射线垂距法进行象对相对定向的理论与方法

在解析空中三角测量中,其象点坐标的量测误差是不可避免的。所谓同名点并非真正同名,象对左右射线束里的相应光线不可能同时相交。通过移动和转动一个线来的位置,可使对应射线间的垂直距离平方和最小,从而决定出最可能的相应交点,作为相对定向的结果。象对中的点数不限于六个,可增多到十四个或更多,但仍仅只有五个法方程式。本文中的数值实例结果表明,这种理论和方法是可行的。     

谈企业定额动态管理

对加强企业定额动态管理的必要性及可行性进行了分析，提出了企业定额动态管理的途径。     

提速列车餐车厨房排气装置的改进及试验

针对列车提速以后餐车厨房排气装置不能满足要求的现状，提出从轴流式风机的选型入手，加大电机功率，提高风量、风压、进行了风量、风压的试验测量。但随着排气静压的提高，噪声干扰也明显超标。故此同时作排风帽的改进，即改为导流式风帽，并做了排气性能比较试验，获得满意的改进效果。     

Transit trip distribution model considering land use differences between catchment areas

Sustainable land use planning and advanced public transport system are believed to be effective solutions to traffic congestion. To this end, it is important to reveal the relationship between transit ridership and land use. However, current Direct Ridership Models only focus on the relationship between single station's boarding volume and the corresponding catchment area land use. This paper analyzed the ridership distribution between transit stations by considering the land use difference between catchment areas. Land use difference was calculated from point of interest (POI) data extracted from an electronic map of Beijing; transit trip distribution volume was obtained from ‘automatic fare collection’ facility. After data specification, a transit ridership distribution model was proposed and calibrated. The calibration results suggest that land use difference has a directly proportional correlation with transit ridership distribution. The research findings build a bridge between detailed urban form and public transport, which is of significance for the further research of sustainable urban planning. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

汽车制造产能挖掘的探索与实践-质量管理篇

广汽传祺近年来快速发展,销量屡攀新高,现有工厂已经达成设计标准产能,仍远不能满足市场需求,同时新工厂尚在规划建设中。迫切需要挖掘现有工厂的生产极限,最大限度满足市场需求。整车制造一部通过长期深度挖掘产能极限的探索和实践,行业内首次成功实现整车工厂长时间连续运行三班两运转生产体制,在不实施任何投资和技术改造的前提下,直接将原有工厂生产能力提升约50%。文章对整车制造一部两年来在探索和实践三班两运转生产体制过程中遇到的质量管理课题及解决方案进行总结和整理。     

一种基于冰载荷引起的船体结构疲劳损伤分析方法

目前对基于冰载荷引起的船体结构强度问题已经发展的较为成熟,但是基于冰载荷引起的结构疲劳强度的研究比较少。针对该问题,如果有一种简化方法来指导早期的结构设计,对船舶设计者来说是很有现实意义的。本文对英国劳氏船级社发布的ShipRight FDA ICE_^[1]作概括性的介绍,旨在向读者介绍这一简单而高效的评估方法以及技术背景和注意要点等。最后文章根据这一方法给出数条油船和LNG船的算例,并验证通过该方法改善疲劳节点的可行性。     

Detecting Premature Ventricular Contraction in Children with Deep Learning

Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are abnormal heart beats that indicate potential heart diseases. Diagnosis of PVCs is made by physicians examining long recordings of electrocardiogram (ECG), which is onerous and time-consuming. In this study, deep learning was applied to develop models that can detect PVCs in children automatically. This computer-aided diagnosis model achieved high accuracy while sustained stable performance. It could save time and repeated efforts for physicians, enabling them to focus on more complicated tasks.This study is a first step toward children’s PVC auto-detection in clinics. Further study will improve the model’s performance with optimized structure and more data in different sources, while facing the challenges of the variety and uncertainty of children’s ECG with heart diseases.     

Duration analysis for recurrent ship accidents

About 63% of the world’s shipping accidents are recurrent—they occur to ships that have already experienced at least one prior accident. Therefore, reducing recurrent accidents can contribute significantly to maritime safety. We study the factors affecting both first and recurrent accidents, by focusing on the duration between two accidents. Cox proportional hazard models are applied to ship accident data from 1996 to 2015, and the results identify which ships have a high risk of recurrent accidents, based on ship attributes, ship supply and market conditions, shipbuilding country, previous accident type, and ship type. The recurrent rate is high when the ship involved in the accident is old, small, flies a flag of convenience, and has no detention record. In addition, the accident risk increases when the shipping market faces a high bunker price, overcapacity in supply, a high time charter rate, or low newbuilding price. On the other hand, ships built in China and Japan have lower recurrent accident rates than those built elsewhere, although ships built in China have earlier first accidents than do others. General cargo ships have the highest recurrent accident rate, followed by dry bulkers, container ships, and tankers, in that order.     

Evaluating the maneuverability of a new type of self-propelled barge

A new type of self-propelled barge was designed specifically for use on the Chishui River. This paper presents experimental results of its performance from tests in water of different depths,while bearing different loads. For test purposes,one of the best self-propelled barges from the Chishui River was used as a performance reference. The comparison showed that the new design has better maneuvering performance.     

A practical identifier design of road variations for anti-lock brake system

Emergency brake technologies have always been a major interest of vehicle active safety-related studies. On homogeneous surfaces, traditional anti-lock brake system (ABS) can achieve efficient braking performance and maintain the handling capability as well. However, when road conditions are time variant during the braking process, or different at the bilateral wheels, braking stability performance is likely to be degraded. To address this problem and enhance ABS performances, a practical identifier of road variations is developed in this study. The proposed identifier adopts a statechart-based approach and is hierarchically constructed with a wheel layer and a full vehicle layer identifier. Based on the identification results, modifications are made to a four-phase wheel-behaviour-based ABS controller to enhance its performance. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed identifier in collaborating with the modified ABS controller are examined via simulations and further validated by track tests under various practical braking scenarios.