浮式生产储油装置(FPSO)技术经济评价指标分析及论证

文章简述了一种特殊船型--浮式生产储油装置的特点、功能及其技术经济指标的选取.针对这种特殊船型的实际工况,给出相应的技术经济评价指标,并对传统国标(GB11697-89)提出了修正意见.实践表明,修正后的技术经济指标评价体系应用于FPSO的评价是适用的和可靠的.     

水库地质问题浅析

本文根据详实的资料,从大地构造单元上论证了白石水库工程地质问题的一个方面——水库诱发地震的可能性问题。在评价中,结合岩石(体)试验数据从微观上进行说明。     

甘肃省职业教育市场化发展战略研究

职业教育迎来了空前好的发展机遇,甘肃职业教育也随之取得了长足的进步,但同时也存在不少问题.本文在对此分析的基础上,从市场化的角度提出了甘肃职业教育的发展思路.     

大连湾特大桥桩基溶洞处理

对大连湾特大桥桩基溶洞的技术处理进行了探讨。     

HCCI汽油机试验台架及其控制系统开发

基于1台双缸汽油机的改造搭建了HCCI汽油发动机试验台架及其控制系统.该系统基于不同的控制策略,可实现发动机不同的运行模式,同时可对缸压、离子电流等参数进行采集.试验结果表明,该发动机可成功实现从单缸SI模式过渡至另一缸HCCI模式的切换;控制系统可根据两缸的特点对空燃比、点火相位等参数进行有效控制,满足HCCI试验的基本要求.     

应用结构可靠性原理研究船舶纵弯曲强度

本文第一部分综述了结构可靠性原理,以及用以进行结构安全检验的全概率法、第二水平法和第一水平法。为便于实际应用和利用尽可能多的概率信息,较详细地讨论了第二水平法。第二部分对于船舶纵弯曲的屈服失效模式,简要地阐述了如何建立船体梁的载荷效应和抗弯能力的概率模型,以及如何应用这三种方法的基本途径。最后强调指出了应用可靠性原理制订船舶结构安全检验新规则的重要性和进一步应做的工作。     

高地应力软岩隧道圆形断面扩挖施工围岩及支护受力特征研究

针对高地应力软岩隧道开挖时围岩大变形问题,以某隧道圆形扩挖段为背景,采用三台阶法施工和3层初期支护+小导管注浆+二次衬砌的复合结构支护,并通过现场监测、数值模拟和理论计算研究开挖过程中的围岩变形及支护结构受力。结果表明:上、中台阶开挖时的隧道围岩变形速率较大,在仰拱封闭和第3层初期支护施作完成后,隧道变形趋于稳定;采用3层初期支护结构可有效改善隧道周边围岩应力,3层初期支护基本都是受压结构,拱腰和边墙处竖向应力最大,拱顶处水平应力最大;二次衬砌拱腰、拱顶、拱脚和边墙处安全系数均大于规范要求,保证隧道结构安全。     

聚氨酯前驱体基化学改性沥青及其改性机理

环保耐久材料的研究与应用对实现道路工程可持续发展具有重大的意义,采用以异氰酸酯为活性官能团的聚氨酯前驱体基反应型改性剂（PRM）制备改性沥青在环境保护和性能提升方面展现出了显著价值。采用"微观-介观-宏观"的跨尺度表征方法,对PRM改性机制进行了详细分析。通过与SBS改性沥青进行对照,评价了PRM改性沥青的流变学性能和抗热氧老化性能,明确了PRM改性沥青混合料的路用性能。研究结果表明：PRM改性过程存在明显化学变化,依托于改性过程中生成的氨基甲酸酯和脲等官能团,能够在沥青内部建立基于沥青质组分的共价交联网络结构。这一过程不仅促使沥青组分发生选择性聚集和沥青质重新构型,同时增大了沥青的表面自由能,从而获得更加稳定的内部结构。PRM改性沥青较基质沥青温度敏感性有所降低,展现出了良好的抵抗高温永久变形、抵抗疲劳破坏、抵抗低温开裂和抵抗热氧老化的能力。与SBS改性沥青相比,PRM在提升沥青高温性能、抗疲劳性能和抗热氧老化性能方面具有明显优势,并有望将改性沥青生产温度降低至140℃~150℃。结合沥青混合料路用性能测试结果,2.5%改性剂掺量PRM改性沥青混合料展现了与4%改性剂掺量SBS改性沥青混合料相当的低温性能、更好的高温性能和水稳定性能,PRM在提升沥青混合料路用性能方面具有显著优势。     

Shape optimization of a torsion beam axle for improving vehicle handling performance

In this study, shape optimization was conducted for a vehicle’s rear suspension torsion beam to improve its dynamic handling performance. To determine the design variables affecting the vehicle roll characteristics, a sensitivity analysis was conducted using the result of a Taguchi experiment with 6 factors in 8 runs. The upper and lower-flange lengths and web thickness of the torsion beam section, as well as the vertical height difference between the inner and outer of torsion beams, were determined as design variables through sensitivity analysis of the opposite wheel travel test for optimization of the torsion beam axle. The Box–Behnken experimental design with 4 factors and 27 runs was performed using the selected design variables and by performing opposite wheel travel analysis according to the experimental design, and the response surface functions of the roll stiffness, roll steer coefficient, roll center height, and mass of the torsion beam were generated. Using these response functions, shape optimization was conducted for the torsion beam of the rear suspension system. Dynamic performance analysis was performed by applying the optimized H-shaped torsion beam to the rear suspension of the vehicle dynamics model, and it was validated that the dynamic response performance of the optimized vehicle was improved.     

Investigation of turbulent flows in a waterjet intake duct using stereoscopic PIV measurements

Stereoscopic particle image velocimetry measurements were made in a wind tunnel using a prototype waterjet model. The main wind tunnel provided the vehicle velocity and a secondary wind tunnel was set up as the waterjet propulsion model. Pressure distributions along the ramp and lip sides inside the duct were measured for three jet velocity to vehicle velocity ratios. Three-dimensional velocity fields were obtained at the intake entrance and the nozzle exit of the waterjet system. The flow into the duct was faster in the lip region than on the ramp side. Because of the variation in intake geometry from a rectangular to a circular section and because of the sudden curvature change on the lip side, a pair of counter-rotating vortices was observed in the mean velocity field at the nozzle exit. In addition, the turbulent kinetic energy correlated with the vortex pair was stronger on the lip side than in other areas. Dominant large-scale structures were extracted by using a snapshot proper orthogonal decomposition analysis. It was found that most of the turbulent kinetic energy was attributed to at least three vortices near the nozzle exit. This detailed three-dimensional velocity field will be useful for the verification of CFD simulations applied to the waterjet system.