Lubricating performance of carbon nanotubes in internal combustion engines – engine test results for CNT enriched oil

The main purpose of this research is to reduce friction losses by adding carbon nanotubes to engine oil. Extremely favorable tribological properties of carbon nanotubes have been extensively studied on the microscopic scale and using tribometers, have not yet been verified in the engine. Enriching oil with nanotubes can lead to significant, exceeding 7 %, reduction in the motoring torque of the engine at low crankshaft rotational speed. The phenomena associated with the dispersion of carbon nanotubes in the engine are stated and discussed. It has been shown that the oil shear during normal operation of the engine can effectively improve the dispersion of nanotubes. At the same time the oil filtration system removes agglomerates of nanotubes very quickly.     

Design of emergency braking algorithm for pedestrian protection based on multi-sensor fusion

Globally, safety has become an increasingly important issue in the automotive industry. In an attempt to reduce traffic fatalities, UNECE launched a new EU Road Safety Program which aims to decrease the number of road deaths by half by 2020. AEB (Autonomous Emergency Braking) is a very effective active safety system intended to reduce fatalities. This study involves the design of a multi-sensor data fusion strategy and decision-making algorithm for AEB pedestrian. Possible collision avoidance scenarios according to the EuroNCAP protocol are analyzed and a robust pedestrian tracking strategy is proposed. The performance of the AEB system is enhanced by using a braking model to predict the collision avoidance time and by designing the system activation zone according to the relative speed and possible distance required to stop for pedestrians. The AEB activation threshold requires careful consideration. The test results confirm the advantages of the proposed algorithm, the performance of which is described in this paper.     

Development of algorithms for commercial vehicle mass and road grade estimation

Estimation algorithms for road slope angle and vehicle mass are presented for commercial vehicles. It is well known that vehicle weight and road grade significantly affect the longitudinal motion of a commercial vehicle. However, it is very difficult to measure the weight and road slope angle in real time because of lack of sensor technology. In addition, the total weight of a commercial vehicles varies depending on the freight. In this study, the road grade and vehicle mass estimation algorithms are proposed using the RLS (Recursive Least Square) method and only the in-vehicle sensors. The proposed algorithms are verified in experiments using a commercial vehicle under various conditions.     

Analytical description of ride comfort and optimal damping of cushion-suspension for wheel-drive electric vehicles

To provide initial design values of seat cushion and chassis suspension damping for wheel-drive electric vehicles (WDEVs), this paper presents an analytical estimation method and a practical damping parameters design method. Firstly, two formulae of the human body vertical acceleration in terms of the power spectrum density (PSD) and the root mean square (RMS) are deduced for WDEVs. Then, the coupling effects of the key vehicle parameters on ride comfort are revealed. Finally, with a practical example, the damping parameters of the cushion and the suspension are initially designed and analyzed. The results show that when every 10.0 kg increases for motor mass, the optimal damping values of the cushion and the suspension should be reduced by about 15.0 Ns/m and 50.0 Ns/m, respectively. However, the RMS acceleration increases 0.017 m/s² with a decrease of 2.5 % for ride comfort.     

浅谈职工面对面思想工作中的谈话技巧

新形势下企业思想政治工作的形式和方法要不断创新。“沟通思想、灌输理论、转化观念、引导行为”的“谈话”作为与职工面对面思想政治工作的主体内容,是一种有效的沟通形式,是与职工进行面对面思想政治工作的主要方法之一。在与职工面对面的思想政治工作谈话中,会出现“一句话使人笑起来,一句话使人跳起来”的现象,这就需要思想政治工作者努力提升语言艺术和谈话技巧,做到“三个充分”。     

ZPW-2000匹配变压器内部线头假焊故障浅析

ZPW-2000A型移频无绝缘自动闭塞系统以其无机械绝缘、抗干扰能力强、工作稳定等特点,被广泛应用于各大铁路干线,成为区间的主要设备。匹配变压器是ZPW-2000的主要组成设备之一,它的好坏直接影响到ZPW-2000设备能否正常工作。在此,对匹配变压器的内部断线故障进行分析,以供大家参考。     

铁路客运专线GSM-R室内覆盖系统的设计应用

结合客运专线室内覆盖系统的应用,介绍系统的组成、类型及各类室内分布系统的优缺点,研究分析铁路GSM-R室内覆盖系统的设计目标、设计原则和设计方法,给出典型情况下GSM-R室内分布系统的理论计算及设计流程,并提出铁路客运专线应用中需要特殊考虑的问题。     

GPS-RTK技术在新建铁路中线测设中的应用

结合实际工程,研究了GPS-RTK(Global Posiljon system.Real Time Kinematic)技术在新建铁路中线测设中的应用,重点探讨了将GPS-RTK测量获得的WGS-84坐标转换为线路设计坐标的方法.实践结果表明,采用GPS-RTK技术进行新建铁路中线的测设工作,只要作业方式及数据处理方法得当,即可保证测量精度,又可节省成本,缩短工作周期.     

采用轻量土整治桥头“跳车”的数值模拟分析

轻量土作为一种新型填土材料在工程中具有广泛的应用前景.采用FLAC3D软件对桥台背后填筑不同工程性质轻量土产生的效果进行了数值模拟分析,为轻量土在工程中的应用提供了相关理论依据.