武汉长江隧道盾构段结构型式研究

武汉长江隧道是我国在高水压、强透水地层中修建的第一条大直径盾构隧道,且左侧河床历年冲淤变化幅度较大,如何选择合理的隧道结构型式是工程设计必须考虑的关键问题.为此,在国内外现有单层管片衬砌和全环双层衬砌的基础上,研究提出了一种新型的“管片衬砌+非封闭内衬”的双层衬砌结构该结构在不增加隧道开挖直径的前提下,允分利用圆形隧道底部和两侧的富余空间现浇钢筋混凝土,并与车道板结构共同组成非封闭二次衬砌结构,可以大幅度地减少河床冲淤变化时的结构横向变形,并确保隧道底部与两侧这些重点部位的防水性能及结构长期稳定性,是一种值得推荐的创新结构方案.     

盾构法与浅埋暗挖法结合建造地铁车站技术的结构方案初步研究

盾构法以其安全快速可靠等优点在我国的城市地铁建设中得到了广泛应用.但是由于区间盾构施工和车站施工在速度和组织上的矛盾没有得到很好的解决,也就是盾构过站的问题没有得到很好的解决,使得盾构法施工速度快的优势得不到发挥,同时可能带来较大工期风险.结合国内目前的技术和经济水平,提出一种新的盾构过站问题的解决方案,即盾构先行贯通全线大部分车站行车隧道,再结合明挖法或浅埋暗挖法在适当的时机拓展建造地铁车站.文章以北京地铁四号线角门北路站作为目标车站,对该方案进行了结构设计方面的研究,结果表明:该方案对于提高地铁建设质量、加快地铁建设速度、降低地铁工程造价具有很大的优越性和现实意义.     

隧道施工缝背贴式止水带防水技术若干改进

文章针对隧道衬砌施工缝既有背贴式止水带存在的问题,对施工缝背贴式止水带防水技术尝试了以下改进:(1)将横断面设计为梯形,使两翼能稳定深入衬砌混凝土内部,保持翼缘两侧有足够大的空间充填混凝土,从而为止水带周围密实创造条件;(2)在迎水面设置了排水孔,排水孔上覆有滤水土工布,排水孔下端与隧道排水体系相通,该排水孔给背贴式止水带赋予了排水功能;(3)通过人工假顶使背贴式止水带在洞顶成为准中埋式止水带,从而解决背贴式止水带在洞顶其周围不密实的问题;(4)通过在衬砌基础埋管留槽,安装止水带时将其两端插入槽内并接通排水管,可实现止水带无中间接头、整条一次安装,避免止水带中间接头渗漏水.     

锂离子动力电池应用于深潜救生艇的可行性分析

本文通过对锂离子电池动力电池的原理及主要特性的分析,结合深潜救生艇用动力电池的特殊使用环境和需求,论证了锂离子动力电池在深潜救生艇上的适用条件和应用可能性。结果表明锂离子电池作为深海救生艇的动力电池完全可行,并具有非常好的应用前景。     

超大型浮体横向和纵向两种构型下浮体的完整稳性对比分析

由于海洋超大型浮体的超大尺度、复杂的结构形式、恶劣的长期使用环境、所受的外部载荷时空变化剧烈和多样化的任务功能需求等特点,需要开展对海洋超大型浮体构型和结构形式的研究,其中稳性性能是确定超大型浮体构型的关键因素之一.本文针对超大型浮体的横向、纵向下浮体两种构型分别开展完整稳性分析,并对其稳性分析结果进行对比分析,对相关技术要点进行了探讨,给出超大型浮体构型研究中关于下浮体布置朝向的建议,为相关科学问题的研究打下基础.     

Socioeconomic factors affecting the job satisfaction levels of self-employed container truck drivers: a case study from Shanghai Port

The job satisfaction level (JSL) of self-employed container truck drivers (SCTDs) is vital to the container trucking industry’s (CTI) stability in China. An anonymous field survey of 645 SCTDs was conducted at Shanghai Port. Three ordered probit models were, respectively, developed to analyze the drivers’ JSLs, their attitudes, and reactions to a CTI downturn. This study contributes to the literature that the demographic variables were not statistically significant for the SCTDs’ current JSLs, while higher income SCTDs with fewer expenses were expected to have higher JSLs. During an industry downturn, drivers with families in Shanghai showed more job dissatisfaction. More working hours, lower income, expensive diesel fuel, a high consumer price index (CPI), and a low freight-to-distance ratio (FDR) significantly lowered the JSLs. An increase in the price of diesel fuel and the CPI, and a lower FDR exposed the industry to risk and instability. Additionally, credible evidence indicated that as the dissatisfaction levels of SCTDs rise in a downturn, SCTDs implement more practical measures that may negatively affect the industry’s stability as well as society’s. Based on these findings, managerial or policy implications were proposed to efficiently improve SCTDs’ JSLs and CTI stability in Shanghai.     

The interactions between online shopping and personal activity travel behavior: an analysis with a GPS-based activity travel diary

Accompanying the widespread use of the Internet, the popularity of e-commerce is growing in developing countries such as China. Online shopping has significant effects on in-store shopping and on other personal activity travel behavior such as leisure activities and trip chaining behavior. Using data collected from a GPS-based activity travel diary in the Shangdi area of Beijing, this paper investigates the relationships between online shopping, in-store shopping and other dimensions of activity travel behavior using a structural equation modelling framework. Our results show that online buying frequency has positive effects on the frequencies of both in-store shopping and online searching, and in-store shopping frequency positively affects the frequency of online searching. Frequent online purchasers tend to shop in stores on weekends rather than weekdays. We also found a negative effect of online buying on the frequency of leisure activities, indicating that online shopping may reduce out-of-home leisure trips.     

论20年来交通法学研究方法之特征与流变 ——多元研究范式的学术史考察

20年来,随着规范法学对交通现实问题回应愈发疲软,交通法学经历了从法教义学的闭环到法社会学的交叉研究的范式变迁.管理学的理论供给引领交通治理模式升级转型,社会协同治理、"大交通"执法模式应运而生.信息技术、医学、微电子学、环境学等自然科学研究方法从立法需求面向的碎片化摘取,走向交通法学研究方法论层面的全面进驻.心理学、...     

海文高速公路路面损坏原因分析及修复方案

通过对海文高速公路路面损坏现场调查及试验检测,分析其主要的破坏原因,提出了比较合理的修复措施。