浅谈宁波市水上公共交通的可行性

考虑到宁波市林立的桥梁,较大的水域纵横连通,同时路面上的交通状况时常不理想,本文基于历史面向未来,从民众需求,政府支持,航道情况,其他兄弟城市的相关现状等角度着手,通过文献调研,问卷调查,数据分析等方式来论述宁波市发展水上公共交通的可行性.     

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发车间隔的确定是建立行车计划的基础,合理安排公交运营方案可以在优化公交企业运营成本的同时,有效满足乘客需求. 本文提出了在保证公交运营服务水平和所需运营车辆最少的前提下, 确定公交发车间隔的模型. 在现有的模型基础上考虑了道路交通拥堵对公交运行的影响. 引入拥堵系数,建立了基于载客里程的公交发车频率模型. 实例分析表明模型使得发车间隔的计算更简单直观. 拥堵因子的引入对发车间隔产生了较大的影响,且能有效地优化公交发车间隔. 使公交企业更好地平衡了乘客满意度与公交车运行成本.     

基于绿色交通理念的深圳市盐田区交通规划探索与实践

绿色交通已经成为建设低碳社会的有效抓手,是当今世界城市交通发展的必然趋势。首先介绍了绿色交通的内涵与基本特征,提出了绿色交通的发展内容与模式;在借鉴国内外绿色交通发展经验的基础上,并在深圳市绿色交通体系及模式的指引下,对深圳市国家生态城区——盐田区进行了绿色交通规划的探索。结合盐田区城市土地空间不足、生态资源受约束的现实条件,采取了空间差异性交通发展模式,并着重分析了地区公共交通系统、自行车、山海步行系统的发展规划思路。     

山区高速公路事故多发点的组合鉴别方法

基于国内外交通事故鉴别方法,结合山区高速公路特点及其事故特点,提出改进的鉴别指数与非定长分段法相结合的适合山区高速公路的混合鉴别方法,最后在包茂高速(西安—榆林)铜川段进行实例验证,证明了该方法的有效性。     

基于马尔可夫过程的快速路OD矩阵估计方法

为得到城市快速路网络的OD矩阵,引入马尔可夫理论.运用吸收马尔可夫过程对快速路网络进行建模分析,给出相应求解算法推导路段流量,小区OD矩阵表达式,并介绍了运用MATLAB软件进行矩阵求解的方法.最后进行了算例分析,利用VISSIM仿真,通过布设线圈检测器,对OD矩阵估计模型及算法进行精度评价.结果显示,模型可很好地拟合...     

小灵便型船运价指数的分析与预测

针对航运运价指数分析中所关注的若干问题,首先采用统计方法验证了小灵便型船运价指数BHI(Baltic Handysize Index)与市场运价的相动性,并对BHI自身所存在的周期性及趋势性进行了研究,最后建立了用于BHI指数预测的ARMA(Auto-Regressive Moving Average)模型.研究表明:BHI可以如实反映市场运价变动趋势;其虽然存在很大的随机性,但总体上仍具有一定的规律性;可以基于长期趋势性、季节性等的分析和处理,建立相应的预测模型.     

舰船风浪失速计算新模式

舰船在风浪中的失速预报难以满足海上实践需求,是当前航海科学技术领域亟待解决的课题.通过对失速预报精度不高的三个主要原因进行了分析,明确了解决问题的思路.首先,提出了获取当前海浪谱的两种方案;其次.强调了必须会面计算波浪增阻、风增阻、螺旋桨推力损失、艏摇增阻,并一一给出了优化的计算公式;最后,通过对比功率一航速曲线得到失...     

谐波和间谐波参数估计的新方法

为解决谐波和间谐波参数估计受噪声影响的难题,从被检测信号噪声的基本特性出发,提出了一种基于现代互谱、总体最小二乘、旋转不变参数估计和改进普罗尼技术的谐波和间谐波参数估计新方法.该方法采用互谱技术处理不同采样序列的互相关矩阵;根据不同时刻白噪声相互独立的原理划分信号子空间和噪声子空间,并结合总体最小二乘与旋转不变参数估计判定被检测信号的频率;最后,根据白噪声均值为0的特性,采用改进普罗尼技术估计信号分量的幅值和初始相角.仿真结果表明,该方法在低信噪比环境下可检测出多个子信号,且频率的相对误差均小于0.4%,而耗时仅0.058 s,具有良好的估计精度和估计效率.     

Model test for dynamic construction mechanical effect of large-span loess tunnel

It has been a focus of debate for a large time on construction methods for large-span loess tunnel. Reasonable construction method has much effect on stability of tunnel and construction schedule. Deformation and failure of surrounding rock are quite complex. Associating with the large-span loess tunnel of Zhengzhou—Xi’an high-speed passenger rail line in China, large scale model test with geometric proportion 1:20 is applied to study on dynamic mechanical behavior of various construction methods. They include full-face excavation with support and no support, and benching method with support. It is found that pre-deformation and stress accumulation take place ahead of working face. The effects of three construction methods are further studied, particularly in terms of tunnel displacement and stress changes. It is revealed that benching method transfers load to an unexcavated area, limits horizontal deformation, reduces stress concentration effectively, lengthens the distance between location of peak for stress concentration and working face, and consequently increases stability. The model test results not only supply theoretical foundation for determination of reasonable construction method, but also can act as reference for similar tunnel and underground engineering construction.     

Fusion of remote sensing images based on nonsubsampled contourlet transform and region segmentation

The purpose of remote sensing images fusion is to produce a fused image that contains more clear, accurate and comprehensive information than any single image. A novel fusion method is proposed in this paper based on nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) and region segmentation. Firstly, the multispectral image is transformed to intensity-hue-saturation (IHS) system. Secondly, the panchromatic image and the component intensity of the multispectral image are decomposed by NSCT. Then the NSCT coefficients of high and low frequency subbands are fused by different rules, respectively. For the high frequency subbands, the fusion rules are also unalike in the smooth and edge regions. The two regions are segregated in the panchromatic image, and the segmentation is based on particle swarm optimization. Finally, the fusion image can be obtained by performing inverse NSCT and inverse IHS transform. The experimental results are evaluated by both subjective and objective criteria. It is shown that the proposed method can obtain superior results to others.