北京地铁5号线车辆制动设备模块化设计

对城市轨道交通车辆的车下制动设备的模块化设计及其意义进行了探讨。结合北京地铁5号线车辆项目,提出了车下制动设备模块化设计的总思路是把制动设备分成风源和制动两个模块,并对该两个模块进行了设计。对其模块化设计中遇到的问题逐一进行了阐述,并总结出制动设备模块化设计的优点。     

沥青混合料旋转压实与马歇尔击实试件体积特性差异的初步试验研究

该文利用Superpave旋转压实成形机和马歇尔自动击实仪对具有相同级配的沥青混合料进行成形,通过对比两种试件的体积特性来初步分析两种成形方法的差异。研究发现,125次旋转压实成形的试件与75次马歇尔击实成形试件的体积特性差异受细料品质影响很大,研究认为,马歇尔击实和旋转压实成形有着本质的区别,针对马歇尔击实次数建立等效的旋转压实次数是不现实的。     

计入列车制动力的大跨度公铁两用斜拉桥极限状态研究

以天兴洲公铁两用斜拉桥为例,建立有限元模型,考虑了制动力作用的极限状态.采用以线型控制的索力迭代分步算法确定斜拉桥成桥索力,按照铁路和公路工程结构可靠度设计统一标准,分析、计算和比较了5种荷载工况的作用效果,确定出最不利荷载工况.计入几何非线性影响,进行斜拉桥承载能力和正常使用极限状态分析.利用Ansys参数化设计语言进行后处理,研究斜拉桥在承载能力极限状态下主要构件的应力水平和应力分布.     

船舶建造模式研究

现阶段船舶航运市场不景气、船舶价位较低、涂装PSPC等建造要求与公司投资引进先进或大型设备、劳动力成本日益增加产生了较为突出的矛盾,为此,从船企船舶建造工艺再造、合理利用内外资源等方面进行分析,论述相对合理的船舶建造方案,从而达到满足涂装PSPC建造要求、提高船舶建造效率、降低时间成本、有效控制船舶建造成本的目的。     

城市路内停车管理战略及实践

为有效缓解城市停车问题,从公安交通管理角度研究路内停车管理战略。首先探讨路内违章停车对道路交通的影响,并分析问题的根源。提出引导式路内停车管理战略架构,在分析城市路内停车功能定位的基础上,阐述停车管理战略意义和目标。从确定严管区域、合理设置路内停车位、完善停车安全管理设施、强化执法手段和加大处罚力度五个方面提出路内停车管理措施;从加强宣传、增加有效停车位供给、调整城市交通结构和建立停车位电子档案库四个方面提出引导式停车管理配套措施,并探讨相应的战略保障机制。最后,通过杭州市和长沙市实例分析了停车管理战略的应用效果。     

Application of particle swarm algorithm in the optimal allocation of regional water resources based on immune evolutionary algorithm

The optimal allocation model of regional water resources is built with the purpose of maximizing the comprehensive economic,social and environmental benefits of regional water consumption.In order to solve the problems that easily appear during the model solution of regional water resource optimal allocation with multiple water sources,multiple users and multiple objectives like＂curse of dimensionality＂or sinking into local optimum,this paper proposes a particle swarm optimization（PSO）algorithm based on immune evolutionary algorithm（IEA）.This algorithm introduces immunology principle into particle swarm algorithm.Its immune memorizing and self-adjusting mechanism is utilized to keep the particles in the fitness level at a certain concentration and guarantee the diversity of population.Also,the global search characteristics of IEA and the local search capacity of particle swarm algorithm have been fully utilized to overcome the dependence of PSO on initial swarm and the deficiency of vulnerability to local optimum.After applying this model to the allocation of water resources in Zhoukou,we obtain the scheme for optimization allocation of water resources in the planning level years,i.e.2015and 2025 under the guarantee rate of 50%.The calculation results indicate that the application of this algorithm to solve the issue of optimal allocation of regional water resources is reliable and reasonable.Thus it ofers a new idea for solving the issue of optimal allocation of water resources.     

增程式电动车的APU控制策略的研究

提出了一种由永磁同步电机和汽油机组成的辅助动力单元(APU)的控制策略.通过仿真与试验选定控制参数.为改善APU的动态和稳态性能,采用模糊控制策略.试验结果表明,本文提出的控制策略能很好地满足增程式电动车的性能需求.     

高路堤侧向位移沉降特性分析

公路高路堤填筑期的变形包括竖向沉降变形和侧向位移.建立了基于等体积法的路堤侧向位移沉降模型,推导出的计算公式能准确简便的计算出沉降组成中侧向位移产生的沉降量.采用该公式对兰许高速公路试验段长达1a的沉降和侧向位移观测数据进行计算,结果表明：侧向位移产生的沉降量约占总沉降量的20%;侧向位移产生的沉降也并非瞬时能完成,而是延续相当长的时间;在沉降预测中,应充分考虑侧向位移产生的沉降对模型的影响.     

城市轨道交通开行跨站停列车的综合评价研究

城市轨道交通开行跨站停列车受到很多因素的影响,概述跨站停车方案,分析其优缺点并构建多目标综合评价体系,包括通过能力、服务水平、运营效率和费用支出4个一级指标及相应9个二级指标,阐述各指标的含义和计算方法,最后运用AHP-F法,结合具体实例对城市轨道交通跨站停车方案进行综合评价,以分析其优劣并指出不足之处。     

Effectiveness of different orthoses on joint moments in patients with early knee osteoarthritis: Lateral wedge versus valgus knee bracing

The purpose of the study was to test the biomechanical differences between a lateral wedge and a valgus knee bracing on the knee joint moment during walking in patients with early stage of medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA). We conducted a crossover randomized design to compare gait parameters of 32 patients (with early stage medial compartment knee OA) in three different conditions during walking: with a custom-made lateral wedge of 5° (in standard shoes), with a valgus knee bracing (in standard shoes), and with control condition (in standard shoes). Both two-orthose conditions showed decreased loading patterns (knee adduction moment and knee adduction angular impulse) on the knee joint in dynamic condition (statistic probability P < 0.05). The decreased loading on OA knee in wedge condition was associated with a laterally shifted location of centre of pressure and increased ankle valgus degree and moment at the same foot (P < 0.05). It was not found significant differences in loading of the knee between these two-orthose conditions. These results indicated that, under dynamic condition, patients wearing lateral wedge and valgus knee bracing showed changes of moments on knee joints. Lateral wedge was as effective as valgus knee bracing in the treatment of early stage of knee OA.