钢轨分级使用与热处理钢轨

根据我国铁路主要技术政策,简要介绍钢轨分级使用制度及对热处理钢轨在数量上的需要和质量上的要求,分析国内热处理钢轨的现状及存在的问题,在此基础上探讨我国热处理钢轨的发展方向。     

New strategies for collision resolution of multi-access channel

ABSTRACT： The truncated binary exponential back-off algorithm is one of the most effective methods applied in collision resolution process of random multi-access channel. In this study, two new strategies are presented to improve the capability of the truncated binary exponential back-off algorithm. In the new strategies, the sizes of the initial window size or the operating window sizes are adjusted dynamically, which always bring a significant improvement for the self-adaptability of the original A series of experiments are simulated and the results verify that the new strategies can make the implementation more stable and effective than the original algorithm.     

光圆钢筋与活性粉末混凝土的粘结性能研究

为了研究光圆钢筋与活性粉末混凝土的粘结性能,本文改变钢筋直径与锚固长度测定了粘结应力和滑移量。通过理论分析与数据拟合,研究了粘结应力的影响因素、计算公式及粘结-滑移本构关系。结果表明:粘结应力受钢筋埋长、钢筋直径等因素的影响,随着埋长与钢筋直径的增大而减小。提出的以相对保护层厚度(c/d)和相对埋长(l/d)为主要参数的极限粘结应力计算公式,与试验结果吻合良好。分析给出不同直径光圆钢筋的锚固长度,并按GB 50010-2002的模式提出相应的锚固长度计算公式。本文提出的粘结-滑移本构方程与实测结果相关性好,可为活性粉末混凝土结构理论分析提供依据。     

Study on fast calibration of a ULA＇s gain and phase error

Array calibration is important in engineering practice. In this paper, fast calibration methods for a ULA＇s gain and phase errors both in far and near fields are proposed. In the far field, using a single sound source without exact orientation, this method horizontally rotates the array exactly once, performs eigen value decomposition for the covariance matrix of received data, then computes the gain and phase error according to the formulas. In the near field, using the same single sound source, it is necessary to rotate the array horizontally at most three times, build equations according to geometric relations, then solve them. Using the formula proposed in this paper, spherical waves are modified into plane waves. Then eigen values decomposition is performed. These two calibration methods were shown to be valid by simulation and are fast, accurate and easy to use. Finally, an analysis of factors influencing estimation precision is given.     

人体低氧状态心血管功能代偿水平的个体差异

为探讨人体低氧条件下循环功能的代偿水平，进行了有关测试。结果显示：高海拔区在总体适应水平上每搏量减少（P＜0．01），心输出量及平均动脉压增加（P＜0．01），且随高度增加，后两项均需增加（P＜0．05）。对于不同群体来说，适应良好者每搏量及总外周阻力不变，心输出量增加（P＜0．01）；适应不良者每搏量减少（P＜0．05），总外周阻力增加，心输出量亦增加但显著性稍差（P＜0．05）。推测人体在不同低氧条件下具有不同的心血管适应能力，且该适应能力具有个体差异。     

高填土路基沉降试验研究

该文通过太原市东山过境高速公路两处大型实地沉降观测试验的研究 ,讨论了高填方路基沉降的一些规律。     

基于组合深度学习的快速路车道级速度预测研究

随着物联网、云计算和大数据在智能交通领域的普及应用,传统的以道路断面为研究对象的预测方法已经无法满足智能网联技术发展的需求.本文以车道断面为研究对象,提出一种基于组合深度学习(Combined Deep Learning,CDL)的城市快速路车道级速度预测模型.该模型利用基于信息熵的灰色关联分析提取空间特征变量,采用长短期记忆神经网络提取空间特征变量的时间特征,并利用门限递归单元神经网络得到预测结果.通过北京市东二环路车道断面实测微波数据验证发现,提取车道交通流的时空特征,CDL模型能够很好地拟合不同车道不同时段的速度变化趋势,可有效地实现车道速度的单步及多步预测,且该模型的预测精度和稳定性均优于传统预测模型.     

Experimental research on spray and combustion characteristics of the third generation conical spray

A new generation conical spray system for conventional diesel engines or premixed combustion diesel engines is introduced. By means of oriented impingement method, flexible spray penetration in design is realized. High-speed photograph was used to investigate the spatial distribution characteristics of the new spray for cases of different impingement angles and needle valve opening pressures. The results show that, by applying spray impingement orientation, fuel jets spread along the cone surface as shape of sectors, so the dispersion of jets is increased obviously. Changing on impingement angle leads to variation of penetration, which is critical in homogeneous mixture preparation. Due to the flexibility of spray penetration in design, the spray impingement on liner is avoided in a great extent. The results also indicate that higher needle valve opening pressure results in longer penetration and larger spray angle after impingement. Combustion characteristics of the impinged conical spray were studied in the 1135 type diesel engine. The new impinged conical spray system work smoothly in full load range with better fuel economy and lower emissions of NOx and soot than the original test engine.     

Numerical simulation of three-dimensional combustion flows

A finite-rate method is used to simulate the three-dimensional combustion process in a plasma generator with CH4 as the fuel. The simulation was run with RNG k-ε model to simulate turbulence, with eddy-dissipation-concept （EDC） model to simulate the combustion and with discrete ordinates model to simulate radiation. The numerical results show that the flow field characteristics and the parameter distributions are under the condition of rich fuels, and these results provide valuable information when optimizing the plasma generator design and organizing its flow fields.     

A nonlinear model reference adaptive inverse control algorithm with pre-compensator

In this paper, the reduced-order modeling （ROM） technology and its corresponding linear theory are expanded from the linear dynamic system to the nonlinear one, and H∞ control theory is employed in the frequency domain to design some nonlinear system＇ s pre-compensator in some special way. The adaptive model inverse control （AMIC）theory coping with nonlinear system is improved as well. Such is the model reference adaptive inverse control with pre-compensator （PCMRAIC）. The aim of that algorithm is to construct a strategy of control as a whole. As a practical example of the application, the nunlerical simulation has been given on matlab software packages. The numerical result is given. The proposed strategy realizes the linearization control of nonlinear dynamic system. And it carries out a good performance to deal with the nonlinear system.