The role of professional associations in shipping

This article is in three parts. The first covers the historical development of qualifying associations. The second covers the particular role of maritime institutions that include The Royal Institution of Naval Architects, The Institute of Marine Engineering Science and Technology and The Nautical Institute. The third and final section considers the future for maritime professional associations in the context of international shipping.     

对上市公司募集资金使用低效的动因分析

上市公司募集资金的目的就是为解决公司资金短缺问题,为了更好的投资公司认为能为公司带来更高收益的项目,以提高公司市场价值。可现实并非如此,很多公司通过发行股票、金融债券等形式为公司募集了大量的资金,但在资金使用上显得并不那么高效。甚至有些公司把募集来的资金存入银行等而不用于项目投资,造成资金大量闲置浪费了社会资源。本文针对这些问题,从公司外部环境和公司内部管理两个方面,分析了造成募集资金使用效率低下的因素。     

客运专线道岔技术研究

国外高速铁路设计理念以安全性为第一要求,以提高旅行舒适度为首要设计指标。在消化吸收国外先进技术的基础上,结合我国客运专线道岔建设和运营实践,提出我国客运专线道岔技术方案,对250km/h和350km/h客运专线道岔技术特点、道岔的主要设计参数和平面线性、通用性进行了分析,提出客运专线道岔结构中转辙器、辙叉、道岔区轨下基础、扣件系统、转换和锁闭设备的技术性能和要求,并根据试验结果优化道岔设计,推进道岔的升级和更新换代。     

混苯接触工人尿中代谢物的实验研究

采用薄层层析法测定混苯接触工人尿中马尿酸和甲苯马尿酸的排出量，同时，测定车间空气中甲苯和二甲苯浓度，结果提示尿中代谢物浓度与车间空气浓度和接触时间的乘积有高度相关性，认为可以作为生物监测指标。     

一种新型的主机调速系统

针对全回转舵桨汽车渡船，提出了一种新型的主机气控调速系统，并对其工作原理、调速方法及调压阀设计作了简要分析。     

基于漂移量的航道宽度算法浅析

航道宽度的确定是港口建设及维护必须的.以往的港口航道宽度是由<海港平面设计规范>JTJ211-99中的公式确定的,由于其中的公式是建立在经验取值的基础上的,因此确定的航道宽度太宽,不利于节省港口水域资源,且在流速大于1m/s时该公式就由于其中的满载船舶漂移倍数n和风流压偏角的值无法确定而失效.本文提出一种基于漂移量的航道宽度算法,该算法适用范围广且可在确保安全的基础上大幅度节省航宽.     

A review of the Effect of α/W ratio on fracture toughness （Ⅱ） experimental investigation in LEFM

In part I of this series, experimental investigation in EPFM （elastic-plastic fracture mechanics） had been discussed. In this paper, experimental investigation in LEFM （ linear elastic fracture mechanics） is given. Fracture toughness tests had been carried out on three different strength steels, using both through-cracked specimens with different α/W ratio and semi-elliptical cracked specimens with variable crack size and shape. Results show that the fracture toughness KIC increases with decreasing α/W when α/W 〈 0.3 for three-point-bend specimens, and that for α/W 〉 0.3, it is independent of α/W. Shallow crack specimens, both through-cracked and surface-cracked, gave markedly higher values than deeply notched specimens. However, the effect of crack shape on fracture toughness is negligible. Results also show that the LEFM approach to fracture is not tenable for design stresses where αc is often very small, far less than 2.5 （ KIC/σy）^2.     

追求更经济合理的列车运营速度

<正>宁杭城际铁路于2013年7月1日正式通车,其设计速度为350 km/h。运营初期最高运营速度为300 km/h。这一速度乍看没有什么新的突破;细思之,则其设计理念已悄然发生了变化,那就是"追求更经济合理的列车运营速度"。这是值得肯定的。2010年8月开通的沪宁城际铁路全长300.33 km,设31座车站,平均站间距约10 km,最高运营速度为350km/h;2010年10月开通的沪杭城际铁路全长160 km,设9座车站,平均站间距20 km,最高运营速度为350km/h;而宁杭城际铁路全长248.96 km,设11座车站,平均站间距约25 km,最高运营速度为350 km/h。在这3条城际铁路中,如从经济合理的角     

地铁列车运行引起建筑物二次辐射噪声执行标准探讨

分析我国城市轨道交通环境影响评价中,关于列车运行引起的建筑物二次辐射噪声参考标准的适宜性,并根据二次辐射噪声原理和定义,探讨了城市轨道交通列车运行引起的建筑物二次辐射噪声宜执行的相关标准及评价量。     

Micro-Grinding Performance of Hard-Brittle Chip Materials in Precision Micro-Grinding Microgroove

The micro-structure on hard-brittle chip materials (HBCMs) surface can produce predominant functions and features. The micro-grinding with diamond wheel micro-tip is an efficient method to machine microstructure on HBCMs. However, different HBCMs and crystal orientation may have a significant influence on the micro-grinding performance. In this paper, the micro-grinding performance along different crystal orientation of HBCMs is investigated. First, a dressed 600^# diamond grinding wheel is used to micro-grind micro-structure on HBCMs. Then, the experiment of micro-grinding force test is completed. Finally, the quality of microgroove, the grinding ratio and the micro-grinding force are investigated and they are related to the crystal orientation of HBCMs. It is shown that the stronger resistance to the micro-crack propagation has the best quality of microgroove and the smallest grinding ratio. Moreover, the hardest single-crystal SiC has the best machinability and the micro-grinding force is 38.9%, 10.8% and 46.8% less than the one of sapphire, single-crystal Si and quartz glass, respectively. The direction to micro-grind easily is the crystal orientation 〈10\(\overline 1 \)0〉 for single-crystal SiC and sapphire. In addition, the micro-grinding force increases with the increase of the micro-grinding depth and feed rate and decreases with the increase of the grinding wheel speed.