上荆江河段客观因子碍航程度的加权评价

在对上荆江客观碍航因子进行调研分析的基础上,针对各客观因子的碍航程度,结合其多维性、模糊性的特点,将层次分析(AHP)和模糊综合评价这两种方法有机结合起来,对各种碍航因子进行加权和综合评价.这种模糊层次评价方法(FAHP)将定性分析与定量分析的方法相结合,弥补了单纯层次分析法的不足,对综合评价碍航程度具有良好的参考价值.     

Investigation on blanking of thick sheet metal using the ductile fracture initiation and propagation criterion

In metal forming processes such as sheet blanking, severe plastic deformation localizes in a narrow shear band near blanking clearance, and ductile fracture occurs at the final stage. Because the combinations of large nonlinear strain localization, displacement discontinuity and ductile fracture brought obstacles to numerical simulation, a ductile fracture initiation criterion model and an elasto-plastic finite element method (FEM) were presented to simulate localized severe plastic deformation. Initiation and propagation of cracks were treated by deletion-and-replacement approach. The distributions and developing trends of effective strain and damage were predicted, the influence of blanking clearance on fracture was discussed, and an experiment was performed to explore the forming mechanism.     

Image fusion scheme based on nonsubsampled contourlet and block-based cosine transform

A kind of nonsubsampled contourlet and block-based cosine transform (NSCBCT) is developed, and its application in image fusion is studied in this paper. The construction of filtering banks is based on the nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) and block-based discrete cosine transform (B-DCT). We combine NSCT and B-DCT to design filters that lead to NSCBCT with better singularity representation than either of them in isolation. A design framework based on the hybrid approach is proposed, which allows for the fast implementation based on NSCT and B-DCT respectively. In addition, a new image fusion scheme based on NSCBCT for multispectral and panchromatic satellite images is proposed. Firstly, because it adopts NSCT, the fused satellite images have higher spatial resolution than those based on wavelets. Secondly, based on the localized high frequency information provided by B-DCT, the proposed fusion scheme can reduce the spectral distortion of the fused image further. Experimental results show that the proposed fusion method is able to increase the spatial resolution and reduce the spectral distortion of the fused image at the same time.     

路面平整度评价指标IRI的影响因素

研究了路面平整度标准评价指标——国际平整度指数(IRI)的计算模型和求解方法,找出了影响IRI精度的主要因素;利用数值模拟定量分析了位移传感器精度、数据采样间隔、评价距离、检测方向和检测车速等对IRI的影响。得出结论:提高位移传感器精度、减少数据采样间隔,可以较大提高IRI的测量精度;检测车速越接近理想车速,IRI测量精度越高;检测方向对IRI测量精度产生影响,但其影响较小。     

多路模拟量检测转换模块的设计与实现

本文介绍了一种基于单片机的多路模拟量检测转换模块,通过STC89C51单片机及其他模块对电压、电流和温度模拟量信号进行采集、转换、发送等一系列操作处理,实现模拟量数据的采集功能。该模块作为PLC的模拟量采集模块应用于PLC控制系统中,具有较强的实用性且在很大程度上降低了成本。     

CKZ6991EB型大客车动力系统存在问题及对策研究

重庆公交CKZ6991EB型天然气客车动力系统与实际运行工况不匹配,运行效率低。在保持原车变速器总成不变基础上,采用基于MATLAB平台的遗传算法,对该型客车驱动桥速比进行了优化设计。结果表明:采用速比为7.51的驱动桥能显著提高客车运行效率,且客车在坡道高密度区运行时经济性可获得改善。     

考虑初始缺陷和多种荷载作用的高墩稳定性分析

以连续刚构桥最大悬臂状态作为研究对象,同时考虑了高墩几何初始缺陷和多种荷载作用对其几何非线性稳定的影响。通过建立弹性稳定平衡微分方程和二阶分析两种方法,推导出墩顶偏位和墩底弯矩计算公式,以及把多种荷载作为初始缺陷计入墩顶偏位的近似计算公式,简化了高墩在复杂工况下的墩顶偏位、墩底弯矩和最大承载力的求解过程。计算结果与有限元分析吻合良好。     

材料特性对转向柱碰撞性能影响的仿真研究

针对驾驶员容易在汽车正面碰撞过程中受到转向系统伤害的问题,以微型轿车的转向柱为研究对象,运用显式动力学有限元理论,建立了转向柱碰撞有限元模型;根据方向盘的碰撞要求,对材料分别为低碳钢、铝合金和高强度钢的转向柱的碰撞性能进行了研究;对比分析了转向柱的变形形态、运动位移、速度和吸能量。结果表明:铝合金和高强度钢在碰撞过程中的变形形态、变形量、碰撞时间以及吸能能力等方面均优于低碳钢,说明通过提高材料强度的方式改善转向柱的碰撞性能是可行的。研究成果为汽车转向柱的设计和碰撞性能的提高提供了依据。     

硬岩中塔柱式车站合理埋深及结构净距研究

我国地铁在北京、上海以及广州等地以砂土松散地层为主,地铁车站暗挖施工主要采用复合式衬砌结构型式。对于在中-微风化硬岩中修建地铁车站,如何充分利用围岩本身条件,因地制宜十分必要。在不同围岩条件下,对不同埋深、结构净距车站选择合适的支护结构（如锚喷支护）型式,不仅可节约成本,还可节省工期。结合青岛地铁3号线硬岩特点,采用有限差分数值软件,研究在不同埋深以及不同结构净距条件下,地铁车站开挖过程中围岩状态以及塑性区分布规律,结合三维数值模型进行节点检验,提出硬岩中地铁塔柱式车站采用不同支护结构型式的合理埋深和结构净距建议值。     

基于有限元的复合结构气囊隔振器静态特性研究

为进一步降低气囊隔振器垂向和横向刚度,减小其横垂刚度比,提高隔振效果,在气囊下端串联弹性元件形成复合结构气囊隔振器.建立有限元模型对其气压-载荷、垂向静刚度、横向静刚度等静态特性进行研究.为提高分析准确性,用三维实体单元模拟气囊囊壁,并对模型进行优化处理.生产样机进行试验验证,试验结果与有限元结果误差较小,表明该建模方...