基于制动意图的电动汽车复合制动系统制动力分配策略研究

文中对制动意图的识别和不同制动意图所要求的不同的制动力分配策略进行研究.通过试验,验证了制动意图识别算法和制动力分配策略的可行性和有效性,为复合制动系统的应用奠定了基础.     

水化硅酸钙超细粉体表面湿法改性

为改善水化硅酸钙超细粉体与高分子材料基体的相容性, 采用4种改性剂对其进行表面湿法改性处理,从中优选了1种改性剂.对优选的改性剂,通过正交试验,研究改性剂用量、浆料浓度、改性温度以及改性时间对超细水化硅酸钙粉体改性的影响.试验所得最佳改性效果:活化指数从0提高到95%,吸油值由86.5 mL/100 g降到69.5 mL/100 g.红外光谱图分析显示,优选的改性剂在水化硅酸钙粉体表面产生了化学吸附,使粉体表面有机化.     

Y2O3：Eu／PVP复合纳米纤维的制备和发光性质

采用静电纺丝技术与燃烧法相结合成功的制备了Y2O3：Eu／PVP复合纳米纤维．采用扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）、X-射线衍射（XRD）和荧光光谱等研究手段,对纤维的形貌、结构和发光性质进行了表征．结果表明：随着纤维中Y2O3：Eu纳米粒子含量的增加,纤维的直径分布变得不均匀;未嵌入PVP母体纤维内部、分散在纤维表面的Y2O3：Eu的纳米粒子逐渐增多．值得注意的是,在Y2O3：Eu含量较低（例如,Y2O3：Eu／PVP=0．05％）的Y2O3：Eu／PVP复合纤维样品中,纤维表面没有独立的Y2O3：Eu纳米粒子存在．将Y2O3：Eu含量为0．05％的Y2O3：Eu／PVP纤维进行煅烧处理后,得到Y2O3：Eu纳米粒子的一维排列图案,证实此纤维样品中的Y2O3：Eu纳米粒子完全嵌入PVP纤维母体内部．另外,Y2O3：Eu／PVP复合纳米纤维与Y2O3：Eu纳米粒子的发光性质对比研究结果表明,复合纤维中的Y2O3：Eu纳米颗粒的发光性质与PVP母体密切相关．     

对城市交通规划中职住平衡理念的再思考

职住平衡一直以来被认为是提高城市空间组织效率、降低交通拥堵的重要理念和手段。从分析职住平衡的内涵出发,指出其在实际应用中的局限性。从现代城市发展历程和国内外城市实例的比较中,总结城市通勤出行发展演化的基本规律。利用当斯定律对其进行解释,推演通勤空间布局与城市功能布局之间的相互影响关系。最后,为了提高职住平衡理论的实践效果,提出在城市规划和交通规划中应注重的几个要点。     

大跨度斜拉桥多维多点随机地震激励响应分析

为研究大跨度斜拉桥地震激励下的平稳随机响应规律,以某大跨度斜拉桥为例,用ANSYS软件建立了三维有限元分析模型.考虑地震动的多维性、行波效应、部分相干效应及局部场地效应对主梁及主塔位移和内力随机响应的影响,用该模型分析了大跨度斜拉桥在多维多点地震激励下的响应.研究结果表明:相对于一致激励,大跨度斜拉桥在多维多点激励下的结构响应显著增大,主梁的纵向位移增大了约2.3倍,①号塔顶的纵向位移和塔底横向弯矩分别增大了约2.2和2.3倍;仅考虑一致地震激励不能保证大跨度斜拉桥的结构安全;考虑行波效应时斜拉桥的地震响应减小,相干效应较小可忽略,软场地条件下结构的地震响应更大.      

Fluxes of biogenic carbon in the Southern Ocean: roles of large microphagous zooplankton

The Southern Ocean is an extreme environment, where waters are permanently cold, a seasonal ice cover extends over large areas, and the solar energy available for photosynthesis is severely restricted, either by vertical mixing to considerable depths or, especially south of the Antarctic Circle, by prolonged seasonal periods of low or no irradiance. Such conditions would normally lead to low productivity and a water column dominated by recycling processes involving microbial components of pelagic communities but this does not seem to be the case in the Southern Ocean, where there is efficient export to large apex predators and deep waters. This paper investigates the role of large microphagous zooplankton (salps, krill, and some large copepods) in the partitioning of biogenic carbon among the pools of short- and long-lived organic carbon and sequestered biogenic carbon. Large microphagous zooplankton are able to ingest microbial-sized particles and thus repackage small, non-sinking particles into both metazoan biomass and large, rapidly sinking faeces. Given the wide spatio-temporal extent of microbial trophic pathways in the Southern Ocean, large zooplankton that are omnivorous or able to ingest small food particles have a competitive advantage over herbivorous zooplankton. Krill efficiently transfer carbon to a wide array of apex predators and their faecal pellets are exported to depth during occasional brief sedimentation episodes in spring time. Salps may be a significant link towards some fish (directly) and other apex predators (indirectly) and, at some locations (especially in offshore waters) and time, they may account for most of the downward flux of biogenic carbon. Large copepods are a trophic link towards fish and at least one whale species, and their grazing activity generally impedes the export of organic particles to depth. As a result, biogenic carbon is channelled mainly towards apex predators and episodically into the deep ocean. Without these original interactions, Antarctic waters might well be dominated by microbial components and recycling processes instead of active export from the generally small primary producers towards large apex predators.     

