Mixed analysis of shell and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method

 This article presents a mixed method of analyzing shell elements and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method. In the structural design of a ship's hull, the shell elements are used for the global model. However, the solid elements are necessary to analyze the stress concentration zones or the vicinity of a crack. In such cases, the models are analyzed using zooming analysis, in which the results of a global model analysis are transferred to a local model analysis by imposing boundary conditions. This method is more advantageous than zooming analysis in terms of the accuracy of the solution and the modeling flexibility. Some examples of a plate model with a cracked surface or with a projection are shown in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. Received: August 6, 2002 / Accepted: November 25, 2002 Address correspondence to: S. Nakasumi (sumi@nasl.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp) Updated from the Japanese original, which won the 2002 SNAJ prize (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 2001;189:219–224; and 190:655–662)     

IN SITU EXPRESSION OF THE CELL ADHESION MOLECULE IN GASTRIC CARCINOMA AND CHRONIC GASTRITIS

ＩＮＳＩＴＵＥＸＰＲＥＳＳＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＣＥＬＬＡＤＨＥＳＩＯＮＭＯＬＥＣＵＬＥＩＮＧＡＳＴＲＩＣＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡＡＮＤＣＨＲＯＮＩＣＧＡＳＴＲＩＴＩＳＣｈｅｎＧａｏｐｉｎｇ（陈高平）；ＬｉｕＹｏｎｇ（刘勇）；ＲｅｎＨｕｉｍｉ（任惠民）；ＬｉＨｅ...     

模拟异种钢接头蠕变力学特性的数值分析

利用有限元数值模拟了高强匹配异种的接头在弹性－蠕变条件下的应力／应变场，结果表明，接头的应力／应变分布不均匀，在焊缝界面上，应力和应变分别呈不连续和不协调分布特性，并随着拦头各区蠕变强度差别的增大，其分布梯度增大，峰值应力／应变提高，因此，蠕变强度梯度大的高强焊缝和低强母材的界面是接头的薄弱部位。     

流函数法在减径拔管上限分析中的应用

应用流函数法建立减径拔管的动可容速度场，用上限原理得出减径拔管的上限解，分析了摩擦状态，变形程度及相对壁厚等工艺参数对拉拔载荷的影响，从而得出最佳工艺参数。     

Dynamic Simulation of a Smart Crank and Slider Mechanism

In this paper, a smart crank and slider mechanism is analyzed mostly from a dynamic view. By means of dynamic explicit finite element method, 3D nonlinear structure is simulated. It is proved that the mechanism can effectively accomplish smart movement prescribed. And in order to ensure reciprocal movement with higher frequency, measures should be taken to avoid over heating of parts. Compared with internal energy, kinetic energy of total rigid body is dominating, and Y direction equivalent rigid velocity is much higher than X direction velocity. Equivalent rigid velocity of all parts is consistent with respective movement condition. For both energy and velocity, slider effect is dominating. Three direction equivalent inertia force oscillates. Force amplitude in Y -direction is comparitively the greatest.     

Maritime accident investigation and temporal determinants of maritime accidents: A case study

This paper presents the results of an investigation into temporal determinants of maritime accidents based on a data-set obtained from the proceedings of formal inquiries in the former German Democratic Republic (GDR). The results show that there is no statistically significant outcome between the probability for an accident and the time of watch. Thus the results do not confirm previous studies, which reported significant time of day effects.The outcome of this study indicates that marine inquiries can provide useful data for an analysis of underlying causes of maritime accidents. It is suggested that accident inquiries should be extended into the area of watch systems employed and should record the hours of work and of rest of the officers on the watch involved in a maritime accident.     

The role of professional associations in shipping

This article is in three parts. The first covers the historical development of qualifying associations. The second covers the particular role of maritime institutions that include The Royal Institution of Naval Architects, The Institute of Marine Engineering Science and Technology and The Nautical Institute. The third and final section considers the future for maritime professional associations in the context of international shipping.     

某信息楼深基坑支护及水平位移监测

介绍某信息楼深基坑支护工程,在软土砂层中采用多种支护形式组合,施工过程中运用支护结构水平位移监测,及时掌握基坑支护结构的稳定状态,及时调整设计参数和施工工艺,取得了良好效果。     

浅议既有线CTCS2区段车站ZPW-2000A闭环电码化

本文从设计的角度,介绍了ZPW-2000A闭环电码化在既有线CTCS2区段的设计方案及其方案的完善。     

钢轨接头病害的成因分析和整治措施

钢轨接头夹板的强度、刚度的不足会造成钢轨接头结构薄弱,而接头养护维修工作中,接头螺栓扭矩不足、接头轨枕扣件不密靠等因素,加大了轨道结构的不连续性。钢轨接头结构上的不平顺主要是接头轨缝,轨缝愈大,台阶愈大,折角愈大,轮轨间的冲击愈大。轨面在接头区的不均匀磨耗是轨面不平顺的另一种形式。钢轨接头在结构上的不连续和轨面不平顺是接头病害的成因。加强轨缝和接头部位零部件的养护,保持合理的轨缝值,定期检查螺栓扭矩和扣件,进行起道捣固作业,整治道床板结和翻浆,轨面打磨和焊朴整修、改善轨下垫层弹性等综合整治措施,能够有效控制接头病害的产生和发展。