Optimal Threshold Policies for Robust Data Center Control

With the simultaneous rise of energy costs and demand for cloud computing, efficient control of data centers becomes crucial. In the data center control problem, one needs to plan at every time step how many servers to switch on or off in order to meet stochastic job arrivals while trying to minimize electricity consumption. This problem becomes particularly challenging when servers can be of various types and jobs from different classes can only be served by certain types of server, as it is often the case in real data centers. We model this problem as a robust Markov decision process (i.e., the transition function is not assumed to be known precisely). We give sufficient conditions (which seem to be reasonable and satisfied in practice) guaranteeing that an optimal threshold policy exists. This property can then be exploited in the design of an efficient solving method, which we provide. Finally, we present some experimental results demonstrating the practicability of our approach and compare with a previous related approach based on model predictive control.     

Characteristics analysis for travel behavior of transportation hub passengers using mobile phone data

The travel behavior of passengers from the transportation hub within the city area is critical for travel demand analysis, security monitoring, and supporting traffic facilities designing. However, the traditional methods used to study the travel behavior of the passengers inside the city are time and labor consuming. The records of the cellular communication provide a potential huge data source for this study to follow the movement of passengers. This study focuses on the passengers’ travel behavior of the Hongqiao transportation hub in Shanghai, China, utilizing the mobile phone data. First, a systematic and novel method is presented to extract the trip information from the mobile phone data. Several key travel characteristics of passengers, including passengers traveling inside the city and between cities, are analyzed and compared. The results show that the proposed method is effective to obtain the travel trajectories of mobile phone users. Besides, the travel behavior of incity passengers and external passengers are quite different. Then, the correlation analysis of the passengers’ travel trajectories is provided to research the availability of the comprehensive area. Moreover, the results of the correlation analysis further indicate that the comprehensive area of the Hongqiao hub plays a relatively important role in passengers’ daily travel.

     

专家系统在公路工程中的应用探讨

目前,专家系统在国外的各行各业都得到了普遍应用。本文简要介绍了专家系统的概况优越性和未来的发展,较详细的介绍了专家系统在公路方面的应用。该文对我们推广应用专家系统在公路工程中的应用有一定的启迪。     

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通过常规阶段和奥运期间对出租车运行特征的监测与对比分析,研究奥运期间在交通限行背景下出租车出行规律和特征,评价出租车客运系统供给能力和运行效率,研究影响交通特征变化的有关因素,从而为今后大型活动的交通保障工作积累经验。研究结果表明,奥运期间出租车出车率达到92.26%,日均客运量较赛前增加19.2%,出租车空驶率由赛前的46.05%降低到37.06%;76.31%的受访者认为出租车运行速度较赛前有明显提高,而仅28.85%的受访者认为出租车候车时间明显变短,出租车服务水平还有待进一步提高。     

5-羟色胺转运体基因多态性和抑郁症的发病、性别、严重程度及自杀行为的相关性

目的探讨中国汉族人群5-羟色胺转运体启动区(5-HTTLPR)基因多态性和抑郁症的发病、性别、严重程度及自杀是否相关。方法应用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)扩增技术测定150例抑郁症患者和150例正常对照者的5-HT-TLPR基因型和等位基因,分别验证各种基因型与中、重度抑郁症发病、性别及自杀行为的相关性。结果病例组SS、LS基因型及S等位基因频率均高于对照组(26.0% vs.20.0%;52.7% vs.46.0%;52.3% vs.43.0%;P均<0.05);两组性别分层比较,女性S等位基因频率高于对照组(55.3% vs.43.6%,P<0.05);病例组严重程度分层比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);病例组有无自杀行为分层比较,有自杀行为患者SS基因型频率(37.3% vs.20.2%)及S等位基因频率(61.8% vs.47.5%)均高于无自杀行为患者(P<0.05);抑郁自杀组性别分层比较未显示显著性差异(P>0.05);抑郁自杀组病情程度分层比较,重度抑郁自杀者SS基因型频率(42.5% vs.18.2%)及S等位基因频率(68.7% vs.36.4%)均高于中度抑郁自杀者(P<0.05)。结论在中国汉族人群中,5-HTTLPR多态性和抑郁症相关。S等位基因可能是抑郁症的易感基因,特别是女性,SS型可能是抑郁症易感基因型;S等位基因可能是抑郁症患者自杀的危险基因,SS基因型人群可能是抑郁症患者自杀的危险人群,特别是携带S等位基因的重度抑郁症患者更易自杀。     

油底壳有限元模态分析及实验验证

以EQ491型发动机油底壳为研究对象,通过有限元法得到了油底壳模型的固有频率和振型,运用模态实验技术,验证了有限元模型的合理性。在原始有限元模型的基础上,对油底壳模型进行约束模态分析,验证了油底壳结构的合理性,即油底壳固有频率远大于发动机机体激振频率。     

兆瓦级风力发电机导电杆组件温度场分析

随着风力发电机的容量不断提高,发电机的功率损耗和温升较为严重,双馈风力发电机中导电杆组件的温度变化较高,直接关系着整机的寿命和安全运行。通过有限体积法,结合导电杆组件各部分传热,仿真分析了瞬态传热时导电杆组件的温度场,结果表明,铜杆圆柱凸台与环氧树脂绝缘层存在最大的温度变化,产生的热应力容易损害导电杆组件。     

海工中压电力系统接地方式的选择与设计

对电力系统几种常用的接地方式进行分析比较,得出海工中压电力系统最适合中性点经高电阻接地的结论。在介绍分析高电阻接地的主要连接方式和接地故障电流电路模型的基础上,阐述接地设备参数选取的计算方法与原则。并结合实例,演示了单相接地故障电流和接地电阻/变压器参数计算及接地保护装置参数设定的全过程,为大型海洋工程和船舶中压系统接地方案的选择、系统设计和实际应用提供了较为全面的理论依据和有益参考。     

城市重大交通工程项目的交通影响分析研究——以温州市瓯江隧道工程为例

重大交通工程项目必将给城市交通的时空分布带来重大影响,甚至影响整个城市路网交通形态。从区域经济和交通区位势角度考察重大交通工程项目的地位、作用,以其功能定位为关键,从区域和市域两个层面探讨了自然增长型OD量、诱增型OD量和城市跨越式发展的OD当量增长的综合交通需求预测;采用重大交通工程项目与城市交通网络相互关联,相互影响的观点,运用EMME／2规划软件进行了多方案的评价、分析,给出了定量结果。提出的城市重大交通工程项目的交通影响分析的理念、思路、方法对重大交通工程项目的工程可行性研究具有一定的借鉴意义。     

工厂电力负荷用电量实时监控系统开发应用

介绍了工厂电力负荷及用电量参数实时监控系统的组成、原理、功能以及软、硬件的开发研究过程。通过对用电单位的用电状况实时监测,为用电部门提供电网运行电量数据。该系统运行安全可靠,功能强大,电力数据采集和报表查询准确、全面。