基于UKF联邦滤波的动力定位船舶运动状态估计

针对动力定位船舶,采用基于无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)的联邦滤波技术,利用多种位置参考系统和电罗经的测量值来实现对船舶运动状态的估计。从传感器测量原理出发,采用非线性的测量方程,实现对多种位置参考系统传感器特征的描述,利用UKF滤波方法和联邦滤波结构将动力定位船舶配备的多个冗余位置参考系统的测量数据进行有效融合,从而提高对船舶运动状态估计的精度和可靠性。仿真结果表明,采用基于UKF的联邦滤波方法可以有效实现对动力定位船舶相关运动状态的估计。     

软刚臂单点系泊装置监测预报系统的设计及实现

为进一步保障浮式生产储油装置(FPSO)的作业安全,通过海洋环境条件测量、FPSO运动和单点系泊系统(SPM)状态监测以及理论计算等手段,实现了软刚臂单点系泊监测预报系统的方案设计,并成功应用于渤海油田。经现场应用验证,该系统能够实现对FPSO及SPM运行情况的监测,为作业者提供FPSO操作指导及预警,有效的降低了作业风险。     

高频雷达信号的双线性时频分布性能研究

针对海杂波背景下高频地波雷达的目标探测问题,采用时频分析方法研究对海杂波中的非平稳多分量目标探测。讨论了海杂波背景下的目标检测问题,以及信号的双线性时频分布,通过仿真研究了时频分布性能,尤其是核函数抑制多分量目标的交叉项作用。仿真结果显示,伪Wigner-Ville分布较Wigner-Ville分布对于交叉项的抑制作用较大,而平滑伪Wigner-Ville分布降低交叉项的效果更好。     

Simulation of hydrodynamic performance of drag and double reverse propeller podded propulsors

The unsteady performance of drag and double reverse propeller podded propulsors in open water was numerically simulated using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. A moving mesh method was used to more realistically simulate propulsor working conditions, and the thrust, torque, and lateral force coefficients of both propulsors were compared and analyzed. Forces acting on different parts of the propulsors along with the flow field distribution of steady and unsteady results at different advance coefficients were compared. Moreover, the change of the lateral force and the difference between the abovementioned two methods were mainly analyzed. It was shown that the thrust and torque results of both methods were similar, with the lateral force results having the highest deviation     

钱塘江上游散货船标准船型研究

散货船标准化,有利于发挥水运基础设施的作用,保障船舶航行安全。文中研究了钱塘江上游的航道现状、散货船的主尺度系列及推进效率。研究结果表明,散货船的双机双桨船型比单机单桨船型更节能。     

含裂纹加筋板在压缩载荷下的剩余极限强度试验研究

在老龄化引起的船舶结构安全性问题中,裂纹损伤是结构强度衰减的一个重要因素。文章采用逐步加载法对含裂纹损伤的加筋板压缩剩余极限强度进行试验研究。设计六种典型的穿透裂纹损伤加筋板,对损伤试件进行轴向压缩试验。通过改变裂纹尺寸、位置及倾角参数并根据试验观测结果,探讨了不同裂纹参数下加筋板的屈曲破坏特点和对剩余极限强度影响。试验结果表明,不同的裂纹长度以及裂纹位置改变加筋板结构承载力的分布,影响结构应力应变场,进而改变其失效崩溃模式;倾角为45°的裂纹相对于垂直于加筋的裂纹对加筋板结构的剩余极限强度影响较小,此外初始缺陷对结构的剩余极限强度的影响也不容忽视。     

燃气蒸汽式弹射内弹道研究

燃气-蒸汽式弹射方式以其结构简单、温度适中、压力输出平稳等优点,被越来越广泛地应用到水下运载器的发射系统中,深入研究燃气-蒸汽式弹射装置的内流场对弹射装置的设计、改进具有重要意义.本文通过采用3种不同仿真模型对燃气-蒸汽式弹射内弹道进行计算,结果表明:对流场进行仿真计算时应同时引入汽化模型和组分输运模型,其仿真结果与实际情况更为相符.汽化模型对流场温度的影响比对压力和速度的影响更为明显.研究成果可为燃气-蒸汽式弹射装置的设计与改进提供理论支撑.     

潜射超空泡射弹出水的流体力学现象的实验研究

对带有超空泡的潜射射弹出水过程的流体力学现象进行了实验研究。用高速摄影机拍摄了射弹模型出水的全过程,清晰地观察了射弹在航行中空泡的发展、脱落与自由面相互作用及溃灭过程,分析了空泡对射弹出水姿态的影响。通过测量射弹的速度,发现出水时射弹的速度有时会呈突增现象,进一步了解了潜射射弹出水的复杂过程。     

海底管道J形铺设张紧器的张紧力计算分析

对海底管道建立微段和整体的力学模型,通过MATLAB编程求解顶部张紧器应提供给管道的张紧力。对比编程计算和Abaquas数值模拟结果,验证编程求解代替软件模拟计算的可行性和便捷性。探讨海域水深、管道入水角度、管重对张紧力的影响,结果表明,增加铺设水深和单位长度管重,所需张紧力增加;而增加铺设角度,所需张紧力相应减小。     

Incorporating the extended theory of planned behavior in a school travel mode choice model: a case study of Shaoxing,China

Travel to and from school can have social, economic, and environmental implications for students and their parents. Therefore, understanding school travel mode choice behavior is essential to find policy-oriented approaches to optimizing school travel mode share. Recent research suggests that psychological factors of parents play a significant role in school travel mode choice behavior and the Multiple Indicators and Multiple Causes (MIMIC) model has been used to test the effect of psychological constructs on mode choice behavior. However, little research has used a systematic framework of behavioral theory to organize these psychological factors and investigate their internal relationships. This paper proposes an extended theory of planned behavior (ETPB) to delve into the psychological factors caused by the effects of adults’ cognition and behavioral habits and explores the factors’ relationship paradigm. A theoretical framework of travel mode choice behavior for students in China is constructed. We established the MIMIC model that accommodates latent variables from ETPB. We found that not all the psychological latent variables have significant effects on school travel mode choice behavior, but habit can play an essential role. The results provide theoretical support for demand policies for school travel.