城市,在交通公平的定义以及它的三层含义的基础上,陈述了交通公平在时间、空间和内容上的内涵。分析城市道路交通公平的影响因素及其判断标准,阐述了快速公交符合城市道路交通公平的判断标准是它有利于大多数人的出行,满足弱势群体的出行要求,并应具有低成本、高质量的优点。最后,以北京市BRT的实践表明快速公交是提高城市交通公平性的有效措施。     

英国职业教育特色与启示

文章介绍了中英职业教育合作项目的背景与进展,研究了英国当前的职业教育状况,分析了先进的教育经验．并对合作项目下的汽修课程体系改革作出了规划。     

基于CFD模拟的船舶空调舱室热舒适性研究

针对船舶舱室热环境的特殊性,建立了适用的CFD计算模型,并对其进行了实验验证。在该模型的数值模拟结果基础上,以PMV-PPD热舒适性评价指标和DNV COMF-C(3)规范为依据,对船舶舱室空调气流组织进行优化。优化结果表明,相比于优化前,优化后的餐厅和会议室的热舒适性得到改善,热环境满意人数分别增加了52.7%和28.9%。结合CFD模拟和热舒适性评价分析的优化方法,在节约时间和实验成本的同时,为船舶空调系统的设计和优化提供了重要依据。