高速公路隧道监控系统的设计

高速公路隧道监控系统是一个隧道监控综合平台,包括对交通、通风、照明、事件检测等进行实时监控,按五级集散式控制模式设计:监控分中心级、隧道监控所级、隧道主控区域控制级、隧道分控区域控制级、现场设备级,其中隧道监控所级是监控系统的核心部分。为了提高系统的性能和资源利用率,采用分布式处理模式;为了提高数据的传输速度,采用实时数据库对数据进行交互处理方法;为了便于系统扩展,采用外挂模式,各模块既能独立运行又能协调处理;为了系统的安全,根据工作性质不同而对操作人员操作模块定义不同的操作权限。     

基于航班时刻优化的多机场地面等待问题——模型和算法

为了优化航班的多机场地面等待问题,根据航班时刻信息,考虑空域容量和飞机周转限制,建立了以总延误时间最少、总延误成本最低、总调整航班架次最少、总延误航班架次最少的多目标、多机场地面等待问题模型.用非支配分类遗传算法Ⅱ(NSGA-Ⅱ)求出了该模型的优化多目标解集.以2008年秋季北京、上海和广州三大枢纽机场为例对该模型进行了验证,与先到先服务情况相比,平均总延误成本减少了约24%,平均总航班调整数减少了约62%.     

考虑桥面变形控制的换索技术研究

通过对四川德阳桥的工程概况以及换索原因的介绍,并针对有纵梁且纵梁刚度较大的中承式拱桥,用控制桥面变形的方式．解决用常规方法可能导致换索过程中桥梁产生过大内力的问题。该方法对桥面变形的控制较好,用临时支撑代替临时拉索．可实现在不需要安装临时拉索情况下对提篮拱桥进行换索施工,大大缩短了换索工期且降低了工程造价,对类似桥型的换索有所帮助。     

中小跨径桥梁单板受力成因及预防

北方公路桥梁主要以中小跨径桥梁为主,其单板受力破坏是影响桥梁运营安全和公路通行的主要因素之一。产生单板受力的原因有很多,但只要在设计、施工、养护及运营等环节加大控制力度,就一定可以防治单板受力问题,促进桥梁事业持续发展。     

电动车在线供电系统高效配电方案

针对电动车在线供电系统存在严重的传输损耗问题,设计了一种高压传输-低压激励的高效配电方案.该配电方案采用高压导轨传送电能,以减小输送过程中的能量损耗;采用低压激励方式,以增强导轨的功率发射能力.给出了配电方案的基本框架,阐述了其工作原理;分析了传输损耗的机理,导出了传输损耗的计算表达式,并探讨了分段连续切换供电方法.最后,通过仿真分析和实验对该配电方案和分段连续切换供电方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证.分析结果表明,当传输距离约大于70 m时,该配电方案的传输效率具有明显优势,可以提高系统的远距离能量传输效率.      

基于案例推理的测试序列生成方法研究

鉴于测试序列生成专家系统知识获取困难以及知识库维护不易等问题,本文提出从案例推理技术的新角度研究CTCS-3级列控系统测试序列的生成.设计了测试序列案例推理流程;提取了现场测试序列特征属性并构建了案例的框架表示结构;为实现案例检索,设计了属性相似度计算方法、确定案例属性权重的层次分析法、案例间相似度计算方法和案例检索过程;给出一个测试序列生成的具体流程.基于案例推理的研究方法为CTCS-3级列控系统测试序列的生成提供了一个新的思路.     

铁路发电车供配电装置微机监控的实现方法

分析了目前铁路发电车采用继电器-接触器控制与仪表监测系统存在可靠性差、维修工作量大及工作人员的劳动强度高等问题,提出基于日本三菱电机公司的控制与链路系统(Control& Communication,CC-Lock)的铁路发电车微机监控系统的总体方案,给出了发电车供配电装置微机监控的解决方案.该系统可实现对发电车柴油发电机组、供电系统的自动监测,降低设备故障率,减轻工作人员的劳动强度,为CC-Link现场总线技术在其他领域的应用提供了参考.     

Novel material of hydrogen generation

A novel aluminum alloy which could react with water and generate hydrogen at room temperature was prepared via mechanical alloying (MA). The results shows that milling time, additives and mass ratio have a significant role in the hydrogen production rate. The highest hydrogen production rate of alloys reaches 95% of theoretical value. The velocity of hydrogen generation reaches more over 200 mL/min for a gram alloy. Active materials (Ga and In) included in the aluminum alloys can be recycled and used repeatedly. The hydrolysis reaction between aluminum and H₂O will take place and release a large amount of heat, which contributes to increasing the velocity of hydrogen generation. The reaction products consist of AlO(OH) and hydrogen.     

Effect of Gr Content and Hot Extrusion on Tensile Properties of （Nano-SiCp~-Gr）/Cu Composites Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy

Novel hybrid Cu matrix composites reinforced by graphite (Gr) particle with volume fraction of 5%?C15% and nano-SiC particle (nano-SiCp) with volume fraction of 3% have been prepared by powder metallurgy. The results show that Gr and nano-SiCp distribute uniformly in the Cu matrix. With increasing the volume fraction of Gr, the tensile strength of the composites decreases from 114 to 51MPa and the elastic modulus decreases from 75 to 60GPa. Compared with the sintered composites, the tensile properties including elastic modulus, tensile strength, yield strength and tensile elongation of the hot-extruded (nano-SiCp+Gr)/Cu composites are improved greatly due to higher relative density of the composites and more uniform distribution of Gr and nano-SiCp, in addition to finer grain size of the matrix as a result of dynamic recovery and recrystallization which occur during hot extrusion process.     

Formation of nanometer coherent structures during spinodal decomposition and ordering coexistence phase transformation in Fe-24Al alloys

The nanometer coherent structure evolution of spinodal decomposition and ordering coexistence phase transformation in Fe-24Al alloys is investigated by the microscopic phase field kinetic model. The results show that the concentration and long-range order parameters all continuously change towards to their equilibrium values during phase transformation. With the increase of elastic interaction energy, the anisotropy along [01] or [10] elastic soft direction is more obvious and the time reaching equilibrium state is also shortened. According to the results, the formation of nanometer coherent structures during phase transformation is composed of the initial decreasing stage of order degree stage, the incubation stage, the continuous increasing stage of concentration order parameter and long-range order parameter, and the later stable stage. The spinodal decomposition and ordering is interaction; the initial ordering stage is a necessary condition of the coexistence phase transformation. The nanometer coherent structures are not found to grow during the whole phase transformation. The simulation results are in accordance with the results in experiment obtained by the aging treatment in Fe-24Al alloys.