Direct resolution of the pitch of DNA on positively charged lipid bilayers by frequency-modulation AFM

High resolution structural studies of DNA and DNA binding proteins by atomic force microscopy (AFM) require well-bound samples on suitably flat substrates. Adsorbing the DNA onto a positively charged supported lipid bilayer has previously been shown to be a potentially effective strategy for structural studies with AFM. Here, using our home-built frequency-modulation AFM (FM-AFM), we show that these bilayer substrates are only maximally effective for high resolution AFM when the samples are short, linear DNA, compared with circular plasmid DNA. We find that, with the former sample, the measured width of the DNA is about 2 nm, the known DNA diameter, and there is a clear height modulation along the length of the DNA with a periodicity of about 3.4 nm, in excellent agreement with the known pitch of the double helix. This sample preparation strategy is expected to enable higher resolution studies of DNA and DNA binding proteins with FM-AFM than that can presently be achieved.     

集装箱防盗措施的应用

近些年来,集装箱在运输或在堆场存放过程中,经常有箱内货物被盗的现象发生.     

轻型车制动磨损颗粒物排放与测试

美、欧研究显示,传统动力下LDV(Light Duty Vehicle,轻型车)制动磨损颗粒物的排放量为5~7 mg/km,此值高于国6b排放标准Ⅰ型试验PM(ParticulateMatter,颗粒物)限值。车辆技术配备是关键影响因素,制动能量回收可以显著降低PM排放数值,采用NAO(Non Asbestos Organic friction material,非石棉有机物混合纤维摩擦材料)技术相比少金属衬片配置的车辆其PM排放量会降低。虽然在2018年有关制动器衬片的标准规定了一部分危害身体健康的物质含量上限,但对人体危害显著的元素锑Sb却未在列,相关标准规范亟需补充。欧盟的测试方法已基本完成框架搭建和要素设定,预计2022年发布法规标准。在制动磨损测试中,速度循环、环境温度和冷却风设定对测量值有影响,分析WLTP-BrakeCycle(World Light-duty Vehicle Test Procedure-brake Cycle,全球轻型车测试规程-制动工况)是否符合我国轻型车使用规律。     

关于静电场电势零点选取的探讨

电势是物理学中一个重要的概念,从理论上讲,在计算电势时,电势零点的选取是任意的,然而在有些情况下,电势零点的选取却是受限制的,本文将探讨如何选取合适的电势零点。     

失速点上湿压缩对于跨音速压气机转子性能的影响

In order to study the effects of wet compression on a transonic compressor,a full 3-D steady numerical simulation was carried out under varying conditions.Different injected water flow rates and droplet diameters were considered.The effect of wet compression on the shock,separated flow,pressure ratio,and efficiency was investigated.Additionally,the effect of wet compression on the tip clearance when the compressor runs in the near-stall and stall situations was emphasized.Analysis of the results shows that the range of stable operation is extended,and that the pressure ratio and inlet air flow rate are also increased at the near-stall point.In addition,it seems that there is an optimum size of the droplet diameter.     

大跨刚架拱桥病害分析及加固研究

在对某座刚架拱桥进行安全检测的现场发现主拱大节点裂缝、横向联系梁破坏等病害。该文根据现场检测结果,分析了刚架拱桥常见病害形式及产生原因。采用BCI评价对该桥进行整体技术状况进行评定,并根据评定结果针对性地提出了对刚架拱桥加固的建议。其检测结果、建议加固措施对同类拱桥病害处理具有借鉴意义。     

Incorporating Driver Behaviors in Network Design Problems: Challenges and Opportunities

The goal of a network design problem (NDP) is to make optimal decisions to achieve a certain objective such as minimizing total travel time or maximizing tolls collected in the network. A critical component to NDP is how travelers make their route choices. Researchers in transportation have adopted human decision theories to describe more accurate route choice behaviors. In this paper, we review the NDP with various route choice models: the random utility model (RUM), random regret-minimization (RRM) model, bounded rationality (BR), cumulative prospect theory (CPT), the fuzzy logic model (FLM) and dynamic learning models. Moreover, we identify challenges in applying behavioral route choice models to NDP and opportunities for future research.     

悬架系统对整车性能的影响

本文系统分析了悬架系统对整车性能的影响,并且给出了整车因悬架问题导致的各种故障以及从设计角度及质量控制角度如何避免。     

铁路产品认证的一致性检查和检验

介绍铁路产品认证一致性的要求及涉及范围，阐述铁路产品认证的一致性检查和检验的范围及方法。     

自动进路原理中触发时刻的最优化分析

首先分析了进路触发时刻对自动进路以及运营效率的影响,然后本着运营效率最大化的原则,针对三种不同的信号布局,详细阐述了进路触发时刻的最优测算原则,最后对自动进路功能在复杂情况下的综合应用进行了分析。