ISG混合动力场地货运牵引车动力总成参数匹配与仿真

针对场地货运的特殊工况,基于MATLAB/ADVISOR平台建立了起动/发电机一体化混合动力牵引车系统.在保证整车动力性的前提下,以降低油耗为目标,对混合动力总成的发动机、电机和电池等元件进行了参数匹配设计.仿真结果表明,所选择的参数设计合理,改装后的混合动力场地货运牵引车在满足整车动力性的前提下改善了燃油经济性.     

车用柴油机燃用生物柴油PAHs排放特性试验研究

在发动机台架上对一台车用直喷式增压柴油机燃用生物柴油和柴油PAHs的排放特性进行试验,排气巾颗粒相和气相PAHs分别用玻璃纤维滤膜和PUF/XAD-2/PUF吸附管采集,用色谱-质谱联用仪对PAHs进行定量分析.结果表明:发动机燃用生物柴油时PAHs排放浓度较燃用柴油时下降了30.4%～57.8%;燃用生物柴油时PAHs排放中对人体极为有害的苯并(a)芘浓度较燃用柴油时下降了56.6%～94.9%.     

Comparison of HC species from diesel combustion modes and characterization of a heat-up doc formulation

This study summarizes engine speed and load effects on HC species emissions from premixed charge compression ignition (PCI) and conventional diesel combustion, and it evaluates diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) formulations on a gas flow reactor for the purpose of diesel particulate filter regeneration or lean NO_x trap desulfation. HC emissions are sampled simultaneously by a Tedlar bag for light HC species and by a Tenax TA™ adsorption trap for semi-volatile HC species, and they are analyzed by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. The bulk temperature and residence time during combustion are key parameters that are important for understanding the effects of speed and load on engine-out HC emissions. The degree of post-flame oxidation is higher in PCI than in conventional combustion, and it is increased for PCI with a higher speed and load, as indicated by a lower fuel alkanes/THC ratio, a higher alkenes/fuel alkanes ratio, and a higher methane/THC ratio. Ethene and n-undecane are two representative HC species, and they are used as a surrogate mixture in the gas flow reactor to simulate PCI and conventional combustion with in-cylinder post fuel injection. Among the three DOC formulations tested, the catalyst with constituent precious metals of platinum and palladium (PtPd) showed the best light-off performance, followed by PtPd with an addition of cerium dioxide (PtPd+CeO₂), and platinum (Pt), regardless of exhaust compositions. Conventional combustion exhaust composition shows a lower light-off temperature than that of PCI, regardless of catalyst formulation.     

Fatigue design for plug/ring type gas welded joints of sts301l including welding residual stresses

This paper presents a fatigue design method for plug and ring type gas welded joints, which incorporates welding residual stress effects. A non-linear finite element analysis (FEA) was first performed to simulate the gas welding process. The numerically predicted residual stresses of the gas welds were then compared to experimental results measured using a hole drilling method. In order to evaluate the fatigue strength of the plug and ring type gas welded joints, a stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R taling the welding residual stress of the gas weld into account was introduced and is based on a modified Goodman equation incorporating the effect of the residual stress. Using the stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R , the ΔP-N _f relations obtained from fatigue tests for plug and ring type gas welded joints having various dimensions and shapes were systematically rearranged into (σ _a ) _R -N _f relations. It was found that the proposed stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R could provide a systematic and reasonable fatigue design criterion for the plug and ring type gas welded joints.     

Prediction of fatigue life and estimation of its reliability on the parts of an air suspension system

Air suspension systems have been implemented in various commercial vehicles, such as buses and special purpose trucks, because of the comfortable ride and easy height control. An evaluation of the durability of vehicle parts has been required for service life and safety starting in the early stages of design. The cyclic load applied to the vehicle can cause fatigue failure of parts, such as the suspension frame. This paper presents a method to predict the fatigue life of the suspension frame at the design stage of the air suspension system used in a heavy-duty vehicle. To estimate the fatigue life using the SN method, the Dynamic Stress Time History (DSTH) is necessary for the part of interest. DSTH can be obtained from the results of the flexible body dynamic analysis using the Belgian road simulation and the Modal Stress Recovery (MSR) method. Furthermore, the reliability of the predicted fatigue life can be evaluated by considering the variations in material properties. The probability and distribution of the expected life cycle can be obtained using experimental design with a minimum number of simulations. The advantage of using statistical methods to evaluate the life cycle is the ability to predict replacement time and the probability of failure of mass-produced parts. This paper proposes a rapid and simple method that can be effectively applied to the design of vehicle parts.     

Transient characteristics of emissions during engine start/stop operation employing a conventional gasoline engine for HEV application

In this paper, we investigate the transient characteristics of combustion and emissions during engine start/stop operations in hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) applications. Hydrocarbon (HC) emissions during the initial 2^nd∼9^th cycles are found to be significantly greater when the engine is quickly started under the original engine calibration mode. Lower intake manifold absolute pressure (MAP) was also found to cause larger residual gas dilution and poor combustion, resulting in a higher HC concentration when the cranking speed was increased. The post-catalyst HC concentration was found in the way of initially decrease and then to increase again as the cranking speed was increased. A lowest concentration value was achieved at a cranking speed of 1000 r/min. Engine shut-down by fuel cut-off was shown to produce lower emissions than shut-down by ignition cut-off as one can avoid misfire of the last fuel injection cycle. The fuel deposited during the stop process seems to impact engine restart enrichment mostly during the initial 0.7 s for this engine, whose performance is dominated by the MAP transition characteristic and the time coefficient for fuel vaporization in this time period     

集群桩基大型承台承载性能模型试验研究

进行桩基承台设计的基本前提是明确承台的受力特点.为进一步研究大型桥梁工程中常见的大型集群桩基承台的受力机理和破坏模式,通过对两个比例为1:10的16桩厚承台模型试验和数据分析,揭示出多排多列桩情况下的厚承台受力特点和破坏模式,通过试验验证了16桩承台同样符合空间桁架模型的受力特点,承台底部钢筋尽量布置在桩顶范围内有利于提高承台的极限承载能力,为建立在复杂荷载作用下承台统一的内力计算方法提供试验依据.     

Automotive structure vibration with component mode synthesis on a multi-level

The recursive component mode synthesis method (RCMS) has been implemented for the finite element analysis model of an automobile structure as an efficient free vibration analysis tool. The RCMS method is intended to obtain a better performance relative to the block Lanczos method, which is a traditional method in the industry of obtaining eigenvalues, while obtaining the acceptable accuracy. A numerical example of the automobile finite element model demonstrates the outstanding performance of RCMS compared to the block Lanczos method.     

环形钢筋互插带托板湿接缝疲劳性能试验

为简化桥面板湿接缝现浇作业,提出一种环向钢筋互插带托板湿接缝.由于桥面板主要承受往复受车辆荷载,以试验方法对该湿接缝的疲劳性能进行研究,在疲劳试验各主要时刻停机进行了静载试验研究.试验发现,疲劳加载过程中构件的刚度基本未发生变化,且未产生明显裂缝;对比疲劳试验过程中的静载试验结果,发现构件的刚度并未发生明显变化;疲劳加...     

济南经十路SMA混合料的质量控制

SMA属于间断级配沥青混合料,它依靠大量粗集料形成嵌挤并通过沥青玛蹄脂填充而形成高性能沥青路面,其设计与验证依然沿用马歇尔试验方法,另附加了其他试验方法以弥补马歇尔法的不足。SMA设计必须对其混合料是否形成嵌挤进行验证。