NONMONOTONIC TRUTH MAINTENANCE SYSTEMS

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Study of algorithms of new slender ship theory of wave resistance

In this paper, Noblesse‘s New Slender-Ship Wave-Making Theory was investigated numerically. Detailed expressions of zeroth and 1st order wave resistance have been derived and calculation programs have also been compiled. In the single and double integral terms of Green function, the kernel function of wave resistance expression, special function expansion method and Chebyshev polynomials approach have been adopted respectively, which greatly simplify the calculation and increase the convergence speed.     

Explaining light vehicle demand evolution in interurban toll roads: a dynamic panel data analysis in Spain

Tolls have increasingly become a common mechanism to fund road projects in recent decades. Therefore, improving knowledge of demand behavior constitutes a key aspect for stakeholders dealing with the management of toll roads. However, the literature concerning demand elasticity estimates for interurban toll roads is still limited due to their relatively scarce number in the international context. Furthermore, existing research has left some aspects to be investigated, among others, the choice of GDP as the most common socioeconomic variable to explain traffic growth over time. This paper intends to determine the variables that better explain the evolution of light vehicle demand in toll roads throughout the years. To that end, we establish a dynamic panel data methodology aimed at identifying the key socioeconomic variables explaining changes in light vehicle demand over time. The results show that, despite some usefulness, GDP does not constitute the most appropriate explanatory variable, while other parameters such as employment or GDP per capita lead to more stable and consistent results. The methodology is applied to Spanish toll roads for the 1990–2011 period, which constitutes a very interesting case on variations in toll road use, as road demand has experienced a significant decrease since the beginning of the economic crisis in 2008.     

Impact of family in-home quality time on person travel demand

This paper introduces the concept of Primary Family Priority Time (PFPT), which represents a high priority household decision to spend time together for in-home activities. PFPT is incorporated into a fully specified and operational activity based discrete choice model system for Copenhagen, called COMPAS, using the DaySim software platform. Structural tests and estimation results identify two important findings. First, PFPT has a place high in the model hierarchy, and second, strong interactions exist between PFPT and the other day level activity components of the model system. Forecasts are generated for a road pricing and congestion scenario by COMPAS and a comparison version of the model system that excludes PFPT. COMPAS with PFPT exhibits less mode changing and time-of-day shifting in response to pricing and congestion than the comparison version.     

Precise estimation of connections of metro passengers from Smart Card data

The aim of this study is to estimate both the physical and schedule-based connections of metro passengers from their entry and exit times at the gates and the stations, a data set available from Smart Card transactions in a majority of train networks. By examining the Smart Card data, we will observe a set of transit behaviors of metro passengers, which is manifested by the time intervals that identifies the boarding, transferring, or alighting train at a station. The authenticity of the time intervals is ensured by separating a set of passengers whose trip has a unique connection that is predominantly better by all respects than any alternative connection. Since the connections of such passengers, known as reference passengers, can be readily determined and hence their gate times and stations can be used to derive reliable time intervals. To detect an unknown path of a passenger, the proposed method checks, for each alternative connection, if it admits a sequence of boarding, middle train(s), and alighting trains, whose time intervals are all consistent with the gate times and stations of the passenger, a necessary condition of a true connection. Tested on weekly 32 million trips, the proposed method detected unique connections satisfying the necessary condition, which are, therefore, most likely true physical and schedule-based connections in 92.6 and 83.4 %, respectively, of the cases.     

Travel mode choice and travel satisfaction: bridging the gap between decision utility and experienced utility

Over the past decades research on travel mode choice has evolved from work that is informed by utility theory, examining the effects of objective determinants, to studies incorporating more subjective variables such as habits and attitudes. Recently, the way people perceive their travel has been analyzed with transportation-oriented scales of subjective well-being, and particularly the satisfaction with travel scale. However, studies analyzing the link between travel mode choice (i.e., decision utility) and travel satisfaction (i.e., experienced utility) are limited. In this paper we will focus on the relation between mode choice and travel satisfaction for leisure trips (with travel-related attitudes and the built environment as explanatory variables) of study participants in urban and suburban neighborhoods in the city of Ghent, Belgium. It is shown that the built environment and travel-related attitudes—both important explanatory variables of travel mode choice—and mode choice itself affect travel satisfaction. Public transit users perceive their travel most negatively, while active travel results in the highest levels of travel satisfaction. Surprisingly, suburban dwellers perceive their travel more positively than urban dwellers, for all travel modes.     

红柳林至神木西支线铁路隧道塌方处理及防治措施

在隧道施工中,隧道塌方是常见施工风险,对隧道塌方进行处理、规范和防范,是隧道施工和配合施工中重要的课题之一。分析隧道常见塌方的机理与原因,针对隧道洞口、洞内不同塌方情况,提出相应处理措施。隧道塌方是可以避免的,只要全面详尽了解隧道区的基本地质情况,充分认识围岩特性、各种不良地质发展趋势、不利因素间的联系及其可能诱发的地质灾害,就能在设计和施工阶段,对可能出现的塌方采取合理的开挖和支护方法,就可把不利围岩段容易引发塌方的各种因素的影响降到最低限度。     

跨坐式单轨简支变连续轨道梁设计

目前应用于重庆轻轨较新线二期工程中的连续轨道梁为简支变连续轨道梁,解决了在采用非承拉式的普通盆式橡胶支座的前提下,以大跨径轨道梁跨越路口的问题.从结构体系(包括主梁、横梁、支座等)探讨了跨坐式单轨简支变连续轨道梁设计和施工的主要特点.采用简支变连续的施工方法,可有效控制轨道梁的线形,降低施工对环境的影响.     

预应力混凝土箱型轨道梁温度场分析

预应力混凝土箱型轨道梁桥的温度效应不容忽视,在一定程度上甚至会超过活载作用成为设计的控制因素.论述了预应力混凝土箱型轨道梁桥温度场及其变化规律,分析了环境温度场与结构温度场的关系.运用傅里叶热传导理论和边界条件,建立了预应力混凝土箱型轨道梁结构温度场计算的数值模型.计算结果在某轨道线试验梁中得到了验证.在此基础上,将预应力混凝土箱型轨道梁温度影响的计算简化为温差作用下控制温度荷载的计算问题,提出了简化温度分布模式,对工程设计中合理控制温度效应具有实际参考价值.