文字学与古籍的翻译

汉字从古老的象形字发展而来。汉字的字形直接显示字义的全部或部分。汉字的特、点使汉语作，特别是古代典籍的英译有着特别的困难。译在翻译古代典籍的时候，必须具备一定的字学知识。     

船运散装液体化学品溢漏应急地理信息系统的研究

为了有效地减少船运散装液体化学品溢漏事故导致人身伤亡与环境污染，将目前方兴未艾的地理信息系统应用在船运散装液体化学品溢漏事故上，利用Mapinfo自带的二次开发工具MapBasic对船运散装液体化学品溢漏应急地理信息系统做开发研究，取得了实质性的进展。重点介绍了系统的实际开发创建过程（包括数学模型建立，数据库建立与管理，编程语言及其关键技术）以及系统所能实现的功能。希望能为国内外同行的研究提供参考。     

VAX集群和Novell网磁盘镜像在MIS中的应用

阐述了VAX集群和Novell网磁盘镜像系统LANshadow的性能,VAX集群系统软、硬件的组织结构;以“本溪专用铁路货运管理信息系统”的应用为例,论述了这两项技术在MIS中的应用。     

Intranet防火墙和安全

作者在文中阐述了Intranet防火墙系统及安全策略,重点论述了构建Intranet防火墙时所涉及的各种问题并给出防火墙系统拓扑结构和设计实例。     

Noisy demand and mode choice

Mode choice under stochastically varying demand is studied via a dynamic mathematical model which describes the behavioural interactions between population groups. The model is developed by assuming competing attractivity functions for automobile and public transit which motivate their use subject to an overall demand for transportation. When this demand is allowed to vary stochastically, a set of stochastic differential equations describing the model are obtained. These are solved for their steady-state values. It is found that noisy demand can structure the system qualitatively differently than when the demand is fixed. The noise is found to generally reduce the level of public transit ridership, but it also changes the values of the threshold at which new regimes occur and, most interestingly, it induces new steady-state solutions for ridership at critical values of the variance of demand. In the latter case, noise becomes a source of new possibilities in the system by triggering a steady-state solution not present in the noise-free environment.     

Valuing the Prevention of Road Accidents in Belgium

Abstract

In a recent international comparison of the social costs of road accidents, Trawén et al. (2003) noted that cost data are not available for Belgium and, by consequence, play no part in Belgian policy‐making. The purpose of the present paper is, therefore, to value the costs per casualty type and per accident in Belgium. Empirical data are provided on human and economic production losses as well as on direct accident costs such as medical costs, hospital visiting costs, accelerated funeral costs, property damage, administrative costs of insurance companies, litigation costs, police and fire department costs, and congestion costs. In Belgium the marginal unit value of preventing a road casualty is estimated at €2 004 799 per fatal casualty, €725 512 per seriously injured and €20 943 per slightly injured victim. The unit cost per accident amounts to €2 355 763, €850 033, €34 944 and €2571 for fatal, serious, slight injury and property damage only accidents, respectively. These results are consistent with valuations reported in other high‐income countries. Finally, the total costs of road accidents in 2002 are valued at €7.2 billion (2004 prices), or 2.6% of gross domestic product.     

极限工况下湿式制动器摩擦特性模拟仿真研究

文中在充分考虑全封闭湿式制动器多构层、有间隙结构特点的基础上,建立了全封闭湿式多盘制动器摩擦元件的有限元分析模型。分别从制动强度和制动时间两方面定义极限工况,进而来研究湿式制动器热源、温度场、应力场的特性及变化规律。建立了温度、应力与制动时间、摩擦盘半径的关系曲线,掌握湿式制动器温度场—热变形—热应力三者之间的影响规律并建立相关模型,对改进湿式制动器结构,为制动器冷却系统的设计及冷却时间的循环周期选取提供依据,对提高使用寿命有非常重要的指导意义。     

Predicting auto-ignition characteristics of RCCI combustion using a multi-zone model

The objective of new combustion concepts is to meet emission standards by improving fuel air mixing prior to ignition. Since there is no overlap between injection and ignition, combustion is governed mainly by chemical kinetics and it is challenging to control the phasing of ignition. Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) combustion aims to control combustion phasing by altering the fuel ratios of the high- and low octane fuel and injection timings. In this study the dual fuel blend is prepared with gasoline and diesel fuels. The applied injection timings of the diesel are very early (90 to 60° CA bTDC). In the detailed reaction mechanism, n-heptane and iso-octane represent diesel and gasoline fuel, respectively. A multi-zone model approach is implemented to perform RCCI combustion simulation. Ignition characteristics are analyzed by using CA50 as the main parameter. In the experiments for the early direct injection (DI) timing advancing the injection time results in a later ignition. Qualitatively, the trend effect of the diesel injection timing and the effect of the ratio gasoline/diesel are captured accurately by the multi-zone model.     

Activities,resources and inter-organizational relationships: key factors in port competitiveness

In the last decade, the port economics literature has given great emphasis to the Supply Chain Management approach as the new paradigm for the definition of port competitiveness. SCM supports the development of partnerships between the actors of the supply chain and considers the integration of activities and resources along business processes as source of competitive advantage. Nevertheless, the application of SCM approach to the port is particularly compiex given the traditional hostile relationships between port actors. In the effort to overcome such complexity, some authors have considered ports as Logistics Service Providers and interpreted their role within supply chains through the integrative practices undertaken by Global Players–mainly Shipping Companies and Terminal Operators–in the supply of integrated logistics services. Even tough these actors are crucial for the port competitiveness, they determine a passive role of port in the new competitive scenario. The definition of a potential and pro-active role of port in the supply chains is the objective of this paper that presents, through a literature review on SCM and port competitiveness, a new framework for port competitiveness. According to this framework, that is based on the value constellation concept value is generated by joint effort of port actors in the satisfaction of clients' needs, through the exploitation of different I mterdependencies (serial, pooled and reciprocal) between supply chains. In this context, Port Authority has a I fundamental role in identifying those resources–the so called critical assets–that encourage the development of inter-organisational relationships between port actors in the value generation process.     

The changing role of ports in supply-chain management: an empirical analysis

As integrated supply-chain management (SCM) is now at the epicentre of business transformation, firms are breaking down boundaries between internal functions, as well as between the enterprise itself and key partners in the value chain (e.g. customers, distributors, suppliers and carriers). One of the main goals of such new management approach is to get everyone in the supply chain into a common platform of logistics transactions and information systems.

Against such background, the aim of this work is to analyse how and if port operators can face the challenge of higher integration, on the assumption that the higher the integration between the actors the higher the competitiveness of the whole supply chain.

Accordingly, we adopted an SCM approach in the analysis of the port of Le Havre in Renault's supply chain. More specifically, we referred to the Lambert tri-dimensional model based on supply chain's structure (actors), key business processes and links between actors. The field work—which mainly consisted of semi-structured interviews to Renault, logistics and port operators, and, finally, to the Le Havre Port Authority—was crucial to gather the needed information.