单管双层特长盾构隧道内部结构预制施工技术——以南京纬三路过江盾构隧道工程为例

为解决单管双层特长盾构隧道施工距离长、施工空间有限和工期紧张等问题,结合南京市纬三路过江通道工程,研究双层盾构隧道内部结构构件的预制施工技术,采用结构构件预制与现浇相结合的梁-板-柱结构体系,合理组织施工步序,探索单管双层特长盾构隧道预制内部构件的施工方案。工程实践表明,现浇内部结构立柱及柱基础,预制上层车道板、烟道隔墙板、排烟通道板和逃生通道板,能够满足双层特长盾构隧道施工进度的要求,可大幅提高施工效率,缩短建设工期,节省工程投资。     

A fuzzy logic-genetic algorithm approach to modelling public transport users’ risk-taking behaviour

This paper seeks to determine the effects of uncertainty in out-of-vehicle times on route choice. Data were collected at two key interchanges in Auckland, New Zealand. Previous work modelled the data using a manual approach to fuzzy logic. This study extends that work by automating the process through defining a black-box function to match the survey data, then employing a genetic algorithm to fine-tune the fuzzy logic model. Results show that automation and the genetic algorithm improve the model’s capability to more accurately predict ridership. The tuning of the membership functions is conducted twice, first using initial fuzzy rules and again after the fuzzy rules have been adjusted to reduce disparity between the output and survey data. The calibrated membership functions provided for operational (transfer waiting and walking time and delay) and physical attributes (safety and seat availability) can be used by practitioners to determine an estimated ridership.     

提高土压平衡盾构掘进效率研究

为了在确保工程质量及施工安全的同时,进一步提高盾构掘进施工效率,获取更大的经济效益,根据土压平衡盾构施工特点,从盾构掘进的施工工序进行综合研究,以石家庄地铁1号线一期工程和平医院站-烈士陵园站区间施工为例,确定了影响盾构掘进效率的主要因素,并对掘进影响因素进行分析总结。得出了： 1)盾构掘进时间、管片拼装时间工序较为单一,主要和地质情况和作业人员熟练程度有关; 2)管片吊运下井时间、渣土吊运出井时间、其他外部原因对现场施工的影响等会受施工场地布置影响,在盾构施工前应进行合理的施工场地布置; 3)对盾构、后配套设备维修保养及易损件更换时间、盾构施工测量及移站影响时间的优化,能进一步提升施工效率。     

基于灰色关联理论的PP-SACC修复材料弯曲性能

为提高水泥基增强复合材料（ECC）经济效益并控制修复周期,以较低成本的聚丙烯纤维和快硬早强硫铝酸盐水泥为关键组材,设计聚丙烯纤维硫铝酸盐水泥基（PP-SACC）修复材料,并探究水胶比、纤维掺量及骨料粒径对修复材料弯曲性能的影响规律,联用灰色关联模型对PP-SACC各工况进行综合评价. 研究结果表明：纤维掺量是影响强度、韧性及裂缝特性最重要的因素,纤维掺量对初裂强度、韧性指标及平均裂缝宽度的影响因子分别为 −0.68、0.79和 −0.98;骨料粒径对裂缝特性同样有明显的影响,石英砂尺寸对平均裂缝宽度的影响因子为 −0.86;水胶比对强度和韧性也有着显著的影响,合理的水胶比更有利于充分发挥纤维的桥连效应;PP-SACC修复材料在具备优异韧性的同时具有挠曲硬化特性.     

船闸浮式系船柱升级改造设计与应用

随着船舶大型化的推进,部分船闸无法较好地满足过闸船舶安全系缆。以株洲一线船闸为例,在浮式系船柱井槽不变的前提下,对浮式系船柱进行升级改造设计。通过改变浮式系船柱结构形式,优化系缆高度、浮筒直径以及吃水深度等关键参数,将系缆力提升至100 kN,双层系缆高度分别提高至1 900和3 700 mm。经过有限元计算分析验证,系船架结构的强度、刚度均满足要求。工程实践表明：改造后的浮式系船柱边界参数与井槽尺寸匹配合理,投产后运行可靠,船舶过闸系缆解缆效果良好,可为类似船闸工程浮式系船柱的升级改造设计提供参考。     

中国企业海外重化工投资项目配套码头选址原则

中国企业的大型海外重化工投资项目通常需要自建码头以完成物料运输,因此项目的选址很大程度取决于码头的建设位置。分析归纳此类项目码头选址具有空间跨度大、明确约束少、研究深度深等特征,筛选影响该类项目码头选址的主要因素有波浪条件、水深条件、泥沙条件、地质地震情况、陆域场地条件、港口依托条件、运输里程等,提出以建设成本和运营成本总和最低为评判标准的选址准则目标,总结从初选的宏观研究到终选的方案微观研究的选址思路和流程,并以中国企业在马来西亚的某投资项目为例,演绎整个选址的过程,可供类似项目选址参考。     

含起重设备的船舶上层建筑吊装强度有限元分析

为准确计算船舶上层建筑吊装强度,采用MSC.Patran和MSC Nastran软件对175 000 t散货船上层建筑吊装建立整体结构有限元模型。采用含起重设备的有限元分析法计算上层建筑在吊装过程中的结构响应,并与直接约束法和惯性释放法进行对比分析,比较3种有限元分析法计算得到的应力、变形和吊点支反力情况,分析含起重设备的有限元分析法的准确性。结果表明,含起重设备的有限元分析法可对结构的应力、变形和吊点支反力进行较为准确的计算,优于直接约束法和惯性释放法。含起重设备的有限元分析法对船舶上层建筑吊装强度和吊装方案的评估具有一定的工程价值。     

EXPRESSION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF MYOFIBROBLAST IN HEALING PROCESS OF BILE DUCT

One of the difficulties of biliary surgery lies inthe treatment of iatrogenic biliary stricture that isexpressed prominently after operation as scar con-tracture and anastomotic stenosis, especiaI1y theanastomotic stenosis at the porta hepatis and thearea above it. ln order to exp1ain the mechansim ofthe formation of iatrogenic biliary stricture, an ani-mal model of trauma--repair of bile duct was madein this experiment and the expression of myofi-broblast (MFB) during the whole process was ob…     

Sensitivity study on durability variables of marine concrete structures

In order to study the influence of parameters on durability of marine concrete structures, the parameter’s sensitivity analysis was studied in this paper. With the Fick’s 2nd law of diffusion and the deterministic sensitivity analysis method (DSA), the sensitivity factors of apparent surface chloride content, apparent chloride diffusion coefficient and its time dependent attenuation factor were analyzed. The results of the analysis show that the impact of design variables on concrete durability was different. The values of sensitivity factor of chloride diffusion coefficient and its time dependent attenuation factor were higher than others. Relative less error in chloride diffusion coefficient and its time dependent attenuation coefficient induces a bigger error in concrete durability design and life prediction. According to probability sensitivity analysis (PSA), the influence of mean value and variance of concrete durability design variables on the durability failure probability was studied. The results of the study provide quantitative measures of the importance of concrete durability design and life prediction variables. It was concluded that the chloride diffusion coefficient and its time dependent attenuation factor have more influence on the reliability of marine concrete structural durability. In durability design and life prediction of marine concrete structures, it was very important to reduce the measure and statistic error of durability design variables.