门架式转向架迫导向机构曲线通过动力学性能

为了预测安装了迫导向机构的100%ULF(tra low floor)低地板车辆的曲线通过性能,分析了门架式转向架的迫导向机构组成及其导向原理,推导了其导向参数的理论公式,建立了动力学模型,并通过计算机仿真详细分析了迫导向机构对车辆曲线通过性能的影响,对比分析了加装前后车辆的4个曲线通过性能指标.研究结果表明:加装迫导向机构后车辆的一、二位轮组轮轨横向力变化较小,脱轨系数也无明显变化,轮组冲角可以减少0.5左右,约减少60%,外轮磨耗指数减少量均超过了10 kN();在对加装迫导向机构后的车辆在不同曲线半径下的通过性能进行预测,当曲线半径大于100 m时,曲线通过性能较好,当曲线半径小于10 m时,转向架的各项曲线通过性能指标响应变得较为敏感,总体车辆在迫导向机构的作用下具有较好的小半径曲线通过性能.      

基于大数据分析的AIS虚拟航标布设技术

为了进一步改善长江下游重点航段的航标布设方案和航路航法,完善通航环境,探索一种基于大数据分析辅助船舶自动识别系统(AIS)虚拟航标布设优化的方法,并以密集港区临港侧航道、深水复合航道和主航道到港口“最后一公里”航道为例进行应用分析。结果表明,基于电子航道图,针对船舶交通流的船舶轨迹回放、碰撞危险度分析、船舶轨迹线分析、航道门线分析和船舶航标间距分析等方法能够以可视化的手段有效地找到航标布设方案的薄弱位置,为AIS虚拟航标的增设优化提供有力的数据支撑。     

双碳战略背景下的绿色交通发展路径探索———以浙江嘉善为例

为贯彻落实党中央 “把碳达峰碳中和纳入生态文明建设整体布局” 的重大战略决策, 围绕国家及省市县新一轮绿色交通发展、 双碳工作要求等, 立足嘉善发展实际, 以长三角生态绿色一体化发展示范区建设为契机, 围绕 “基础设施、 运输效能、 低碳装备、 污染防治、 绿色出行、 创新机制” 六大领域先行先试, 探索推动嘉善交通运输行业绿色发展的长效路径, 打造 “结构合理、 集约高效、 节能低碳、 环境友好” 的浙江绿色交通发展的县域示范标杆。     

Response of the Black Sea mean level to atmospheric pressure and wind forcing

The response of the Black Sea mean level to atmospheric pressure (AP) and wind forcing is investigated using 5 years of TOPEX/POSEIDON (T/P hereafter) data. A coherence analysis is first applied to mean sea level and pressure to examine the validity of the inverse barometer (IB) approximation over this area. As expected, it reveals very significant deviations from an IB response attributed to the narrowness of the Bosphorus Strait and its limiting role in water exchanges. A comparison is drawn with the Mediterranean Sea case. A single basin version of the Candela analytical model [Candela, J., 1991. The Gibraltar Strait and its role in the dynamics of the Mediterranean Sea. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans 15, 267–300], which takes linear friction at the strait into account, is then used. The model explains a significant part of the T/P mean sea level variance (about 30%, while the IB correction only explains 5% of its variance) and provides a means to correct the altimeter data for the pressure effect much better than the standard IB effect. The response of the mean sea level to wind forcing is then analysed. Coherence analysis between sea level and along-strait wind stress (WS) reveals a significant coherence at periods ranging from 40 to 100 days, with an almost steady phase of 270°. This result is confirmed with a multiple coherence analysis (mean sea level vs. WS and AP). A plausible mechanism is a piling-up of water at the northern or southern end of the strait due to along-strait wind forcing. The associated along-strait pressure gradient would modify the barotropic flow in the strait and then the mean sea level. Using an extension of the Candela model, we show that this mechanism is consistent with T/P mean sea level observations.