Survey on arteriovenous fistula in maintenance hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy

This paper summed up the characteristics of native arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) in maintenance hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN) in Chinese hemodialysis centers. A survey was conducted on AVF in maintenance hemodialysis patients with type 2 DN. A total of 224 cases of maintenance hemodialysis patients were included in this study, among which, 65 cases in DN group, 33 cases in diabetes mellitus (DM) group and 126 cases in non-diabetic control (C) group. Hemoglobin, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, parathyroid hormone and calcium-phosphate product of the three groups of patients were not significantly different. Glycated hemoglobin A1c of DN group and DM group was not significant different. AVF life of (28.7 ± 10.0) months in DN group was significantly shorter than that of (36.5 ± 19.4) months in C group (statistic probability P <0.01), and AVF life of (32.5 ± 10.1) months in DM group (P <0.05) was also shorter than that in C group, while there was no significant difference in AVF life between DN group and DM group. Proportion of upper arm fistula in DN patients (11/65) was significantly higher than that in C group (6/123, P < 0.01). Life of AVF in patients with DN was relatively short, with more times of angioplasty and greater possibility of selecting upper arm internal fistula.     

快速公交系统通行能力研究

通行能力分析是快速公交系统规划、设计和优化的基础。基于GI/G/1排队论模型和车站有效停靠泊位数构建了快速公交系统通行能力计算方法,其参数设置涉及影响快速公交系统通行能力的各种因素。通过对北京、广州、厦门、郑州等多个中国城市快速公交系统运营状况的调查分析,对相关参数进行了标定,以使其反映中国各地快速公交系统运营实际。最后以广州、厦门、郑州三市的快速公交系统为例,对上述方法的应用进行说明。     

一座无加劲弦连续钢桁拱桥结构设计与施工

以一座跨河市政连续钢桁拱为工程背景, 介绍了一种无加劲弦连续钢桁拱结构, 对主桁、 钢桥面、 双吊杆、 联结系、 施工方案进行了说明, 介绍设计考虑因素, 重点分析了主桁片数选择、 节间长度、 钢桥面杆件布置及传力, 为同类型连续钢桁拱设计提供参考。     

高氧液对家兔急性脑缺血损伤的治疗作用

目的　探索高氧液对兔急性全脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法　钳闭双侧颈总动脉并降压建立家兔全脑缺血模型,18只模型随机分3组:对照组(CG) 用平衡盐液再灌注,治疗组(TG) 用高氧液再灌注,均 20 mL/kg静注;预处理组(PG)实验前3 d,高氧液 20 mL/kg静注,每天 1 次。每组在缺血前、缺血 20 min和再灌注 45 min各抽取颈内动脉血测定动脉氧分压(PaO2)和丙二醛(MDA)含量。72 h后处死动物,行海马 CA1 区组织病理学观察。结果　再灌注后TG组和PG组MDA含量与海马神经元坏死数量明显低于CG组,PaO2明显高于CG组。结论　高氧液对急性脑缺血有一定保护作用。     

Punching Shear Behavior of RC Slab-Column Connections with Nonrectangular Columns

This paper present an experimental study on the RC slab-colunm connections with nonrectangular colunms, namely cross-shaped column, T-shaped column and L-shaped column. The punching shear deformation and strength characteristics of slab-column connections with nonrectangular columns under punching shear load are investigated. Nine specimens with the three kinds of nonrectangular columns and two reference specimens with square columns are tested. The tested ultimate loads, deformations, and failur emodes of specimens are presented and discussed. Test results reveal that the punching shear strength and ductility of the connections with nonrectangular columns are higher than those of the corresponding connections with square columns, and also prove that the application of nonrectangular columns to flat-plate structure was feasible. Based on the test results, one method of calculating punching shear strength of connections with nonrectangular columns is proposed, which conforms with the current design practice of China. The test results on the punching shear strength are compared with the predictions of the formulas proposed by codes of several different countrie; and the predictions given by ACI code and China code are found to be conservative as the reinforcement ratio is increased.     

气泡混合轻质土在高速公路软基段加宽中的应用

介绍了气泡混合轻质土的概念、主要性能、施工方法及质量控制。并以广佛雅瑶至佛开三堡段高速公路扩建工程气泡混合轻质土试验段为例,介绍了气泡混合轻质土技术在高速公路软基段加宽中的应用。     

控制稀燃汽油机NOx吸附-还原催化转化器再生过程的试验研究

针对汽油机稀薄燃烧排放控制的特殊要求,研制了一套适用于稀燃汽油机的电控节气门(ECT)系统.该系统可控制稀燃发动机周期性的短暂工作于浓混合气状态,满足NOx吸附-还原催化转化器的工作要求,降低稀燃发动机的NOx排放.并在混合气浓度改变的同时实现对点火时刻和节气门开度的连动控制,维持发动机输出功率稳定.实验结果表明,稀混合气燃烧配以NOx吸附-还原催化转化器进行排气后处理可使NOx排放最低达50×10-6,最高转化率达91%,该系统是解决稀燃及其排放问题的可行方案.     

公路砖石拱桥加固原理及实效分析

以砖石拱桥的加固实例为工程背景,对砖石拱桥原拱圈下增设拱圈、原拱上增设钢筋混凝土拱圈、钢杆件拉结、钢板箍与螺栓锚固等几种加固方法的施工工艺流程、适用范围、注意事项等进行描述和探讨.     

基于RMA方法的汽车车身CAN总线优化设计

针对汽车车身控制信息的高实时性和车身CAN系统扩充的高灵活性等特殊要求,介绍用于实时系统分析的速率单调分析(RMA)方法,在原总线利用率、信息最坏响应时间等实时性指标基础上引入总线扩展灵活性因子进行车身CAN总线方案的寻优设计,并以典型汽车车身控制系统为例,对单信号方案和信号组合方案进行实时性和扩展灵活性对比分析,在线试验结果验证了理论分析数据的正确性。     

浅析CACHE技术的发展及应用

介绍Cache技术,以及Cache在Internet上的发展前景,分析Cache技术在互联网上的重要作用,特别是Cache技术在铁通公司互联网上的成功案例,展示了Cache技术的发展趋势.