磁通门罗盘的数字信号处理方法

为提高磁通门罗盘的指向精度和稳定性,提出了磁通门罗盘的数字信号处理方法。利用微处理器直接产生激励信号,通过模数转换采集磁通门传感器感应的磁场信号,对所采集的原始信息进行傅里叶变换获取偶次谐波,得到罗盘方位值。计算结果表明:二次谐波的波形幅度在各偶次谐波中最大,其提取精度至少提高5倍,而且采用多个偶次谐波并行使用解算方位的方法,降低了原始噪声,增大了原始信息的利用率,提高了磁通门传感器的灵敏度,因此,数字信号处理方法可行。     

AQP4在COPD支气管黏膜的表达及其与患者肺功能、气道黏膜炎症的相关性

目的通过免疫组化法检测支气管黏膜中水通道蛋白-4(aquaporin-4,AQP4)的表达,观察正常组和慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)组支气管黏膜中AQP4表达与气道黏膜炎症及肺功能的关系,明确AQP4在COPD发生、发展中的作用,为COPD的防治开辟新途径。方法选择正常人和COPD患者各30例,测试肺功能,并行支气管镜检查,取得支气管黏膜标本,用免疫组化法检测AQP4表达,HE染色观察支气管黏膜炎症细胞浸润程度。结果COPD组较对照组AQP4表达减弱有极显著差异(P<0.001)。AQP4表达和FEV1/FVC、FEV1/pred%呈正相关(P<0.001),与支气管黏膜炎症严重程度呈负相关(P<0.001)。结论COPD患者AQP4表达减少可能是其肺功能下降及气道炎症加重的原因之一。临床上可以通过改善AQP4治疗COPD。     

多房棘球绦虫重组Bb-Em14-3-3疫苗的构建及其表达效率

目的构建多房棘球绦虫(Em)重组双歧杆菌(Bb)-Em14-3-3疫苗,并研究Em14-3-3分子在大肠埃希菌BL21(DE3)中的表达效率。方法通过PCR扩增Em14-3-3抗原编码基因;将该基因定向克隆于含有谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)基因的大肠埃希菌-双歧杆菌穿梭表达载体pGEX-1λT,构建重组质粒pGEX-Em14-3-3;用电穿孔法将该质粒导入Bb,构建多房棘球绦虫重组Bb-Em14-3-3疫苗。经PCR和酶切鉴定后以IPTG诱导表达Em14-3-3/GST融合蛋白;SDS-PAGE及Western blot对表达产物进行鉴定。结果PCR成功扩增出530 bp的Em14-3-3基因;双酶切证实Em14-3-3基因插入pGEX-1λT中;PCR证实重组Bb-Em14-3-3疫苗构建成功;SDS-PAGE及Western blot分析显示重组质粒转化宿主菌在IPTG诱导下高效表达了Em14-3-3/GST融合蛋白,表达效率为23%。结论成功构建了多房棘球绦虫重组Bb-Em14-3-3疫苗,重组质粒pGEX-Em14-3-3在大肠杆菌中获得了高效表达,Western blot结果提示表达出的Em14-3-3重组蛋白具有特异抗原性。     

碎石桩处理高液限土地基的离心试验研究

高液限土是一种对工程有害的特殊土。为了处治高液限土地基,对室内土工离心模型试验进行分析,利用离心机产生离心力场,提高模型土体的体积力,形成人工重力。模拟高液限土地基在碎石桩处理后的固结性状,观测地基模型的变形和沉降。试验结果表明,碎石桩复合地基措施确实能改善地基的受力和变形性状,极大增强地基的稳定性。     

高校二级单位网络教学管理系统研究与开发

通过对教学管理运行机制的分析,进行了系统总体和用户界面设计,实现了教学管理所需的各项功能,建立起管理员、教师和相关部门之间的有效关联。实践证明该系统对强化教学监控、保证教学质量、提高管理水平和效率等方面都具有十分重要的意义。     

贵阳市公交线两规划方法研究

贵阳是山地城市,城市路网、交通结构与居民出行方式特殊,公交的服务水平、现状存在问题及发展方案有别于其他城市,故传统的公交线网规划方法在贵阳存在一定的局限性.本文通过分析当前运用广泛的层次规划法,结合贵阳公交的现状及发展趋势,在满足居民出行需求的基础上,提出了基于公交客流的线网规划方法.     

