重庆跨座式单轨1500V接触轨系统的安全管理

论述重庆跨座式单轨采用的直流1500V接触轨系统的构成、技术特征和在运营中的应用情况,介绍在采用直流1500V接触轨系统时的安全管理、安全防护措施。通过实践得出结论：在车辆段、地面正线等区域的使用中,尽管1500V接触轨系统比柔性架空网存在较高的触电风险,但如果运营公司高度重视,采取有效的隔离设计,以及强有力和细致的现场管理,就能够防范其带来的风险,确保运营安全。     

ERP在柴油机柔性装配线上的应用

介绍了自主开发的“ERP”系统,及与之匹配的“取货制”物流配送,解决了在一条柔性装配线上装配650种以上机型混装问题,实现了企业计划、定单、技术准备、财务、质量和制造等的核心业务的网络控制,提高了企业的整体竞争力。     

浅谈异型拱桥桥型设计

通过一个桥型方案设计实例 ,简要介绍异型拱桥的特点     

Study on dynamic characteristics of vehicle gearbox under multi-boundary conditions

With the development of vehicle gearbox to high-power-density and high-speed, how to predict and optimize the dynamic characteristics of vehicle gearbox becomes increasingly prominent. Aiming at the vehicle gearbox, this paper comprehensively and deeply studies the dynamic characteristics under the multi-boundary conditions. The generation mechanism of the multi-source excitations triggering the gearbox vibration is analyzed firstly. The vibration transfer path of the gearbox is explored. Secondly, the engine excitation, the gear meshing excitation and the bearing support load are numerically calculated. According to the finite element method, a fluid-solid coupling finite element model of the gearbox body is established to predict the gearbox dynamic responses based on the Galerkin method and the Hamiltonian variational principle. Finally, the effects of the excitation condition, oil height and reinforcement forms on the vibration responses of the gearbox body are thoroughly studied by simulation. The analysis indicates that it not only helps to modify and improve the method of forecasting the gearbox dynamic response, and also provides the theoretical and technical guidance for the gearbox design and optimization.     

基于二次分析的双机器人避碰方法研究

针对机器人系统协同加工中存在的碰撞问题,以双机器人系统为例,提出一种适用于多机器人系统平面加工的避碰研究方法.使用栅格法对加工任务进行离散化表达,将加工平面以设色图的形式展现出来,建立碰撞分析模型,分析出每个任务点的协同加工碰撞情况,基于时间最短和路径连续原则,规划得到双机器人平面协同加工的方法.通过对案例的仿真分析,验证了方法的可行性.     

复合驱动仿生胸鳍机构设计与水动力研究

针对仿鱼型海洋探测机器人低速时的机动性问题,受鹞鲼鱼类依靠胸鳍摆动实现各种水下运动的启发,设计出一种基于共融理论的复合驱动刚-柔多体耦合仿生鱼胸鳍机构。通过构建基于三维非定常湍流控制方程组的柔性鳍摆动系统水动力学模型,研究仿生胸鳍柔性鳍面摆动时周围压力和速度场的变化情况,分析不同摆动幅度和频率下鳍面的水动力学特性,揭示仿生鹞鲼机器鱼的水下运动机理,对摆动胸鳍的水动力进行仿真。结论表明:鳍面摆动时周围的漩涡能够引起胸鳍面上推力、升力及侧向力按类似正弦变化,而推进力和侧向力的大小随摆动幅值和摆动频率增加而增大。     

基于信息熵的频谱感知方法

频谱感知是认知无线电的关键技术之一。讨论了一种利用信息熵的频谱感知方法,并以IEEE 802.22的一种主用户信号对算法性能进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明这种方法能够克服噪声功率不确定性的影响,而且对信息熵估计时的参数选择不敏感,在低信噪比下能够获得较好的检测性能。     

Novel experimental strategy for high resolution AFM imaging of membrane-associated bacterial toxins

Bacterial pore-forming toxins （PFTs） are essential virulence factors of many human pathogens. Knowl- edge of their structure within the membrane is critical for an understanding of their function in pathogenesis and for the development of useful therapy. Atomic force microscopy （AFM） has often been employed to structurally interrogate many membrane proteins, including PFTs, owing to its ability to produce sub-nanometer resolution images of samples under aqueous solution. However, an absolute prerequisite for AFM studies is that the samples are single-layered and closely-packed, which is frequently challenging with PFTs. Here, using the prototypical member of the cholesterol-dependent cytolysin family of PFTs, perfringolysin O （PFO）, as a test sample, we have developed a simple, highly robust method that routinely produces clean, closely-packed samples across the entire specimen surface. In this approach, we first use a small Teflon well to prepare the supported lipid bilayer, remove the sample from the well, and then directly apply the proteins to the bilayer. For reasons that are not clear, bilayer preparation in the Teflon well is essential. We anticipate that this simple method will prove widely useful for the preparation of similar samples, and thereby enable AFM imaging of the greatest range of bacterial PFTs to the highest possible resolution.     

Robust control for four-wheel-independent-steering electric vehicle with steer-by-wire system

A four-wheel-independent-steering (4WIS) electric vehicle (EV) with steer-by-wire (SBW) system is proposed in this paper. The fast terminal sliding mode controller (FTSMC) is designed for the SBW system to suppress external disturbances. Taking unstructured and structured uncertainties into consideration, a robust controller is designed for the 4WIS EV utilizing μ synthesis approach and the controller order reduction is implemented based on Hankel-Norm approximation. Since sideslip angle is the feedback signal of robust controller and it is hard to measure, the extended Kalman filter (EKF) is employed to estimate sideslip angle. To evaluate the vehicle performance with the designed control system, step and sinusoidal steering maneuvers are simulated and analyzed. Simulation results show that the designed control system have good tracking ability, strong robust stability and good robust performance to improve vehicle stability and handing performance.     

A signal-based fault detection and classification method for heavy haul wagons

This paper proposes a signal-based fault detection and isolation (FDI) system for heavy haul wagons considering the special requirements of low cost and robustness. The sensor network of the proposed system consists of just two accelerometers mounted on the front left and rear right of the carbody. Seven fault indicators (FIs) are proposed based on the cross-correlation analyses of the sensor-collected acceleration signals. Bolster spring fault conditions are focused on in this paper, including two different levels (small faults and moderate faults) and two locations (faults in the left and right bolster springs of the first bogie). A fully detailed dynamic model of a typical 40t axle load heavy haul wagon is developed to evaluate the deterioration of dynamic behaviour under proposed fault conditions and demonstrate the detectability of the proposed FDI method. Even though the fault conditions considered in this paper did not deteriorate the wagon dynamic behaviour dramatically, the proposed FIs show great sensitivity to the bolster spring faults. The most effective and efficient FIs are chosen for fault detection and classification. Analysis results indicate that it is possible to detect changes in bolster stiffness of ±25% and identify the fault location.