在阳光下奔跑 BMW 335i Convertible

2007年春天宝马会推出3系列的敞篷版，起初会有325i和335i，随后还会有更小排量的动力配置以及柴油发动机，宝马新的敞篷3系列有着多项创新，首次应用电动折叠硬顶，可以冷却皮革的阳光反射座椅等。     

Confidence bounds on structural reliability estimations for offshore platforms

Second-order estimates to measure platform reliability are generated and used to provide an additional space to select safety margins appropriate to the owner's perception or for risk-averse managers. The aleatory and epistemic uncertainties in the parameters of an offshore platform are explicitly considered in the reliability analysis and the platform structural reliability becomes a random variable, assessing then the beneficial effects of a reduction on these uncertainties. One of these benefits is for risk-aversive managers who often demand additional room to make conservative decisions regarding reliability estimations. Proposed here is a procedure to generate the frequency diagram of platform reliability with the use of confidence bounds to support reliability and cost decisions based on percentiles instead of mean values. The concepts are illustrated through a typical offshore platform in Mexico. The frequency diagram of the platform reliability index is built for several alternative designs and three levels of epistemic uncertainty. The results may be applied for decision making on new designs and also on the assessment and optimal inspection, retrofit, and decommissioning of existing platforms.     

玩音响先爱乐

很多人都知道，现在的汽车影音系统已把车载DVD、汽车后视系统、GPS导航系统等先进技术融为一体，而售车广告也长期把这些功能作为“高档次”的卖点。但由于高级轿车并不是人人都消费得起，所以改装就成了广大车主企望拥有“先进技术”与“高档”的另一选择!     

Data-driven State-of-Charge estimator for electric vehicles battery using robust extended Kalman filter

An accurate battery State-of-Charge (SoC) estimation method is one of the most significant and difficult techniques to promote the commercialization of electric vehicles. This paper tries to make two contributions to the existing literatures through a robust extended Kalman filter (REKF) algorithm. (1) An improved lumped parameter battery model has been proposed based on the Thevenin battery model and the global optimization-oriented genetic algorithm is used to get the optimal polarization time constant of the battery model. (2) A REKF algorithm is employed to build an accurate data-driven based robust SoC estimator for a LiFePO4 lithium-ion battery. The result with the Federal Urban Driving Schedules (FUDS) test shows that the improved lumped parameter battery model can simulate the dynamic performance of the battery accurately. More importantly, the REKF based SoC estimation approach makes the SoC estimation with high accuracy and reliability, it can efficiently eliminate the problem of accumulated calculation error and erroneous initial estimator state of the SoC.     

小精灵——Renault Twingo Concept

雷诺选择2005年巴黎汽车展揭幕Twingo概念车，此款车完全定位在体育、音乐和时尚的青年文化。虽然全车长3600毫米，宽1727毫米，高1411毫米，但是Twingo Concept不但有丰富的配备，同时也是一辆搭载不少全新的通讯科技，并且具有迷人魅力的小车。比例设计适中的车身呈现出一种漂亮的平衡感。     

Effect of wave boundary layer on sea-to-air dimethylsulfide transfer velocity during typhoon passage

A full-spectral third-generation ocean wind–wave model (Wavewatch-III) implemented in the South China Sea is used to investigate the effects of the wave boundary layer on the drag coefficient and the sea-to-air transfer velocity of dimethylsulfide (DMS) during passage of Typhoon Wukong (September 5–11, 2000) with a maximum sustained wind speed of 38 m s^− 1. The model is driven by the reanalyzed surface winds (1° × 1°, four times daily) from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction. It is found that the wave boundary layer evidently enhances (16.5%) the drag coefficient (in turn increases the momentum flux across the air–sea interface), and reduces (13.1%) the sea-to-air DMS transfer velocity (in turn decreases the sea-to-air DMS flux). This indicates the possibility of important roles of wave boundary layer in atmospheric DMS contents and global climate system.     

扬帆远航所必备的电子助航设备

2009年6月18日，8名来自大连、天津等地的帆船爱好者在大连名岛帆船俱乐部的组织下，齐聚星海湾，驾驶着LAGOON440号双体帆船，开始了大连到青岛的远洋航行。途遇八级阵风、5米海浪、电闪雷鸣；穿越了渔网密布的海域；绕过重重迷雾的成山角，经历了50多个小时的颠簸，于20日中午平安到达阳光灿烂的青岛奥帆基地。     

Experimental study of the flow characteristics in an automotive HVAC system using a PIV technique

Air flow inside an automotive HVAC module was visualized using a high-resolution PIV technique with varying temperature control modes. The PIV (particle image velocimetry) system used for the experiment consisted of a 2-head Nd:YAG laser (125 mJ), a high-resolution CCD camera (2 K × 2 K), optics and a synchronizer. A real automotive HVAC module was used as a test model, and some of its casing parts were replaced with transparent windows to capture the flow images of the laser-light-sheet illumination. In addition, instant velocity fields were measured for three different temperature control modes by adjusting the temperature baffle. Characteristics of the air flow inside the automotive HVAC were then evaluated based on the time-averaged PIV data. Results from the experiment showed that flow for the warm mode loses more momentum due to its complicated flow path. Thus, the present PIV data can be used to validate numerical prediction and to improve the performance of HVAC modules.