基于小波能谱系数的声发射源特征提取方法研究

研究了基于小波能谱系数的声发射源特征提取方法,利用小波变换对典型声发射源的波形信号进行了分析,获取其频域特征.采用小波能谱系数描述信号能量在每个频率范围的分布情况,以区别各种不同的声发射源.利用该方法对港口链斗卸船机现场测试获取的裂纹声发射信号进行了小波分析和特征提取,结果表明,该方法能合理地描述缺陷的声发射特征.     

舰船电力系统矩形汇流排集肤效应的数值计算

对舰船电力系统矩形汇流排的集肤效应进行了研究,通过理论分析和数值计算推导了求解矩形导体电流密度的数值方法,并给出了求解电流密度的矩阵表达式.对5 mm宽的矩形铜制汇流排的集肤效应进行了仿真计算,其结果与试验结果一致,证明了文中数值方法的可行性及精确性.     

Analysis of the performance of the evaporator of automotive air conditioning system

The purpose of this research was to establish a theoretical model for the evaporator of automotive air conditioning system and conducting simulations to evaluate the effect of operation parameters, environmental conditions, and design parameters on the performance of evaporator. An automotive air conditioning system primarily consists of four components: the compressor, the condenser, the refrigerant controller, and the evaporator. The refrigerant flow in the evaporator can be divided into two regions: the evaporating region and the superheat region. The refrigerant in the first region is a two-phase flow, while the refrigerant in the latter region is in the state of superheated vapor. The air flowing through the interior of the evaporator can also be divided into two zones: the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone. Water vapor is condensed in the saturated zone while in the unsaturated zone, no water condenses. Because the refrigerant flow and the airflow are perpendicular to each other, the distribution of refrigerant in the evaporating region and the superheat region does not coincide with the distribution of air in the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone. This study examines the effects of different design parameters, environmental conditions and operating parameters on the cooling capacity and superheat of an air conditioning system. Design parameters include the length of the refrigerant channel, the length of the air channel, and the thickness of the fins. Environmental conditions include the air inlet temperature and absolute humidity. Operation conditions include the refrigerant inlet enthalpy, inlet air flow rate, and refrigerant mass flow rate. Results of simulation demonstrated that fins with 50 micron meters width has the greatest cooling capacity for identical outer dimensions; thicker or thinner fins only decreased cooling capacity. Under different outer dimensions, longer refrigerant tubes and air channels created a greater cooling capacity. However, the increase in cooling capacity becomes less and less if the refrigerant flow was fixed because the heat transfer capability of the gaseous refrigerant was limited. In this study, an increase of 19% in cooling capacity can be reached as the length of refrigerant channels was increased, and the increased length of the air channels can promote the cooling capacity by 22%. Besides, it was found in this study that a decrease in the refrigerant inlet enthalpy, the inlet air flow rate, the air inlet temperature, and the inlet absolute humidity, or an increase in the refrigerant mass flow rate, would extend the superheat region and decrease the refrigerant’s superheat. It was also found that the cooling capacity of air conditioners is extremely sensitive to changes in the refrigerant mass flow rate and the inlet enthalpy, and variations more than 50% were found in the operating ranges examined in this study. However, changes in the inlet temperature, absolute humidity, and inlet air flow rate only resulted in variations between 10% and 20% in the examined ranges of conditions. Finally, a correlation among these variables and the simulated cooling capacity was obtained in this study, enabling the relevant researchers to evaluate automotive air conditioning performance under different environmental conditions and operation parameters more easily.     

基于Matlab的混联式混合动力电动汽车的行星齿轮模型分析

利用在Matlab对混联式混合动力汽车进行建模仿真,将整车分为5个子模型,分别是车辆动力学模型、行星齿轮模型、发动机模型、能量管理模型和电力驱动模型,并对混合动力汽车动力系统的动力耦合部件——行星齿轮机构进行了仿真分析。     

大跨度地下洞室集成化围岩分类体系构建及可视化程序实现

文章通过整合目前国内外常用的围岩分类方法,对各分类方法评价指标、评价标准进行了相关性分析研究,从内核建立了分类方法等效换算公式、经验性关联图表;且针对大跨度地下洞室工程扰动影响作用的显著特征,依据"有限性劣化"处理思路,提出了工程因素对围岩质量劣化效应的定量表示法,藉此构建了可反映工程因素影响的集成化围岩分类体系;应用VB.Net语言编制了"大跨度地下洞室集成化围岩分类体系(IRMCS)"可视化程序。该程序可实现"一次输入,多种分类方法评价结果输出";最后,以大岗山水电站主厂房顶拱厂横0-60~0+166m围岩为例,应用该程序对其围岩分类、稳定性结果、支护建议予以综合评价,分析结果与实际情况吻合度较好。     

针对地铁车辆轴箱轴承寿命的二维计算方法

地铁车辆的载荷线路工况复杂多变,而传统轴箱轴承计算方法在计算轴承寿命时仅以定值载荷描述车辆的载荷工况,采用单一的冲击载荷系数修正车辆运行线路工况对轴承寿命的影响,无法反映出轴承使用工况的复杂性,导致计算出的轴承寿命与实际偏差较大。为此,提出了基于车辆载荷工况和线路工况的二维寿命计算方法,将轴承寿命表达为载荷和线路工况及其相应概率的函数,从而确保所得的轴承寿命值与实际值更加接近。根据某地铁线路实际运行工况,利用二维寿命计算方法计算出轴承疲劳寿命为1.596 Mkm,而相比采用传统轴承寿命计算方法计算出轴承疲劳寿命为3.652 Mkm,前者比后者下降了56.3%。     

基于模式搜索法高精度矫正钢轨磨耗测量的定位偏差

为保证车辆与钢轨具有较理想的轮轨接触关系钢轨需定期打磨,打磨量是一个重要指标。为获取打磨量,需在打磨前后各测量一次钢轨,这两次测量中仪器定位位置可能不同,从而计算出的打磨量会有较大误差。针对这种误差提出一种仪器定位误差矫正方法,并将该法编程嵌入到轮轨测量分析软件中,经仿真测试及实测仪器验证,该法能高精度地矫正误差。     

CAN总线技术在纯电动客车上的应用

简述电动汽车的特点,说明CAN总线技术在电动汽车领域的应用情况,重点介绍某纯电动客车上的CAN总线技术应用的结构设计。     

乘用车空调进气格栅的结构设计研究

空调进气格栅最关键的设计要素是美观性及功能性。对影响美观的与前风窗玻璃及侧围翼板的多种交界方式进行分析比较,并收集了各种车型的实用信息。关于功能性方面,介绍了格栅的水管理及通风功能的一些设计思路和方法。     

关于城市高架快速路工程快速化施工的探讨

以宁波南北环快速路为工程背景,尝试从项目前期阶段、施工期间交通组织、预制化施工等方面探讨城市高架快速路的快速化施工,以缩短工程建设周期、减少对周边交通、居民生活的干扰以及环境污染等,相关结论可供类似工程参考。