构建中国铁路政府监管框架体系的研究

现代竞争与监管理论的发展，推动了在20世纪80年代以来世界范围的铁路打破垄断、引入竞争和放松监管的改革。鉴于铁路在国民经济和社会发展中的重要作用及其固有的自然垄断性，各国政府依然十分重视对铁路的监管，以促进公平竞争和实现社会福利最大化。中国铁路实施政企分开、打破垄断和引入竞争机制的改革过程中，近期在铁道部内构建独立于铁路企业，并与政府宏观政策部门相对独立的监管机构，对铁路企业在垄断、竞争、安全、技术标准与规范等方面实施监管，是比较现实和可行的选择。     

新型一次成膜轨迹设计方法在2K清漆喷涂上的研究及应用

为了减少2K清漆喷涂耗量,提升喷涂涂着效率,某生产基地涂装车间2K清漆喷涂线上开发应用了一套新型一次成膜轨迹设计方法.通过对雾化器静电喷涂的涂着效率进行理论研究和喷涂测试,设计出最优的轨迹和喷涂参数.结合现场实车喷涂验证,相同外观和漆膜厚度下,2K清漆采用新一次成膜喷涂相比传统二次成膜单车耗量显著降低.     

基于试件尺度对矿料承载比CBR的影响及其变异性

CBR-V(力学-体积法)矿料配合比设计方法的思路是将一个矿质集料配合比设计分为两部分,即骨架部分的力学设计(CBR)和密实部分的体积(V)设计.由于骨架部分的研究对象是散体材料,若采用土的承载比(CBR)试验方法直接进行测定,则所测CBR值的离散性较大,以至于无法使用.为解决CBR试验结果离散性大的问题,在已有研究的...     

混合动力汽车发动机转矩突变过程动态协调控制

针对混合动力汽车急加速时由于混合气瞬间加浓引起动态油耗增加的问题,本文中提出了基于转矩动态补偿的混合动力汽车发动机转矩突变过程动态协调控制方法。设计了基于转矩变化率限制的发动机转矩控制策略,避免了发动机转矩突变过程中动态油耗的增加,同时保证了加速过程中整车的动力性。实车试验结果表明,提出的动态协调控制方法不仅降低了加速过程中发动机的动态油耗,同时提高了整车动力性。     

Contrast of partial coefficient design method and design method based on reliability indexEI北大核心

Research purposes: By contrast of concept, process, and examples of the partial coefficient design method and the design method based on reliability index, this paper has revealed the essence of the two kinds of design methods, namely for the design method based on reliability index, the concept of probability is directly introduced into design and for the design method of partial coefficient, the probability thought is reflected in the middle of the design, and has analyzed their common and obvious differences, which will provide the guidance for engineering design and research personnel to reasonably choose design method according to the actual situation. Research conclusions: (1) The partial coefficient design method, relatively simple, safe, suitable for conventional design, is a practical design method. (2) Reliable indicator design method, which can give attention to both safety and economy, the design process is complex, suitable for special design, is the ideal design way and the method of scientific research. (3) For the retaining structure engineering design, the partial coefficient method can be adopted. (4) The research conclusion has guiding significance for engineering design and research personnel to choose the retaining structure design method.     

港口大宗散货码头带式输送机减电机节能技术分析

鉴于港口煤炭、矿石等大宗散货码头用长距离带式输送机经常在轻载状态下运行,输送机所需要的传动功率较低,出现严重的＂大马拉小车＂现象,导致输送机能耗较高,系统功率因数较低的情况,分析了带式输送机减电机节能运行的可行性和关键技术,开发了输送机减电机运行计算软件,给出了散货码头带式输送机减电机运行的合理建议。     

中压舰船电力系统分布电容估计

系统分布电容大小是决定接地方式及接地装置参数的重要因素,本文通过计算发电机、变压器、母排 及电缆的分布电容经验公式,得到了无中压负载舰船的分布电容大小,为接地方式的确定提供技术依据.     

大型三角闸门在中高水头船闸中的应用分析

三角闸门因其具有能承受双向水头,并且能在动水时启闭,启闭力小,使用灵活等优点,使其在感潮河段的低水头中小型船闸上得到广泛应用。本文结合引江济汉通航工程龙洲垸船闸三角闸门的结构、结构计算以及闸门启闭机运行特点进行了介绍,为大型三角闸门在中高水头船闸中的应用提供参考。     

Robust and real-time guidewire simulation based on Kirchhoff elastic rod for vascular intervention training

Virtual reality （VR） based vascular intervention training is a fascinating innovation, which helps trainees develop skills in safety remote from patients. The vascular intervention training involves the use of flexible tipped guidewires to advance diagnostic or therapeutic catheters into a patient＇s vascular anatomy. In this paper, a real-time physically-based modeling approach is proposed to simulate complicated behaviors of guidewires and catheters based on Kirchhoff elastic rod. The slender body of guidewire and catheter is simulated using more efficient special case of naturally straight, isotropic Kirchhoff rods, and the short flexible tip composed of straight or angled design is modeled using more complex generalized Kirchhoff rods. We derive the equations of motion for guidewire and catheter with continuous elastic energy~ and then they were discretized using a linear implicit scheme that guarantees stability and robustness. In addition, we apply a fast-projection method to enforce the inextensibility of guidewire and catheter, while an adaptive sampling algorithm is implemented to improve the simulation efficiency without reducing accuracy. Experimental results reveal that our guidewire simulation method is both robust and efficient in a real-time performance.     

过量空气系数和点火提前角对CNG发动机NOX排放性能的影响

试验研究了过量空气系数和点火提前角对稀燃电控调压器式天然气发动机的燃烧以及排放的影响。试验过程对全工况的排放和动力进行了稳态优化。研究结果表明,在其他影响参数不变的情况下,随着点火提前角的减小和过量空气系数的增加,扭矩和NOX排放均降低。在匹配氧化型催化转化器后,各工况选取适当的点火提前角和过量空气系数可以满足国Ⅴ的排放标准。