基于遗传算法的集装箱单箱三维装载优化问题

研究应用改进遗传算法优化铁路集装箱单箱三维装箱问题,达到充分利用集装箱装载质量或装载容积的目的。改进遗传算法中考虑货物放置方向、装载容积、装载质量及装载重心等约束条件,并结合方向及顺序约束采用巧妙的个体编码方法,结合装载容积、装载质量及重心约束构造合理的适应值函数。以16件货物装入20英尺箱为实例,应用改进遗传算法进行计算,计算结果为集装箱装载容积利用率为63 18%,并且可以缩短计算时间一半以上。     

An equity‐based passenger flow control model with application to Hong Kong‐Shenzhen border‐crossing

Cross‐border passengers from Hong Kong to Shenzhen by the east Kowloon‐Canton Railway (KCR) through the Lo Wu customs exceed nearly 200 thousand on a special day such as a day during the Chinese Spring Festival. Such heavy passenger demand often exceeds the processing and holding capacity of the Lo Wu customs for many hours a day. Thus, passengers must be metered off at all entrance stations along the KCR line through ticket rationing to restrain the number of passengers waiting at Lo Wu within its safe holding capacity. This paper proposes an optimal control strategy and model to deal with this passenger crowding and control problem. Because the maximum passenger checkout rate at Lo Wu is fixed, total passenger waiting time is not affected by the control strategy for given time‐dependent arriving rates at each station. An equity‐based control strategy is thus proposed to equalize the waiting times of passengers arriving at all stations at the same time. This equity is achieved through optimal allocation of the total quota of tickets to all entrance stations for each train service. The total ticket quota for each train service is determined such that the capacity constraint of the passenger queue at Lo Wu is satisfied. The control problem is formulated as a successive linear programming problem and demonstrated for the KCR system with partially simulated data.     

Estimation of origin-destination matrices from link traffic counts on congested networks

Conventional methods for estimating origin-destination (O-D) trip matrices from link traffic counts assume that route choice proportions are given constants. In a network with realistic congestion levels, this assumption does not hold. This paper shows how existing methods such as the generalized least squares technique can be integrated with an equilibrium traffic assignment in the form of a convex bilevel optimization problem. The presence of measurement errors and time variations in the observed link flows are explicitly considered. The feasibility of the model is always guaranteed without a requirement for estimating consistent link flows from counts. A solution algorithm is provided and numerical simulation experiments are implemented in investigating the model's properties. Some related problems concerning O-D matrix estimation are also discussed.     

乘务员、旅客对列车厕所的主观评价

采用主观询问的方法对列车直排式和密闭式的清扫方式，是否有臭味，以及对厕所排泄方式的选择进行了调查。结果表示：９７．５０％的乘务员认为密闭抽真空式厕所清扫方便，一次冲洗能干净（８７．５０％），１００％选择密闭轴真空式厕所。旅客对厕所臭味的评价，无论是工人农民，干部及其他人群认为密闭式厕所无臭味均在８０％以上。     

模糊控制理论的研究进展及其在铁路货物列车自动化控制系统中的应用

综述模糊控制理论研究的进展。分析模糊控制器的解析结构,分析模糊控制系统的函数逼近能力的稳定性,分析模糊控制技术与其它软计算方法如神经网络、遗传算法的结合。研究模糊控制技术与遗传算法相结合在铁路货物列车自动化控制系统中的应用,货物运输的自动控制属于多目标系统控制,通过对模糊PI控制器最敏感的参数,如比例因子和隶属度函数等进行寻优,使系统性能得到了显著改善。     

能实现岸电相序手、自动整定电路的研究

根据目前船舶岸电箱的不足之处,提出了一种新型的岸电相序手、自动整定及缺相保护电路。该电路从三相不对称电路的特性开始分析,对信号的采集、处理及控制进行了讨论,设计出具体的手、自动转换控制电路图,并对电路的工作原理作了较详尽的介绍。     

虚拟现实技术在船舶消防领域的应用

该文从工程应用的角度较为详细地介绍了组建船舶火灾虚拟现实系统过程中硬件选型、软件设计和虚拟环境中船舶火灾模型的选取原则等，并建立了基于微型计算机、Windows NT等软硬件环境下的船舶火灾虚拟现实体系结构。     

铁路给水集中监控中两类投矾子系统的改进

据有关资料，国内铁路已建成投入运行的给水集中监控中，自动投矾监控子系统主要有三类：一是数学模型法，如基于浊度和流量的投矾监控；二是单因子控制法，如基于流动电流仪的投矾监控；三是智能法，如基于多项水质参数的投矾监控。数学模型法投矾系统投资较少，在供水量较小的铁路二、三类和早期的给水站监控系统中应用较多；单因子控制法投矾系统投资较大，在铁路一类给水站监控系统中应用较多；智能法投矾系统投资也较大，主要在近几年新建铁路一类给水站监控系统中开始有应用。     

从水质水量联合角度评价鉴江流域可用水资源量

首先介绍满足流域水功能区水质目标的可用水资源量联合评价方法。该方法通过水量平衡和污染物质的质量平衡原理,建立单元系统的水量水质模型,依据水质水量资料确定模型参数;然后利用模型推求单元系统的可用水资源量;最后推广应用到河流多区段系统。将该评价方法应用到广东鉴江流域,计算该流域的可用水资源量。结果表明,可用水资源量与水质污染现状、水功能区的水质目标、河道生态需水量等有关。     

荷载作用下软土地基低路堤应力应变分布规律分析

该文针对软土地基低路堤内部应力应变状况,利用有限元方法分析了不同荷载作用、不同土基强度以及不同的硬壳层厚度对低路堤内部的应力应变的影响,并探讨了不同影响因素下横向的应力应变分布状况。分析结果表明,采用低路堤设计,利用人工硬壳层等措施可以满足路用性能的要求。