Integrated evasive manoeuvre assist for collision mitigation with oncoming vehicles

Development and deployment of steering based collision avoidance systems are made difficult due to the complexity of dealing with oncoming vehicles during the evasive manoeuvre. A method to mitigate the collision risk with oncoming vehicles during such manoeuvres is presented in this work. A point mass analysis of such a scenario is first done to determine the importance of speed for mitigating the collision risk with the oncoming vehicle. A characteristic parameter was identified, which correlates well with the need to increase or decrease speed, in order to reduce the collision risk. This finding was then verified in experiments using a Volvo XC90 test vehicle. A closed-loop longitudinal acceleration controller for collision mitigation with oncoming vehicles is then presented. The longitudinal control is combined with yaw stability control using control allocation to form an integrated controller. Simulations in CarMaker using a validated XC90 vehicle model and the proposed controller showed consistent reductions in the collision risk with the oncoming vehicle.     

发动机燃用生物柴油-柴油-乙醇混合燃料的性能试验

为了降低柴油机燃用中等比例生物柴油-柴油混合燃料的污染物排放,在1 400r/min和2 000r/min不同负荷条件下,首先对比分析了发动机燃用生物柴油-柴油混合燃料与纯柴油的性能差异,然后在中等比例的生物柴油-柴油混合燃料中分别掺混10%和20%(体积比)的无水乙醇,测定了乙醇掺混比对发动机经济性、动力性和排放特性的影响。结果表明:与纯柴油相比,生物柴油-柴油混合燃料的有效燃油消耗率上升,动力性略有下降,炭烟排放降低,而NO_x排放升高。随着乙醇掺混比的增大,生物柴油-柴油-乙醇混合燃料的有效燃油消耗率升高,小负荷时受乙醇汽化潜热的影响导致有效热效率下降,中等负荷时乙醇对有效热效率的影响不大,而大负荷时乙醇的高含氧量能够提高发动机的有效热效率。1 400r/min和2 000r/min全负荷条件下,发动机的最大功率随乙醇掺混比的增大而下降。在不同负荷条件下,随着生物柴油-柴油-乙醇混合燃料中乙醇掺混比的增大,发动机的炭烟、NO_x和CO排放逐渐降低,小负荷时乙醇的高汽化潜热导致HC排放明显升高。     

古夫隧道软弱围岩普通型机械化配套试验性施工技术

为提高隧道软弱围岩施工安全性和加快施工进度,依托古夫隧道出口段工程,首先通过超前地质预报、监控量测、应力应变测试等判断围岩及掌子面稳定性; 然后通过超前支护、低预应力涨壳式锚杆加固围岩,提高围岩自稳能力; 最后采用普通型机械化配套大断面法施工,对围岩的拱顶沉降、周边收敛、应力应变等进行监测,通过数据分析结果指导现场施工。研究结果表明： 1)隧道软弱围岩普通型机械化配套试验性施工技术可以有效地加快施工进度,保证施工安全; 2)信息化管理可以通过数据分析结果指导现场施工,大大提升隧道施工的管理水平。     

Urban travel time reliability at different traffic conditions

The decision making of travelers for route choice and departure time choice depends on the expected travel time and its reliability. A common understanding of reliability is that it is related to several statistical properties of the travel time distribution, especially to the standard deviation of the travel time and also to the skewness. For an important corridor in Changsha (P.R. China) the travel time reliability has been evaluated and a linear model is proposed for the relationship between travel time, standard deviation, skewness, and some other traffic characteristics. Statistical analysis is done for both simulation data from a delay distribution model and for real life data from automated number plate recognition (ANPR) cameras. ANPR data give unbiased travel time data, which is more representative than probe vehicles. The relationship between the mean travel time and its standard deviation is verified with an analytical model for travel time distributions as well as with the ANPR travel times. Average travel time and the standard deviation are linearly correlated for single links as well as corridors. Other influence factors are related to skewness and travel time standard deviations, such as vehicle density and degree of saturation. Skewness appears to be less well to explain from traffic characteristics than the standard deviation is.