基于矢量阵的鲁棒自适应舰船噪声检测算法研究

稳健Capon波束形成算法直接将自适应对角元加载因子的计算与导向矢量的误差联系起来,易于实际操作,避免了其他算法计算加载量时的随意性。文章针对长线阵声纳检测近距离快速移动目标时观测数据不充分的问题,提出了一种基于矢量阵的改进稳健Capon波束形成算法。算法对数据矩阵进行奇异值分解,避免了求取不满秩的协方差矩阵,且减少了运算量及存储量。该算法对导向向量失配不敏感,且能有效地对快速移动的目标进行方位估计。最后通过仿真结果和海试试验数据处理验证了算法的有效性。     

艉管后轴承倾斜度对轴承负荷的影响研究

研究艉管后轴承不同倾斜度下轴承负荷的变化规律,应用有限元法和基于Fortran语言的传递矩阵法进行仿真模拟,完成不同倾斜度在整个轴系下的合理校中计算,结果表明：艉管后轴承的倾斜程度对艉后轴段负荷的影响效果显著,其首端边缘负荷的变化量要远大于末端;合理的倾斜调整可使轴系的负荷分配和弯矩状态更为均匀;随着各轴承轴向位置的增加,倾斜对负荷的影响趋于平缓。     

基于粗糙集和粒子群的双机电力系统控制

提出了电力系统稳定器(PSS)和静止无功补偿器(SVC)协调作用的新方法,该方法基于粗糙集理论和粒子群算法(PSO)之间的整合,粗糙集的作用是选择优化中涉及的最主要的控制器参数,PSO对选择的最主要的控制器参数进行优化。此方法目的是最小化计算时间和减少存储容量,从而提高电力系统稳定。实验结果表明,双机电力系统仿真分析表明基于粗糙集和PSO的有效性,此外通过此方法可以很好的减少优化的时间和信息量。     

Development of port service network in OBOR via capacity sharing: an idea from Zhejiang province in China

The ‘Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road’ (One Belt One Road, OBOR) strategy initiated by the Chinese government has a significant impact on the business and logistics modes which involves Asia, Europe, Africa, and their adjacent seas. Many countries and ports are developing new strategies that are suitable for this economic environment. Compared with many ports in the world, the ports in Zhejiang province of China have a novel property. In addition to Ningbo-Zhoushan port, there are several other sea ports and river ports in that province. In this paper, we propose a concept of port service network that consists of a huge hub and multiple ports. Ports of small and medium sizes can share their capacities of different types of port service with the hub when the service capacities are integrated into the network. We develop a mixed integer nonlinear programming model to determine the optimal decisions in such a network with constraints on the budget to conduct integration. An optimization algorithm incorporated with a genetic algorithm is developed to solve large size problems. We provide managerial insights on the policies of government, including expanding port capacity, reducing fixed integration cost, and providing better financial condition.     

船舶综合电力系统的能量管理控制系统与全数字仿真研究

近年来,电能逐渐取代传统动力成为船舶的主要推进能源。作为船舶综合电力系统的核心部分之一,船舶综合电力系统的能量管理控制策略设计及其仿真研究得到越来越多的关注。首先,本文从经济性的角度,设计了船舶能量管理系统的控制策略;其次,本文引入储能单元,利用其灵活性强和响应速度快等优点并结合能量管理控制策略减小负荷波动对电网的影响;最后,为验证能量管理控制策略的功能与有效性,建立综合电力系统简化模型。仿真结果表明,采用本文提出的能量管理控制策略可以使机组运行在最佳油耗范围内,并且提出的简化仿真模型可以验证能量管理系统控制策略的功能。     

基于多维多项式混沌展开法的船舶不确定性优化设计

以船舶不确定性优化设计为对象,分析考虑多个随机变量对优化目标和约束的影响,提出一种基于多维多项式混沌展开法(PCE)的船舶不确定性优化设计,并将其应用于散货船工程优化实例中,保证船舶的稳健性和可靠性。     

Projecting travelers into a world of self-driving vehicles: estimating travel behavior implications via a naturalistic experiment

