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301.
基于相位差的方位估计(英文) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The phase difference method (PDM) is presented for the direction of arrival (DOA) estimation of the narrowband source. It
estimates the DOA by measuring the reciprocal of the phase range of the sensor output spectra at the interest frequency bin.
The peak width and variance of the PDM are presented. The PDM can distinguish closely spaced sources with different and unknown
center frequencies as long as they are separated with at least one frequency bin. The simulation results show that the PDM
has a better resolution than that of the conventional beamforming. 相似文献
302.
实际海浪环境大尺度模型试验遥控遥测系统(英文) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Physical testing of large-scale ship models at sea is a new experimental method. It is a cheap and reliable way to research
the environment adaptability of a ship in complex and extreme wave conditions. It is necessary to have a stable experimental
system for the test. Since the experimental area is large, a remote control system and a telemetry system are essential, and
were designed by the authors. An experiment was conducted on the Songhuajiang River to test the systems. The relationship
between the model’s speed and its electromotor’s revolutions was also measured during the model test. The results showed that
the two systems make it possible to carry out large-scale model tests at sea. 相似文献
303.
Sandwich plate systems (SPS) are advanced materials that have begun to receive extensive attention in naval architecture and
ocean engineering. At present, according to the rules of classification societies, a mixture of shell and solid elements are
required to simulate an SPS. Based on the principle of stiffness decomposition, a new numerical simulation method for shell
elements was proposed. In accordance with the principle of stiffness decomposition, the total stiffness can be decomposed
into the bending stiffness and shear stiffness. Displacement and stress response related to bending stiffness was calculated
with the laminated shell element. Displacement and stress response due to shear was calculated by use of a computational code
write by FORTRAN language. Then the total displacement and stress response for the SPS was obtained by adding together these
two parts of total displacement and stress. Finally, a rectangular SPS plate and a double-bottom structure were used for a
simulation. The results show that the deflection simulated by the elements proposed in the paper is larger than the same simulated
by solid elements and the analytical solution according to Hoff theory and approximate to the same simulated by the mixture
of shell-solid elements, and the stress simulated by the elements proposed in the paper is approximate to the other simulating
methods. So compared with calculations based on a mixture of shell and solid elements, the numerical simulation method given
in the paper is more efficient and easier to do. 相似文献
304.
深水SPAR平台截断技术研究(英文) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
To solve the dimensional limitations of physical models in tests, an equivalent water depth truncated design for a classical
SPAR working in 913 m water was investigated. The water depth was reduced to 736m and then to 552m. As this was done, the
mooring line lengths, EA value, and mass per meter were adjusted. Truncation rules and formulas for parameters and truncation factors were proposed.
SPAR static characteristics were made to be consistent with those at full water depth. Then further time-domain coupled analysis
was carried out for the SPAR when the mooring system experienced waves. The mooring lines were simulated by quasi-static method.
Global responses and mooring line forces were found to agree well with test results for a prototype at that water depth. The
truncation method proved to be robust and reliable. 相似文献
305.
非结构化网格浸入边界法的流固耦合数值模拟(英文) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper presents an improved unstructured grid immersed boundary method. The advantages of both immersed boundary method
and body fitted grids which are generated by unstructured grid technology are used to enhance the computation efficiency of
fluid structure interaction in complex domain. The Navier-Stokes equation was discretized spacially with collocated finite
volume method and Euler implicit method in time domain. The rigid body motion was simulated by immersed boundary method in
which the fluid and rigid body interface interaction was dealt with VOS (volume of solid) method. A new VOS calculation method
based on graph was presented in which both immersed boundary points and cross points were collected in arbitrary order to
form a graph. The method is verified with flow past oscillating cylinder. 相似文献
306.
Experiments were conducted to study characteristics of flow when flow is fluctuating. The experimental results showed a phase
difference between the flow rate and the pressure drop fluctuations. This phase difference between the fluctuating flow rate
and pressure drop was analyzed for laminar flow. Analysis showed that the phase difference changes with the period of the
flow fluctuation, the pipe radius, the density and the dynamic viscosity of the liquid. Fluctuating pipe flow was then numerically
simulated. Results of the numerical simulation were compared with theoretical values and experimental results. It was shown
that, when the flow rate fluctuates with time as a sine wave, the pressure drop fluctuates with the same periodicity, and
there is a phase difference between them. 相似文献
307.
This paper is a think piece on variations in the structure of stated preference studies when modelling the joint preferences
of interacting agents who have the power to influence the attribute levels on offer. The approach proposed is an extension
of standard stated choice methods, known as ‘stated endogenous attribute level’ (SEAL) analysis. It allows for interactive
agents to adjust attribute levels off a base stated choice specification that are within their control, in an effort to reach
agreement in an experimental setting. This accomplishes three goals: (1) the ability to place respondents in an environment
that more closely matches interactive settings in which some attribute levels are endogenous to a specific agent, should the
modeller wish to capture such behaviour; (2) the improved ability of the modeller to capture the behaviour in such settings,
including a greater wealth of information on the related interaction processes, rather than simply outcomes; and (3) the expansion of the set of situations that the modeller can investigate using experimental
data.
相似文献
John M. RoseEmail: |
308.
309.
Developing a more efficient mass transit system, in highly populated cities, improves the mobility, decreases the dependency
of private cars, alleviates traffic congestion, and provides a more environmentally friendly means of travel. Recently, the
city of Beijing decided to have a target of becoming as a ‘public-transport city’ with a fascinating mass transit system within
a larger plan, of building humanistic, scientific and technological, and green public-transport systems. This work discusses
the governance evolution of the mass transit system of Beijing between 1949–2008, comprised of two groups of transit systems,
the road surface public-transport system (bus, tram, trolley, etc.), and the subway public-transport system. In addition,
a time-series analysis is introduced in an attempt to examine the effect of governance evolution on the two transit systems,
and of the impacts of the governance structural changes on the mass transit system. The time-series model is introduced using
the annual statistics data of the period 1949–2008. The outcome of the analysis is viewed with precaution because of the incompleteness
of the many endogenous and exogenous factors to affect the public-transport demand. Generally speaking it is concluded that
the governance evolution provides beneficial effect of the Beijing mass transit activity; however, for satisfying the significant
increase of the Beijing city’s travel demand and maintaining sustainable development, the governance-involvement pattern needs
to be reformed. 相似文献
310.
Exploring public transport usage trends in an ageing population 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
An ageing population remains one of the most significant challenges for Western society in the 21st century. Whilst public
transport use has attractive sustainability features for older generations there is mixed evidence with regard to trends in
travel and public transport use in ageing societies. This paper explores public transport trip rates amongst older age groups
using travel survey evidence collected from a household travel survey in Melbourne, Australia for the period 1994 to 1999.
A particular aim of the research was to establish trends in trip rates so as to explore the impact of the ageing Baby Boomer
generation on travel by public transport. The results suggested that compared to those aged below 60, those aged over 60 years
demonstrated 30% lower trip making overall and 16% lower public transport trip rates. Longitudinal trends in trip rates showed
those aged over 60 had a very small decline in trip rates by public transport (−0.004 average daily trips per annum) but increasing
rates for car trips. A further analysis showed a small but significant increase in longitudinal trip rates of public transport
use amongst Baby Boomers (0.004 daily trips p.a., p < .05) while car usage for Baby Boomers was steady. The implication of these findings is that trends in the existing over
60s population are not necessarily going to flow through to behaviour patterns in the Baby Boomer generations. The Baby Boomer
age group showed longitudinal trends in travel behaviour which contrasted with those of the existing over 60s generation notably
with a trend towards increased public transport usage. 相似文献