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101.
This paper provides an analysis of the changes that have taken place in the Polish maritime sector between the demise of the Socialist state in 1989 and the current situation when the transformation process has had 10 years to develop. Examples are taken from the ports and shipping sectors and the conclusions provide an assessment of the structural implications of the transformation period for the overall maritime industry. 相似文献
102.
Michael Fodor Robin C. Redfield 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》1996,26(2):143-159
Electronically controlled vehicle suspensions offer substantial improvements in performance over conventional, passive suspensions but with the price of power, complexity, and actuating bandwidth. Low-bandwidth, semi-active damping addresses the problems of power and bandwidth by using low power modulation of controllable dampers at the frequency of the isolated mass. Resistance controlled, semi-active damping is experimentally verified to better sprung mass isolation while reducing suspension stroke, something that a passive system cannot do. It is also shown to compare reasonably well with computer simulation results. The experimental implementation is a 1/30 scale, two degree-of-freedom test bed that represents the standard quarter vehicle model. 相似文献
103.
Michael Clark 《Maritime Policy and Management》1985,12(2):157-167
The recent experience of Britain's derelict port areas indicates that the process of renewal and reuse is slow and is often restricted to arbitrarily few options. Successful schemes tend to be flexible, small-scale and piecemeal, while continued dereliction is generally associated with land set aside for the ambitious large projects. The political climate for dockland renewal tends to restrict opportunities for experimentation and immediate beneficial use. However, it is unwise to see old docks as too special. They are a peculiar part of the wider process of urban land use change. Successful operation or reuse depends on good relations with this wider social and economic environment. 相似文献
104.
Governments of all persuasions are increasingly seeking the participation of the private sector in the supply of transport facilities and services. Private sector participation in the financing, construction, operation and maintenance of infrastructure is considered a serious option in a number of countries in the search for ways of providing much needed investment which would otherwise be deferred. This paper considers some economic and financial problems in the private sector provision of major road infrastructure within urban areas. The main issues are attaching prices (i.e. tolls) to the provision of the service, the value of government rights which are being given up either permanently or temporarily, and the identification required by the promoters of the cost of capital which is essential information in establishing the risk. Broader environmental and equity issues are not addressed. If the approach to establishing a private presence in a previously public supply context is handled properly from the outset, the benefits can be significant. Contrarily however, the prospects could be quite undesirable if badly managed, despite the presence of an extended public purse.requests for offprints 相似文献
105.
Knud Benedict Michael Baldauf Christoph Felsenstein Matthias Kirchhoff 《WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs》2006,5(1):17-35
One of the most important parts of the simulator exercise is the evaluation of the students’ results by the instructor both
during and after the training session. This should be performed in two ways: first, during the exercise run to ensure that
the training objective can be achieved and second after exercise completion in order to give the students an indication of
their performance during the simulation run. For these purposes software tools have been created and implemented at the Maritime
Simulation Centre in Warnemünde: the “Surveillance Tool”, allows for a monitoring during the run and the “Evaluation Tool”
will enable a detailed evaluation by the instructor after the run. It allows for in-depth search within the replay data and
at the same time facilitates the calculation of the final score for the student’s performance based on measurement factors
as penalties for exceeding quality limits. Within this paper a brief overview of the principles of these methods is high-lighted
and selected examples of applications are described. 相似文献
106.
Vera Horigue Michael Fabinyi Robert L. Pressey Simon Foale Porfirio M. Aliño 《Coastal management》2016,44(1):71-91
In the Philippines, networks of marine protected areas (MPAs) are more complex than individual MPAs, primarily due to involvement of multiple governance units. Hence, there is a need to understand the influence of governance context of networks on management performance. We addressed this need indirectly by evaluating the participation of network members and the governance capacity of three MPA networks with varying sizes, histories, and compositions of local governments and constituencies. We defined participation as the involvement of local governments and other stakeholders in decision-making processes. We defined governance capacity as the ability to govern interactions of social, economic, and political processes and dynamics in a political unit. We used qualitative, semi-structured key informant interviews and focus group discussions to ascertain whether participation and governance capacity are influenced by network size, institutional arrangements, and social and political contexts. We found that the sizes of the MPA networks did not affect participation and governance capacity. Instead, participation and capacity were influenced by institutional arrangements and the socioeconomic and political contexts of the local governments involved. We found that less complicated network objectives and systems for engagement, more inclusive membership, better communication, incentive systems, and strong leadership enhanced participation and governance capacity. 相似文献
107.
