An ERP approach for container terminal operating systems

The major characteristics of ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) are an enterprise-wide system that covers all the business functions and information resources, integrated database, built-in best industry practice, packaged software and open architecture. ERP enables reduction of system development time, flexibility, standardization of workflow and effective business planning capability. ERP is mainly for the manufacturing industry. However, the principles of ERP can also be applied to container terminal operating systems. This paper presents an ERP system approach for a container terminal. It has clustered the workflow of a container terminal and analysed the business process to generate the best workflows. The integrated database is designed to eliminate redundancy and keep integration. The core of ERP for container terminal is the planning facility such as berth planning and yard planning. The planning capability is very tightly coupled with data flow from client entities such as shipping companies. The ERP can handle the existing problems of container terminal operation that are mainly caused by lack of integration of a whole information resource in a container terminal, ad-hoc and poor planning capability, disconnected and incorrect data from client companies. The ERP approach can not only resolve the problems of container terminals but also promote adoption of information systems for container terminals in the world that have not yet implemented terminal operating systems.     

Objective evaluation of the sound quality of the warning sound of electric vehicles with a consideration of the masking effect: Annoyance and detectability

This study developed a method to evaluate the sound quality of the warning sound masked by background noise considering the masking effect. The warning sound of an electric vehicle is required by law for the safety of pedestrians. Therefore, the warning sound becomes an additional noise pollution source if it is designed as an annoyance. On the other hand, if the sound is designed with a low sound pressure level, pedestrians will not recognize the approach of vehicle due to background noise. To avoid nose pollution and permit the detectability of an approaching vehicle, a method for evaluating the annoyance and detectability of an electric vehicle is required. In this paper, the whine index evaluating the whine sound masked by the background was developed and used as a sound metric. This metric was employed for the development of an annoyance index and detectability index for electric vehicles.     

隧道钢管钢架与传统格栅钢架受力特性对比试验研究

针对传统格栅钢架和自主设计的4肢钢管钢架支护结构，利用Abaqus通用有限元软件，综合考虑钢管厚度、构件质量、材料成本等因素，系统开展2种隧道支护结构在单独受荷和共同受荷条件下的极限承载力、抗弯刚度、弯曲挠度、破坏形态等力学特性及演化规律的对比试验研究。研究结果表明： 1)钢管钢架和格栅钢架在刚度、承载力、变形破坏形态等方面存在一定差异，在用钢量相同的情况下，钢管钢架具有更高的强度和抗弯刚度，结构变形和受力亦更加合理； 2)钢管钢架自身承载力受钢管壁厚参数影响较为显著，壁厚取值过小会明显降低其承载力，但当壁厚达到一定数值时，继续增加壁厚对提高构件整体强度和抗弯刚度有限，同时会相应增加构件质量和材料成本； 3)在单独受荷条件下，格栅钢架的承载力为445 kN·m，较钢管钢架构件PG-2低393%，此时钢管钢架质量较格栅钢架略低，但每延米单价要高； 4)格栅钢架混凝土构件的极限荷载为174.6 kN·m，较钢管钢架混凝土构件C+PG-2、C+PG-6的极限荷载分别低2.7 %、30.6 %； 5)钢管钢架对于早期变形速度较大的围岩具有较好的适用性。     

水工大体积混凝土裂缝成因与防裂措施

大体积混凝土的施工质量的好坏直接影响项目功能的实现。分析了水工大体积混凝土裂缝的形成原因;提出了对大体积混凝土开裂的控制以预防为主,并从原材料、配合比以及施工控制三方面控制混凝土开裂的方法;最后对混凝土开裂后的处理方法进行了讨论。     

A route guidance system considering travel time unreliability

Under a stochastic roadway, drivers need a route guidance system incorporating travel time variability. To recommend a customized path depending on the trip purpose and the driver’s risk-taking behavior, various path ranking methods have been developed. Unlike those methods, our proposed disutility method can easily incorporate a target arrival time in the ranking process by measuring how late the travel is and by penalizing it depending on the severity of lateness. In addition, the disutility-based route guidance system can properly address travel time unreliability that causes unacceptable disruptions to the driver’s schedule (i.e., unexpected long delay). We compare the disutility-based path ranking method with other ranking methods, the percentile travel time, the mean excess travel time, and the on-time arrival probability. We show that the disutility has stronger discriminating power and requires less solution space to find an optimal path. The most important advantage is that it can estimate a driver’s risk-taking behavior for each trip purpose by using the discrete choice analysis. We construct a simulation framework to acquire the travel time data on a hypothetical roadway. We analyze the data and show how various ranking methods recommend a customized path. Using the data, we show the advantage of the disutiltiy method over the other methods, which is generating a customized path with respect to the target arrival time by properly penalizing the travel time lateness.     

车辆滚装船技术经济评价指标分析及论证

给出一种特殊船型——车辆滚装船的船型特点、用途及其技术经济指标的选取。针对这种特殊船型的实际工况,给出相应的技术经济评价指标并对传统国标法(GB11697-89)进行了修正,同时对未来船型的发展进行了展望。实践表明,将修正后的技术经济指标评价体系应用于上述特殊船型进行方案评价时是适用的和可靠的。     

基于RS485的摆式列车通信系统及其试验研究

阐述了摆式列车通信系统基本工作原理，介绍了采用ＲＳ４８５ 差分总线结构设计构造的试验型摆式列车通信网，并提出了相应的通信协议。实车通信试验证明，该简易通信网络能满足摆式列车实车运行的实时性与可靠性要求。     

船体梁抗弯能力的计算

在船舶纵弯曲强度的可靠性分析中,需要计算船体梁的抗弯能力,本文提供一种实用计算方法。在此方法中取材料厚度(或剖面积)和屈服限、弹性模量等均为随机变量,利用随机函数的线性化原理,求得船体断面几何要素以及抗弯能力的统计特征值。文中还介绍了国产船用钢材的厚度和屈服极限的变异系数,并利用组合梁模型试验资料对采用梁模型带来的计算误差及其修正办法作了讨论。该计算方法采用了造船人员熟悉的常规强度计算中的格式,便于在船舶设计中应用。     

从设计角度谈提高铁路客站旅客安全出行的几点措施

随着我国铁路科学、高效的发展与建设,铁路旅客站房也随即进入了高密度设计与投入使用时期。旅客站房作为一个重要的交通节点设施,为旅客的安全出行提供服务。其与城市各种交通方式接驳、换乘,客流量大、客流密集、流线复杂,安全问题尤为突出。以铁路旅客车站设计为出发点,从色彩系统、引导标识系统、细部构造3个方面阐述提高旅客安全出行的可能,从不同角度寻求解决措施,使旅客站房能够更为安全地服务大众。     

捣固装置镐臂冷热装配工艺的分析与比较

为了解决镐臂孔与镐臂销装配过程中出现的因氧乙炔加热造成零件表面底漆、腻子烧伤,后续处理困难的问题,对捣固车捣固装置镐臂冷热装配工艺进行了实验,并通过对实验过程进行分析与比较,找出影响因素,探讨实施冷装的可行性。