从词汇层面上看语言教学中的文化输入

本从化与语言的关系谈起，说明化输入在语言教学中的重要性。然后以汉英词汇的含义、范围异同来着重谈词汇层面上的化内涵，指出在教授词汇时化因素不可疏忽，提出以新角度看待化教学，提倡词汇层面上的化输入。     

The β-amyloid protein induces S100β expression in rat hippocampus through a mechanism that involves IL-1

Objective To explore the effect of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) on S100β expression in rat hippocampus and its mechanisms. Methods At 7 days after bilateral stereotaxis injection of different dose of fibrillar Aβ 25-35 and interluekin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) into the rat CA1 region, the learning and memory abilities of rats were tested with passive avoidance task. Amyloid deposition was detected by using Congo red staining technique. Nissl staining and immunohistochemical techniques were used to analyze the number of neurons, and GFAP and the S100β expression in hippocampal CA1 region , respectively. Results After fibrillar Aβ injection, the step-through latency of rats was significantly shortened compared to that of the control group. The GFAP positive astrocytes were found surrounding amyloid deposition. Neuronal loss occurred in the pyramidal cell layer of CA1 region. The number of S100β positive cells in Aβ-treated group was significantly increased compared with that in the control group. After IL-1ra injection, the number of S100β positive cells was significantly decreased. Conclusion Intrahippocampal injection of Aβ 25-35 could cause similar pathologic changes of Alzheimer's disease. Aβ 25-35 was capable of up-regulating S100β expression in a dose-dependent manner. The injection of IL-1ra could attenuate the effect of Aβ on S100β expression.     

PROLIFERATION AND MIGRATION OF EPENDYMAL CELLS IN THE BRAIN OF ADULT RATS AFTER PERMANENT FOCAL CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA

Objective Ependymal cells are thought to be the primary source of neural stem cells in the adult central nervous system. The purpose of this study is to examine spatial and temporal profiles of ependymal cell proliferation and migration after focal cerebral ischemia. Methods Eighty male Sprague Dawley rats underwent permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion after injection of 10/μL of 0.2% Dil into the lateral ventricle. Rats were sacrificed and brain sections were acquired for pathological evaluation and laser confocal imaging at day 1,3,7,11,14,21 and 28 after ischemia. Results The density of Dil-labeled cells in the ischemic ipsilateral subventricular zone was significantly higher than that in the control group and these labeled cells dispersed in the ischemic ipsilateral subventricular zone and/or were located in ependyma from day 1 to 11. In the ischemic ipsilateral cortex, some Diilabeled cells occurred in peri-infarction and infarction of parietal region at day14 and peaked at day 21 when some Dil-labeled cell nodules were found in this region. During postischemic day 14--28, a significant decrease in labeled celldensity in the ischemic ipsilateral subventricular zone was coincident with a significant increase in labeled cells density in the cortex (peri-infarction and infarction). Conclusion The results indicate that ependymal cells proliferate and migrate after focal cerebral ischemia in the adult rat brain.     

LM331在内燃机车检测中的应用

本文给出一种应用于内燃机车水阻测试台的主电压检测电路,该电路使用廉价的单片V/F转换器,通过光电耦合方式,既保证了检测电压的精度,又可有效防止各种干扰串入计算机控制系统。     

PROPERTIES OF PROLIFERATION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF NEONATAL RAT RETINAL PROGENITOR CELLS IN VITRO

Objective To investigate the properties of proliferation and differentiation of neonatal rat retinal progenitor cells （RPCs） in vitro. Methods RPCs were isolated from neonatal SD rats neural retina and cultured in DMEM/F12 ＋ N2 with EGF and bFGF （suspension medium ） or 10 % FBS without EGF and bFGF （ differentiation medium）. The cells grew as suspended spheres or adherent monolayers, depending on different culture conditions. The neural stem cells or retinal progenitors, neurons, astrocytes, retinal ganglion cells, rod photoreceptors and the proliferating cells were evaluated with immunofluorescence analysis by Nestin or Pax6, Map2, GFAP, Thy-1, Rhodopsin and BrdU antibodies respectively. Results RPCs could propagate and differentiate in suspension or differentiation medium and express the markers of Nestin （92.86%） or Pax6 （86.75%）, Map2 （38.54%）, GFAP （20.93%）, Thy-1 （27. 66%） and Rhodopsin（13. 33%）in suspension medium; however, Nestin （60.27%）, Pax6 （52%）, Map2 （34.94%）, GFAP （38.17%）, Thy-1 （30.84%） and Rhodopsin （34.67%） in differentiation medium. 96.4 % of the population in the neurospheres was BrdU-positive cells. The cells could spontaneously adherent forming some subspheres and retinal specific cell types. Conclusion Neonatal rat RPCs possess the high degree of proliferation and can differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, retinal ganglion cells and rod photoreceptors in vitro. There are different proportions for RPCs to differentiate into specific cell types.     

结构多位置损伤的线性诊断方法

引入了一阶振型变化率的概念，并且证明了一阶振型变化率具有可叠加性，多位置损伤所引起的一阶振型变化率是各单位置损伤引起的一阶振型变化率的线性叠加．以一阶振型变化率为损伤标识量，将结构的多位置损伤状态等价于各单位置损伤状态的叠加．列出了结构多位置损伤的线性损伤诊断方法的实现步骤．以简支梁和四边固支的正方形板的多位置损伤诊断为算例表明，该方法不仅可准确地判定结构的损伤状态，而且损伤诊断的过程简单．     

基于时间Petri网的集装箱码头AGV调度系统建模研究

在分析了集装箱自动化码头物流系统中的自动导引小车-AGV工作情况的基础上，提出了利用时间Petri网对AGV调度系统建模和性能分析的基本思路；建立了AGV的运输路径模型，并进行了系统性能特性分析；结果表明这种模型能够准确地描述集装箱码头物流系统的运行状况．     

近景摄影测量法在地下工程中的应用

近年来，结合地下工程的现场量测和模型试验，引入了近景摄影测量的方法，对位移场、既有隧道衬砌变形及新建隧道轮廓超欠挖等进行了量测。取得了较好的效果，开辟了一条地下工程量测技术的新途径。可供岩石及地下工程界同仁参考。     

万新大桥梁端滑动索鞍设计与受力分析

抚顺市万新大桥是一座主跨160m的混凝土自锚式悬索桥．由于受两端连接线和设计洪水位的限制，采用了独特的锚固构造型式，每侧梁端各设置了2个滑动索鞍和一个固定索鞍，其主缆采用连续的镀锌钢丝绳绕过全桥10个索鞍，并使两股主缆连续为闭合环形，通过梁端索鞍将主缆力传递于主梁，使锚固构造高度满足了桥下净空需要．文中应用ANSYS程序采用空间三维实体单元对梁端滑动索鞍进行了受力分析，并介绍了梁端滑动索鞍的施工安装方法．     

监理在农村公路建设中的作用

沥青路面平整度受底基层、基层表面施工的直接影响，严格控制基层、底基层平整度，严格控制面层施工，消除各种因素（如设备匹配、摊铺、碾压及施工温度等）对面层平整度的影响，来确保沥青路面平整度。