A probabilistic framework for weather-based rerouting and delay estimations within an Airspace Planning model 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Michael V. McCrea Hanif D. Sherali Antonio A. Trani 《Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies》2008,16(4):410-431
In this paper, we develop a novel severe weather-modeling paradigm to be applied within the context of a large-scale Airspace Planning and collaborative decision-making model in order to reroute flights with respect to a specified probability threshold of encountering severe weather, subject to collision safety, airline equity, and sector workload considerations. This approach serves as an alternative to the current practice adopted by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) of adjusting flight routes in accordance with the guidelines specified in the National Playbook. Our innovative contributions in this paper include (a) the concept of “Probability-Nets” and the development of discretized representations of various weather phenomena that affect aviation operations; (b) the integration of readily accessible severe weather probabilities from existing weather forecast data provided by the National Weather Service; (c) the generation of flight plans that circumvent severe weather phenomena with specified probability threshold levels, and (d) a probabilistic delay assessment methodology for evaluating planned flight routes that might encounter potentially disruptive weather along its trajectory. Additionally, we conduct an economic benefit analysis using a k-means clustering mechanism in concert with our delay assessment methodology in order to evaluate delay costs and system disruptions associated with variations in probability-net refinement-based information. Computational results and insights are presented based on flight test cases derived from the Enhanced Traffic Management System data provided by the FAA and using weather scenarios derived from the Model Output Statistics forecast data provided by the National Weather Service. 相似文献
108.
Eren Erman Ozguven Mark W. Horner Ayberk Kocatepe Jean Michael Marcelin Yassir Abdelrazig Thobias Sando 《运输评论》2016,36(3):383-412
In the aftermath of disasters, evacuating aging victims and maintaining an optimal flow of critical resources in order to serve their needs becomes problematic, especially for Gulf Coast states in the USA such as Florida, where more than 6.9 million (36.9%) of the population are over age 50. Scanning the literature, there is no substantial prior work that has synthesized the requirements for a multi-modal emergency needs assessment that could facilitate the safe and accessible evacuation of aging people, and optimize the flow of resources into the affected region to satisfy the needs of those who remain. This paper presents a review of the aging population-focused emergency literature utilizing a knowledge base development methodology supported with a geographic information system-based case study application set in Florida. Importance is given to both ensuring the resiliency of the transportation infrastructure and meeting the needs of aging populations. As a result of this metadata-based analysis, critical research needs and challenges are presented with planning recommendations and future research directions. Results clearly indicate that transportation agencies should focus on clear and fast dissemination of disaster-related information to the aging populations. The use of paratransit services for evacuating aging people, especially those living independently and/or in rural areas, is also found to be of paramount importance. 相似文献
109.
David King 《城市交通》2013,(5):82-95
通过收费缓解交通拥堵的政治可行性取决于谁获得通行费收入。指出如果收益被分配给城市,特别是高速公路经过的城市,拥挤收费取得政治成功的可能性最大。与已有的很多建议不同,指出城市是比个体驾驶人和区域政府更有力的收益申索人。基于行为经济学和政治科学理论并结合几个大都市区的数据,对提议进行解析和阐述。在洛杉矶,潜在的拥挤收费收入估计每年接近50亿美元,将这些收入分配至高速公路经过的城市对拥挤收费的实施是有政治影响力和促进作用的。 相似文献
110.
Mature hub ports in the free trade environment,the way forward from a global supply chain perspective: an Asian case 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Asia-Pacific countries with divergent economic and political backgrounds developed a regime of bilateral free trade agreements in response to globalization. Challenged by the 1997 and 2008 financial crises, this Asian trade regime has remained intact, although the most powerful stakeholders have changed positions, as indicated by the strong emergence of China in the past decade. Efforts of key trading partners to tackle non-tariff barriers (e.g., rule of origin and customs formalities) in the region have yielded little progress thus far. Instead of aiming at a regional consensus on non-tariff barriers by all member states, a global supply chain (GSC) approach is recommended. Mature hub ports at strategic locations with advanced institutional measures could set up international trade facilitation centers co-locating multinational customs formalities. This GSC approach may also be adopted to construct a GSC hub development model that explains the transformation of hub ports. 相似文献