Cooling effect of methanol on an n-heptane HCCI engine using a dual fuel system

Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines have the potential to raise the efficiency of reciprocating engines during partial load operation. However, the performance of the HCCI engine at high loads is restricted by severe knocking, which can be observed by the excessive pressure rise rate. This is due to the rapid combustion process occurring inside the cylinder, which does not follow the flame propagation that is seen in conventional engines. In this study, a low compression ratio of 9.5:1 for a gasoline engine was converted to operate in HCCI mode with the goal being to expand the stable operating region at high loads. Initially, pure n-heptane was used as the fuel at equivalence ratios of 0.30 to 0.58 with elevated intake charge temperatures of 180 and 90 °C, respectively. The n-heptane HCCI engine could reach a maximum performance at an indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) of 0.38 MPa, which was larger than the performance found in the literature. To reach an even higher performance, a dual-fuel system was exploited. Methanol, as an anti-detonant additive, was introduced into the intake stream with various amounts of n-heptane at fixed equivalence ratios in the range of 0.42 to 0.52. It was found that the methanol addition cooled the mixture down prior to combustion and resulted in an increased coefficient of variation (COV). In order to maintain stable combustion and keep the pressure rise rate below the limit, the intake charge temperature should be increased. Introduction of 90% and 95% (vol/vol) hydrous methanol showed a similar trend but a lower thermal conversion efficiency and IMEP value. Therefore, a dual fuel HCCI engine could maintain a high thermal conversion efficiency across a wide load and enhance a 5% larger load compared to a pure n-heptane-fuelled HCCI engine. The hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions were lower than 800 ppm and 0.10%, respectively. They were less at higher loads. The nitrogen oxides (NO _x ) emissions were below 12 ppm and were found to increase sharply at higher loads to a maximum of 23 ppm.     

农村公路养护管理评价指标体系研究

农村公路养护管理评价体系是一个多维的系统,不仅要对道路养护技术水平进行评价,也需要对日常养护水平、安全畅通、路网质量等要素进行综合评价。文中综合考虑了影响农村公路养护管理的各要素,建立了包含目标层、准则层、指标层的三级农村公路养护管理评价指标体系,并提出了农村公路养护管理评价实施的逻辑过程,即养护管理要素评价-养护要素预测-养护决策。     

汽车排气系统动态响应特性及强度分析

摘要：汽车排气系统的振动是影响汽车振动噪声和舒适度的主要因素之一,掌握其动态特性对优化汽车的NVH性能十分重要。在某客车新型排气系统的开发过程中,采用有限元分析方法,对排气系统进行模态、频率响应和强度分析,考察排气系统的整体性能,为排气系统的结构设计提供依据。     

基于层次分析法的新能源汽车驱动技术评估

利用层次分析法,分析了影响汽车制造商批量生产新能源汽车的关键因素,提出了不同层次的评估指标,建立了制造商对各类新能源汽车驱动技术的评估模型.对3种有望未来引进中国量产的国外新能源汽车进行动态评估,预测出未来20年其量产的趋势.     

汽车动力总成悬置系统优化与试验研究

以某款国产汽车为研究对象,在ADAMS中建立动力总成悬置系统的动力学模型。利用参数化分析方法,讨论了悬置参数对系统隔振性能的影响。对悬置参数进行优化,并分析比较优化前后的结果,优化后的悬置系统的隔振效果得到明显改善,并进行实车试验验证。     

基于观测器的半主动悬架仿真和实车控制

基于Kalman滤波算法设计了一个状态观测器,利用测得的簧载和非簧载质量加速度信号估计半主动悬架的簧载质量绝对速度以及簧载和非簧载质量之间的相对速度,并且基于这两个速度构建了天棚控制策略.仿真和实车试验表明,该状态观测器能较准确地估计这两个速度信号;与被动悬架相比,天棚控制有效提高了悬架的平顺性.     

真空助力器性能在线检测系统的研究

应用高速数据采集技术和计算机自动控制技术设计了真空助力器性能在线检测系统,其测试项目包括真空助力器输入、输出特性及真空密封性.在设计中引入伺服加载机构,实现了真空助力器加载速度的精确可调,提高了在线检测效率.试验结果表明,该检测系统密封性测量分辨率为0.01 kPa,输入、输出力分辨率为1N,检测数据可靠有效.     

基于服务的多智能体协同开发环境

针对汽车产品开发对分散化、异构化和智能化环境的需求,提出一种基于服务的多智能体协同开发策略.以产品开发管理(PDM)系统为基础信息平台,结合万维网服务的松耦合性和智能体的自治性,建立基于服务的多智能体协同开发体系结构;分析了该体系下智能体的内部结构和协同方式.作为一个实例,以PDM系统为平台建立了汽车减振器产品协同开发环境,并以减振器的设计重用验证该策略的可行性和有效性.     

中国市场电动微型车发展方向调研

本次市场调查旨在寻求最能迎合中国消费者需求的发展电动微型车的途径。调查包括前期对已有电动车数据的梳理,以及之后根据整合的信息进行筛选,对电动微型车这一分类设计针对性更强的调查问卷,并在国内7个不同大小的省市发放。问卷从技术、政策和使用方式3个方面,调查国内消费者对电动微型车市场的潜在需求,并由此给出设计建议。     

三峡库区高陡边坡崩塌机理分析与治理研究

边坡崩塌是边坡病害的一种重要形式,易造成掩埋道路、车辆、行人等事故,带来巨大人员伤亡和经济损失。与滑坡在机理上有较大的区别,边坡崩塌多发生于陡峭坡段,具有典型性、突发性以及较大的破坏性。在大量调查基础上,研究了长江三峡库岸城区高陡边坡岩土体崩塌形成机理,分析了崩塌破坏的一般形式、破坏机理及处治方案。并结合云阳县清凉场高边坡治理工程实例,给出此类高陡边坡治理措施及建议。