发电机转子绕组端部固紧结构的设计校核

主要针对发电机转子绕组端部的离心力进行分析,针对性地设计了一种绕组端部的固紧结构——护环、中心环固紧结构,通过对稳态运行工况下的受力分析,并根据相关零部件的胀量确定了护环和中心环尺寸及相应位置的配合公差,最后进行了静态工况下的强度校核.结果表明可确保转子绕组端部可靠固紧.通过本文计算校核,结果表明该型式的绕组端部固紧结...     

Determinants of the property damage costs of bulk barge accidents

This study investigates determinants of the vessel, cargo, and other-property damage costs of bulk barge accidents in US inland waterways. Tobit estimation of a three-equation recursive model suggests that, in bulk barge accidents: (1) vessel damage cost is greater for collision, fire/explosion, and material/equipment failure accidents than for groundings; (2) cargo damage cost is greater at night and when the weather is foggy and increases with barge age; and (3) otherproperty damage cost is greater for multi-vessel accidents, but decreases with barge size. A dollar of vessel damage cost increases other-property damage cost by $1.38, while a dollar of cargo damage cost increases this cost by $6.90. An important result for formulating bulk barge accident cost-reduction policies is that a given determinant might have a negative effect on one type of damage cost but a positive effect on another.     

Institutional reform in ports of developing countries: the case of Lebanon—part I: the plan

Upon the expiry of the concession contract signed between Lebanon and a private company for the Port of Beirut operation (in December 1990), the Government appointed a temporary commission to operate the port under the rules of the expiring concession. The legality of this measure has since always been questioned, while the temporary commission underwent three major personnel changes which clearly prevented any long-term thinking or planning. In 1998, the temporary commission entered into a 20-year joint venture for the establishment of a container terminal. Meanwhile, Lebanon's two main ports were facing major regional competition, while competing against each other to some degree. Thus, the need became urgent to end the temporary status and propose reforms to the entire sector. To that end, the Ministry of Public Works and Transport was commissed by the Government to propose a permanent institutional framework for the port of Beirut while assessing the need for a national maritime sector regulator. This paper presents the recommendations for the institutional reform of the Lebanese maritime transport sector.     

Estimation of wave-induced ship hull bending moment from ship motion measurements

A time-domain technique for estimating wave-induced ship hull bending moment from ship motion measurements is presented. This technique is developed to improve hull response monitoring systems. Artificial neural networks are used to model the time-domain relationship between the wave-induced vertical bending moment and the coupled heave and pitch motions. The application of the proposed technique is validated using experimental data.     

边坡失稳的水岩相互作用机理分析

边坡的变形发展及破坏,影响因素很多,内在因素有岩土体的性质、结构等,变化是缓慢的。外在因素有风化作用、水文地质、水的作用、地震及人为因素等,变化是很快的。坡体的变形破坏,实际上是内在和外在的各种因素综合作用的结果,其中水的作用往往是关键的诱发因素。     

双馈风力发电机系统有功和无功功率的解耦控制

双馈发电机的有功和无功功率的解耦控制是变速恒频(VSCF)风力发电系统的关键技术.文章阐述了变速恒频风力发电系统的工作原理,在分析双馈感应电机的动态数学模型以及定子磁链定向矢量控制的基础上,介绍了一种有效的有功和无功功率解耦控制方法.Matlab仿真结果表明,该控制方案能够很好地实现双馈电机的有功和无功功率的解耦控制,验证了其正确性和有效性.     

Dynamics of inorganic nutrient species in the Bohai seawaters

Within the frame of a Sino-German Joint Research Program, two cruises of “R/V Dong Fang Hong 2” were carried out in September–October 1998 and April–May 1999, respectively, to understand the dynamics of nutrients in the Bohai. Nutrient species (NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻, NH₄⁺, PO₄³⁻ and SiO₃²⁻) are determined colorimetrically on board for five anchor and 30 grid stations. In situ incubation experiments are performed to determine planktonic nutrient uptake and benthic exchange flux. Nutrient concentrations display short-term variability and seasonal change in the Bohai, with higher levels in shallow coastal waters than in the Central Bohai. The influence of riverine discharge on nutrient levels can be seen from salinity isopleths, nutrient distribution and species ratios. Near-bottom (nb) waters have similar nutrient concentrations as to the surface waters in the Central Bohai, whereas stratification takes place in the Bohai Strait and North Yellow Sea. In situ incubation experiments provide evidence that the uptake ratio (i.e. N, P) by phytoplankton is proportional to the ratios among nutrient species in ambient waters. Based on the data of this study and previously publications, a preliminary estimate of nutrient budgets via riverine input and atmospheric deposition is established. The results indicate that atmospheric deposition gains importance over rivers in delivering nutrients into the Bohai and sustain the new production, following recent decrease in riverine inflow caused by drought periods in North China and damming practices. A historical review of nutrient data indicates that concentrations of nitrogen increase and phosphorus and silica decrease in the Central Bohai over last 40 years. This potentially has an important influence on the health of ecosystem in Bohai (e.g. food web and community structure), though further study is needed to examine the scenario in more detail.     

潮汕车站软土地基桩网复合地基试验研究

桩-网复合地基是近年发展起来的一种处理软土地基的有效方法,由桩、网和桩间土共同承担上部荷载,其作用机理复杂。通过潮汕车站试验段中桩-网复合地基处理段进行的路基现场试验,对桩-网复合地基中基底土压力、桩和土的沉降及地基侧向位移等进行观测测试,分析了桩土应力分担比的变化过程、沉降及侧向位移规律,有助于桩-网复合地基各组成部分的承载机理和应力传递机理的深入研究。     

“房桥合一”轨道层结构车致振动响应测试研究

为研究“房桥合一”轨道层结构车致振动特性与传播规律,选择天津西站轨道层结构,测试客、货列车通过时的轨道层结构振动加速度响应.16种工况共128组数据的分析结果表明:在列车低速通过时,“房桥合一”轨道层结构的加速度振级范围为83～113 dB;同一测点在相同振源距离、相同车型下,其振级随车速的增加而增大;在相同车速和车型下,测点的振级随距振源距离的增加而呈非线性减小,减小程度随距振源距离增加而降低.车速对“房桥合一”轨道层结构的主要车致振动响应频率的影响不大;距振源越近,频谱峰值越大;车速越高,频谱峰值越大.客、货列车对“房桥合一”轨道层结构的激振频率不同;货车对结构有低频激励影响,且高频激振不稳定;客车高频激励较为稳定.采用点振源函数拟合“房桥合一”轨道层结构的车致振动响应,获得了可以表征“房桥合一”轨道层结构车致振动传播规律的振动衰减曲线.     

铁路乘客艾滋病知识、态度、行为调查分析

目的　调查铁路旅客的艾滋病相关知识、态度和行为情况,为列车开展艾滋病宣传教育提供理论依据。方法　对6趟旅客列车乘客进行抽样问卷调查,调查结果进行统计分析。结果收回有效调查问卷2 083份,艾滋病一般知识正确回答率55.83% ~92.03%,传播途径59.67%~93.52%,临床知识59.00%~77.34%,预防控制68.75%~88.86%,态度行为48.25%~94.33%,政策法规67.64%~84.88%。正确回答率无性别差异(P>0.05);一般知识、传播途径、行为态度存在结婚与否的差异(P<0.05);受教育程度上除一般知识外,其它都有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论　铁路乘客对艾滋病知识、态度、行为的正确回答率,原则性问题高于具体问题, 71%以上乘客愿意接受健康教育和AIDS教育。针对铁路乘客流动性强的特点,列车上艾滋病宣传教育内容要注重知识具体化。