急流滩钻孔爆破施工解决方案*

针对J级航段急流滩施工中出现的船舶定位、抛锚移锚、破坏炮线、钻机套管垂直度控制等施工难题,传统施工方案无法开展施工作业。通过实践总结研发一套急流滩钻机船钻孔爆破施工关键技术。综合应用模块化组合船体、七锚缆船舶定位、套管垂直导向系统、平行双滚筒锚机、起爆网路等炸礁施工关键技术,使施工船在任意航区调遣施工。在澜沧江244界碑—临沧港IV级航道整治建设工程中,航区内滩上流速为3.5～6.5 m/s,险滩类型众多,采用本方案取得了良好的施工效果。在涡流、深急流等复杂条件下使用此方案,可以有效避免采用裸露爆破工艺炸药单耗高、不易控制的弊端,为急流滩施工提供了一种有效可行的施工方案。     

多优先级多车种动态应急交通网络反流策略研究

危化品爆炸泄漏和火灾爆炸等局部突发事件下,疏散车辆与救援车辆在路网上通行的优先级具有差异性。为研究多优先级多车种动态应急交通网络协调优化问题,本文根据多车种的优先级差异性,松弛路段传输模型,模拟疏散和救援交通在路网上的动态加载过程,引入交叉口冲突转向消除与道路反流约束;考虑到优先通行车辆的反流策略会占用低优先级车辆的道路通行能力,设置救援交通的逆行路段数限制。设计分阶段优化方法求解多优先级多车种动态应急交通网络协调优化的多目标混合整数线性规划模型(MPCDETN-MMILP)。最后,以 NguyenDupuis路网为例,分析优先通行车辆使用的逆行路段数对疏散和救援交通的影响。算例结果表明：救援交通逆行路段数和对救援车辆迅速到达受灾区域的提升存在上限,且这种提升趋势是逐渐变缓的,而对疏散车辆迅速到达安全区域的抑制呈现波动式的增加趋势;救援交通逆行路段数对救援优先的疏散和救援交通运行优化效果有较大协调作用;连接受灾区域和外部救援场站,且可构成最短径路的路段更会被选择为救援交通逆行路段。     

Asymptotic field of mode Ⅱ dynamic growing crack in visco-elastic material

A mechanical model of visco-elastic material is established in order to investigate viscous effect in dynamic growing crack-tip field of mode Ⅱ. It is shown that in stable creep growing phase, elastic deformation and viscous deformation are equally dominant in the near-tip field, the stress and strain have the same singularity, namely, (σε) ∝r^-1/(n-1). The asymptotic solutions of separatied variables of stress, stain and displacement in crack-tip field are obtained by asymptotic analysis, and the results of numerical value of stress and strain in crack-tip field are obtained by shooting method. Through numerical calculation, it is shown that the near-tip fields are mainly governed by the creep exponent n and Mach number M. By the asymptotic analysis to the crack-tip field, the fracture criterion of mode Ⅱ dynamic growing crack of visco-elastic materials is put forward from the point of view of strain.     

Dynamic Obstacle Avoidance for Application of Human-Robot Cooperative Dispensing Medicines

For safety reasons,in the automated dispensing medicines process,robots and humans cooperate to accomplish the task of drug sorting and distribution.In this dynamic unstructured environment,such as a human-robot collaboration scenario,the safety of human,robot,and equipment in the environment is paramount.In this work,a practical and effective robot motion planning method is proposed for dynamic unstructured environments.To figure out the problems of blind zones of single depth sensor and dynamic obstacle avoidance,we first propose a method for establishing offline mapping and online fusion of multi-sensor depth images and 3D grids of the robot workspace,which is used to determine the occupation states of the 3D grids occluded by robots and obstacles and to conduct real-time estimation of the minimum distance between the robot and obstacles.Then,based on the reactive control method,the attractive and repulsive forces are calculated and transformed into robot joint velocities to avoid obstacles in real time.Finally,the robot's dynamic obstacle avoidance ability is evaluated on an experimental platform with a UR5 robot and two KinectV2 RGB-D sensors,and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified.     

守恒力作用的物体在狭义相对论中的运动

推导出守恒力作用的一维运动物体在相对论中的物理量形式，并且与经典力学中恒力作用下一维运动物体的各量形式比较。     

VTS在防治船舶污染海洋环境中的作用

随着现代航运业及现代石油化工业的快速发展,水路运输已经成为物流运输的重要通道,然而由于船舶交通流量急剧增加,通航环境日趋复杂,恶劣天气频发等因素影响,水路运输带来便捷经济的同时,也给水域环境带来了严重的威胁.文章从预防交通事故和控制船舶污染的角度,对VTS在防治船舶污染海洋环境中可以发挥的作用进行探讨.     

失速点上湿压缩对于跨音速压气机转子性能的影响

In order to study the effects of wet compression on a transonic compressor,a full 3-D steady numerical simulation was carried out under varying conditions.Different injected water flow rates and droplet diameters were considered.The effect of wet compression on the shock,separated flow,pressure ratio,and efficiency was investigated.Additionally,the effect of wet compression on the tip clearance when the compressor runs in the near-stall and stall situations was emphasized.Analysis of the results shows that the range of stable operation is extended,and that the pressure ratio and inlet air flow rate are also increased at the near-stall point.In addition,it seems that there is an optimum size of the droplet diameter.     

基于DSP的火炮数字式中心线校正装置设计

校正火炮传动装置中心线是火炮装配与维修工作中一项重要的工作,针对火炮传动装置中心线测量校正过程繁琐、精度低等问题,基于数码传感器和DSP技术,研制了火炮数字式中心线校正装置,可以直接显示被测部件应加减调整垫的厚度,测量过程简单方便,测量精度大大提高,经试用证明明显加快了装配和维修的进度,提高了校正精度。该装置经简单的改装就可应用于其他车辆的装配和维修,通用性强,适用范围广。     

基坑开挖对紧邻建筑物沉降影响的数值分析

该文介绍了采用数值模拟方法对某地道工程基坑对临近建筑物的影响进行的分析。通过有限元模型,分析了南地道开挖过程对紧邻建筑物沉降的影响,并与监测数据对比。结果表明此方法计算值与监测值基本吻合,可以较好地模拟基坑紧邻建筑物的沉降规律。最后用此方法预测了北地道开挖对紧邻基坑北侧建筑物沉降的影响,对北地道工程施工有一定指导意义。     

劳斯莱斯轴带电机的应用及其优越性

本文首先对船舶轴带发电机的定义和类型进行了简述。在此基础上,主要介绍了劳斯莱斯轴带电机(Hybrid Shaft Generator,HSG)的概念、结构特点、工作模式和优越性。最后对该类型轴带电机的适用范围、经济效益等方面的问题进行了探讨和研究。