建立现代高职教育的课程观念

现代科学技术和社会经济的发展,对我国高职教育提出了新的要求.不仅需要培养学生具备一定深度和广度的基础知识、专业知识,以及动手解决实际问题的能力,还必须对经济环境、社会环境、公共政策、人际关系、道德规范以及自然环境有一定了解与适应能力.然而,传统的课程观念过分强调学科,忽视技术的应用性.教学过程则注重知识的积累而忽略能力的培养;重理论推导,轻实际应用,理论与生产实际脱节;教学内容陈旧,不适应现代化经济建设和社会发展的需要.因此,高职教育工作者应建立适应时代发展的课程观念,改变课程过分强调学科体系,脱离时代和社会发展以及束缚学生个性发展的状况.     

矢量型电子河道图岸线提取方法研究

为快速准确获取河道岸形线的数据,生成缺乏岸线数据资料的河道矢量型轮廓图,提出一种通过处理雷达图像获取矢量型电子河道图岸形线数据的方法。采用了数学形态学方法实施对雷达图像处理,主要的处理过程包括:雷达图像灰度处理,灰度雷达图像转变为二值图像,二值雷达图像的滤波处理,在以上处理过程的基础上构造了数学形态学结构元素,实施对河道岸线提取,并矢量化处理了离散点。在二值化过程中提出新的方法,针对雷达图像的特点,依据航路规则设计了特殊的滤波过程,提出了提取河道任意边缘的方法。     

暗挖电力隧道对邻近既有桥梁桩基的影响分析

对成都市某暗挖电力隧道穿越邻近桥梁桩基问题建立二维有限元模型,分析了隧道开挖在不同的隧道埋深、隧道与桩基中心距下对邻近桥梁桩基的影响规律。分析结果表明:在桩隧中心距小于一定范围时,开挖对桩基的影响很大;桩身最大水平变形和最大弯矩的位置随着隧道埋深变化而变化,且当隧道埋深位于桩中上部时,桩身最大水平变形和最大弯矩相对较大。     

超声波检测预应力波纹管孔道压浆质量的试验研究

针对应用超声波检测预应力波纹管孔道压浆质量的问题,通过人为对波纹管孔道设置缺陷,在波纹管孔道全空、1/4密实、1/2密实、3/4密实、完全密实并埋入混凝土板中的各种情况下,再使用超声波检测。试验结果证明:超声波法可有效评价预应力波纹管孔道的压浆质量。     

回收聚酯纤维沥青混合料路用性能试验研究

对普通沥青混合料、常规聚酯纤维沥青混合料、回收聚酯纤维沥青混合料的路用性能进行了研究分析。通过沥青混合料的高温性能、水稳定性及疲劳性能试验，对比了常规聚酯纤维与回收聚酯纤维对沥青混合料路用性能的改善效果。研究结果表明沥青混合料中掺入2种聚酯纤维后，其路用性能具有明显的改善，其中对高温性能和疲劳性能的改善幅度最大，而对水稳定性的改善幅度较小。回收聚酯纤维的路用性能改善效果弱于常规聚酯纤维。     

运用微机监测道岔电流曲线分析提速道岔故障

S700K电动转辙机正常道岔动作电流曲线与故障情况下动作电流曲线的对比观察,能及时发现道岔存在的隐患,以便查明原因,有针对性地采取消除措施,有效地提高现场设备的运用质量。     

超声频脉冲等离子切割电弧振动特性研究

高频脉冲等离子电弧挺度大、穿透能力强、切割质量与效率高、应用前景好.本研究设计了一种超声频脉冲等离子切割电弧发生系统,并通过实际切割试验,测试、分析了这种高频脉冲电弧的振动特性.试验结果表明：超声频脉冲调制作用有效地激发等离子切割电弧和割件产生了超声频振动,其振动强度与激励脉冲电流频率和幅值紧密相关.     

浅谈地质条件复杂区域桥梁基础施工阶段补充地质勘探

主要针对灰岩地区因其地质条件复杂,在桥梁设计阶段有时难以搞清桥址区地质情况,介绍了太古高速公路S7标三岔口汾河大桥桩基施工时进行逐桩钻探的地质勘查方法,对复杂地质条件下桥梁基础设计、施工积累了经验。     

Review of Secure Communication Approaches for In-Vehicle Network

In the connected vehicles, connecting interfaces bring threats to the vehicles and they can be hacked to impact the vehicles and drivers. Compared with traditional vehicles, connected vehicles require more information transfer. Sensor signals and critical data must be protected to ensure the cyber security of connected vehicles. The communications among ECUs, sensors, and gateways are connected by in-vehicle networks. This paper discussed the state-of-art techniques about secure communication for in-vehicle networks. First, the related concepts in automotive secure communication have been provided. Then we have compared and contrasted existing approaches for secure communication. We have analyzed the advantages/disadvantages of MAC and digital signatures for message authentication and compared the performance and limitations of different cryptographic algorithms. Firewall and intrusion detection system are introduced to protect the networks. The constraints and features of different intrusion detection approaches are presented. After that, the technical requirements for cryptographic mechanism and intrusion detection policy are concluded. Based on the review of current researches, the future development directions of the automotive network security have been discussed. The purpose of this paper is to review current techniques on automotive secure communication and suggest suitable secure approaches to implement on the in-vehicle networks.     

Analysis on Ground Surface Deformation and Influence of Construction Parameters Caused by Two Different Shield Machines in Double-tube Tunnelling北大核心CSCD

Based on a shield-driven running tunnel project of Hangzhou Metro Line 2, this paper carries out field measuring of the ground surface deformation caused by two different shield machines in double-tube tunnelling in soft soil areas, obtains the laws of the surface deformation caused by shield-driven double-tube tunnelling and verifies the applicability of the modified Peck formula to double-tube tunnelling. The results show that in soft soil areas the impacts on ground surface deformation caused by different shield construction parameters in the previously and subsequently excavated tunnels are different, while the surface deformation changes sharply before and after the shield machine passing through the cutting face, and a rebound phenomenon occurs when the shield tail passes through the cutting face due to the influence of the grouting; The cutterhead torque of the shield machine in soft soil areas can be composed of five calculation factors, and the calculation results are in good agreement with the measured values. The larger the opening rate of the shield cutterhead is, the larger the average torque value will be, the higher the percentage of large ground loss rate will be, and the larger the maximum ground surface settlement will be; The ratio of cutterhead torque T to mucking volume per ring Q is used as the control parameter for analyzing the ground surface settlement, and a certain positive correlation between the ratio and the surface settlement value is determined, the smaller the cutterhead opening rate is, the more accurate the fitting results will be. © 2022, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.