Automated driving technologies are currently penetrating the market, and the coming fully autonomous cars will have far-reaching, yet largely unknown, implications. A critical unknown is the impact on traveler behavior, which in turn impacts sustainability, the economy, and wellbeing. Most behavioral studies, to date, either focus on safety and human factors (driving simulators; test beds), assume travel behavior implications (microsimulators; network analysis), or ask about hypothetical scenarios that are unfamiliar to the subjects (stated preference studies). Here we present a different approach, which is to use a naturalistic experiment to project people into a world of self-driving cars. We mimic potential life with a privately-owned self-driving vehicle by providing 60 h of free chauffeur service for each participating household for use within a 7-day period. We seek to understand the changes in travel behavior as the subjects adjust their travel and activities during the chauffeur week when, as in a self-driving vehicle, they are explicitly relieved of the driving task. In this first pilot application, our sample consisted of 13 subjects from the San Francisco Bay area, drawn from three cohorts: millennials, families, and retirees. We tracked each subject’s travel for 3 weeks (the chauffeur week, 1 week before and 1 week after) and conducted surveys and interviews. During the chauffeur week, we observed sizable increases in vehicle-miles traveled and number of trips, with a more pronounced increase in trips made in the evening and for longer distances and a substantial proportion of “zero-occupancy” vehicle-miles traveled.     

潜艇舱室火灾后的大气监测需求研究

针对潜艇舱室火灾后的大气监测需求,利用材料火灾释放特性试验数据,结合火灾废气组分对人员的健康危害,筛选出火灾后需要重点关注的大气监测组分对象。研究表明,火灾中主要释放5种浓度高且危害性大的气体,分别为二氧化碳、氮氧化物、一氧化碳、氰化氢和二氧化硫。在开展火灾后的大气监测时,可根据火灾类型,从上述5种组分中筛选监测对象,从而在满足人员生存的同时,提高监测效率,降低工作强度,减少应急呼吸系统使用时间。相关研究对我国开展密闭环境火灾后的大气监测方案研究具有指导意义。     

Influence of Light Distribution and Installation Style of Luminaires on Power Consumption and Lighting Effect of Tunnel Lighting北大核心CSCD

Light distribution (LD) and installation style of luminaires affect the utilization factor (UF) of luminaires, and the UF affects the luminaire power and road pavement illuminance and further the power consumption of illu- minating system and the luminous effect of road pavement. An UF model of tunnel lighting was established based on the luminaire LD data and installation parameters, in which four LD styles were adopted. For each LD the parame- ters optimization and simulation were conducted regarding four installation styles, e.g. central style, offset-of-vault style, symmetric style and staggered style. The energy-saving and the lighting effects of each LD and luminaire in- stallation style at the tunnel middle zone were studied. The results show that symmetric luminaire installation is the most energy-saving style and has the best lighting effect than the other three luminaire installation styles; the lighting effect of central luminaire installation is the second best; staggered luminaire installation is the most energy-intensive style and has the worst lighting effect except for some special-shaped LD; waterdrop-shaped LD is the most suitable one along transverse direction of tunnel and applicable to the central, offset-of-vault and symmetric luminaire instal- lation styles; symmetric butterfly-shaped LD is the most suitable one along longitudinal direction of tunnel and appli- cable to the central, offset-of-vault, staggered and symmetric luminaire installation styles; with waterdrop-shaped LD along transverse direction and symmetric butterfly-shaped LD along longitudinal direction, they are suitable for the above four luminaire installation styles, and have better energy-saving and lighting effect; as for the LD with symmetric and oblique curve, it’s better for the profile of oblique luminaire distribution to be comply with that along tunnel transverse direction, and it is suitable for the symmetric and offset-of-vault luminaire installation styles. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

管道仿真技术发展与应用进展

文中从泄漏分析与检测、在线仿真、运行优化与储气调峰方面,分析了国内外管道仿真技术的应用现状。结合当前存在的主要问题,提出应针对仿真软件易用性、高度集成的建模技术和决策支持系统等开展深入研究,以加强对管道的控制及提高管道安全性。