基于循环分辨分析的湍流特征参数计算法

采用不同的孔板结构和不同的驱动电机转速在定容燃烧弹内生成具有不同的湍流特性参数的气流 ,并用热线风速仪进行了测量。在循环分辨分析的基础上 ,计算分析了它们各自的湍流强度、积分时间尺度和时频谱密度。结果表明 ,电机转速越大 ,孔板总通孔面积越小 ,则湍流越强 ,积分时间尺度越小 ;对于不同的孔板结构和电机转速 ,湍流能量分布明显不同。     

西部水路集装箱场场门式起重机选型

基于技术和经济两个方面的考虑讨论了西部水路集装箱堆场门式起重机的选型问题,简要介绍了该类型起重机的构造形式,给出了国内外近40种轮胎式集装堆场门式起重机的主要技术参数,分析了这些技术参数的选择原则,基于上述探讨对西部水路集装箱堆场门式起重机进行了选型,对今后西部集装箱运输业的发展有一定的参考意义。     

磁罗经自差半自动测校装置

提出一种磁罗经自差半自动测校方法，并从旋回法测定自差原理计算自差系数，安放磁棒位置和软铁数量，所用磁场传感器基本原理，罗经涡动误差的影响，半自动测校装置组成等方面，论证了研制磁罗经自差半自动测校装置的可能性。     

The History of the Transport Future—Evaluating Dutch Transport Scenarios of the Past

Abstract

This paper examines 42 business‐as‐usual (BAU) scenarios for future transport and traffic development in the Netherlands from the period 1970 to 2000. An important aspect of these scenarios is that they indicate the potential future state of the transport system if the policies in place at the time continue unchanged, thus raising issues which may require a policy response. This paper shows that in most of the important BAU transport scenario results of the past in the Netherlands, such as future car use and transport emissions, the policy makers were not misled. The prognoses for traffic congestion are an important exception as they underestimated the congestion problems that would arise. This paper shows that, based on the research it examines, BAU transport forecasting is an inaccurate practice. It is recommended that the BAU scenario designer communicates this high inaccuracy, enabling the policy maker to include the inherent future uncertainty in their decision‐making.     

A cluster analysis of cyclists in Europe: common patterns,behaviours, and attitudes

Transportation - This study uses cluster analysis on a sample of regular cyclists from six European countries (the U.K., the Netherlands, Sweden, Hungary, Italy, and Spain) to shed light on common...     

The value of travel time savings in freight transport: a meta-analysis

Transportation - The value of freight travel time savings (VFTTS) is a monetary value that is considered an important input into cost–benefit analysis and traffic forecasting. The VFTTS is...     

Do frequent satisfying trips by public transport impact its intended use in later life?

Transportation - Previous studies have indicated that factors such as the built environment, attitudes and past behaviour can influence travel behaviour. However, the possible effect of travel...     

预应力锚索地梁的内力计算

讨论了高边坡工程中预应力锚索地梁的内力按Winkler假定和弹性半无限地基梁计算等方法,通过工程实例对比了这些计算方法,并根据对计算结果的分析讨论了各自的适用条件.分析了锚索张拉阶段和工作阶段地梁的受力机理,提出应对这两个阶段分别计算地梁的内力,并建议了合理的验算方法.     

Factors contributing to bicycle–motorised vehicle collisions: a systematic literature review

Bicycle–motorised vehicle (BMV) collisions account for the majority of the recorded bicyclists’ fatalities and serious injuries. This systematic review intends to examine the main factors contributing to BMV collisions. We performed a comprehensive literature review on Scopus, TRID, ProQuest, and Web of Science databases. Fifty-nine English-language peer-reviewed articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final analysis. The main factors contributing to BMV collisions identified were classified in accordance with a recently published conceptual framework for road safety. The majority of studies have identified factors related to road users’ behaviour (59.3%) and infrastructure characteristics (57.6%). A minority of studies identified variables related to exposure (40.7%) and vehicles (15.3%) as contributor factors to BMV collisions. A small but significant proportion of studies (20.3%) provided evidence that environmental factors may also play a role, although to a lesser extent, in determining BMV collisions. In addition to the three factors comprised in the applied conceptual framework for road safety, we identified environmental conditions as a category of factors contributing to BMV collisions.     

Port competition in Latin America and the Caribbean: the role of concessions and competition policy

Appropriate port regulation and competitive forces tend to be related to higher levels of operational and economic performance of ports. From a policy-making perspective, pursuing efficiency and securing competition in ports to reach a level playing field is a two-step process requiring (1) ex-ante regulations to set the rules that maximize the competition for the market, especially when the policy objective is to attract private operations to ports on competitive concession processes and (2) ex-post competition policy to monitor and preserve competition in the market. This paper studies port regulation in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) from a competition perspective, analyzing both ex-ante and ex-post policies implemented in the region. The analysis reveals that the competitive environment in LAC is low, giving room for possible anticompetitive practices in the LAC port sector. Since the end of the 1990s, approximately 80% of container terminals in the region were granted to only five companies. Chile and Mexico have been found to be the best practices in the region, with better conditions assuring robust competition in the market. The main policy implication from this analysis is the need for a stronger involvement of antitrust agencies throughout the port concession processes.