Mirror Mapping of Laser Interferometer Measurement System on Ultra-precise Movement Stage

The accuracy and repeatability of the laser interferometer measurement system （LIMS） are often limited by the mirror surface error that comes from the mirror surface shape and distortion. This paper describes a new method to calibrate mirror map on ultraprecise movement stage （UPMS） with nanopositioning and to make a real-time compensation for the mirror surface error by using mirror map data tables with the software algorithm. Based on the mirror map test model, the factors affecting mirror map are analyzed through geometric method on the UPMS with six digrees of freedom. Dam processing methods including spline interpolation and spline offsets are used to process the raw sampling data to build mirror map tables. The linear interpolation as compensation method to make a real-time correction on the stage mirror unflatness is adopted and the correction formulas are illuminated. In this way, the measurement accuracy of the system is obviously improved from 40 nm to 5 nm.     

Application of digital image correlation method to in-situ dynamic strain measurement

Application of digital image correlation (DIC) method to determination of in-situ dynamic strain is presented in this study. Firstly, an integrative software is programmed based on the DIC algorithms and point-wise least-squares fitting technique. Then, simulated speckle images are generated to study the computational accuracy of this software. The experimental setup and procedures for measuring in-situ dynamic strain through both DIC and strain gauge are proposed. The DIC results are close to those measured by strain gauge. This fact reveals that DIC is a practical and effective tool for in-situ dynamic strain measurement. Finally, the full-field in-situ dynamic strain of another specimen is measured by DIC, and the overall distribution of the strain in the measurement area is clearly shown.     

集装箱船舶装箱排序问题的两阶段算法

集装箱船舶装箱排序问题综合集装箱装船顺序与船舶贝内排箱,是一类典型的组合优化问题.考虑堆场发箱顺序和船舶配载之间的关联,构建集装箱船舶装箱排序问题的数学模型.针对构建的优化模型,鉴于已有方法难以直接对其进行求解,基于两阶段分层求解思想设计SWO-HES两阶段算法.算法第1阶段利用吱呀轮算法(SWO)大邻域导向式搜索的特点优化集装箱装船顺序问题;第2阶段将SWO的结果作为输入,基于启发式规则和演化策略算法(ES)构造混合演化策略算法(HES)优化船舶贝内排箱问题.最后,通过不同规模算例的研究,将SWO-HES与常见智能算法、基于实际装船规则的启发式算法进行对比分析,验证模型与算法的有效性.     

DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF GENES IN OMENTAL FAT OF NORMAL WEIGHT AND OBESE SUBJECTS AND OBESE DIABETIC PATIENTS USING cDNA MICROARRAY

Objective To identify genes differentially expressed in omental fat of normal weight subjects,obese subjects and obese diabetic patients. Methods Using a high-density cDNA microarray, gene expression profile of omental fat from normal weigh subjects, obese subjects and obese diabetic patients were compared.Results Totally, 119 and 257 genes were up-regulated in obese subjects and obese diabetic patients respectively,while 46 and 58 genes were down-regulated. A total of 77 genes, including PDK4, which switched from carbohydrate to fatty acids as the primary source of fuel, were up-regulated in both obese and obese diabetic patients, while 8 genes, including key enzymes in lipid synthesis, such as HMG-CoA synthase, fatty acid synthase and stearoyl-CoA desaturase, were down-regulated in both groups. Tyrosine-3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein θ ( YWHAZ) , a negative regulator for insulin signal transduction, was up-regulated only in obese diabetic patient, but not in normal-glycemic obese subjects. Conclusion The study demonstrated that decrease of lipogenesis along with increase of fatty acids oxidation of adipose tissue could be a common cause of insulin resistance in obesity and type 2 diabetes, while block of insulin signal transduction may trigger the transition from obesity to diabetes. Further exploration of these genes will be useful in the understanding of the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes.     

新能源公交车辆大数据决策支持平台的研究

新能源汽车具有能源利用效率高、环境污染小、适用清洁能源种类多、噪声低、方便保养、安全性高等优点,成为未来公共交通发展的重点方向。为了实现更高的信息化程度,为国内大型城市的新能源公交车辆的规模化应用提供便利,相关的信息化系统平台的建设非常重要。大数据技术为新能源公交车辆决策支持平台建立了数据分析与应用基础,该大数据决策支持平台能够存储、处理来自不同数据源的多维数据,利用联机分析处理实现多维度数据分析,运用数据挖掘技术利用新能源公交车辆信息,提供新能源车辆充电决策、充电场地建设决策、电池容量及衰退分析等功能。     

预应力T梁桥跨中横隔梁力学分析与维修加固

以预应力简支T梁桥为对象,建立了实体单元有限元模型,在对称和偏载作用下分别计算了有无横梁情况时的响应并进行了比较分析,结果说明中横梁对大桥受力状态特别是翼缘板的受力状态有较大的作用。根据这一结论,对该桥主要采取了增加跨中横隔梁的加固措施。     

土基模量对水泥混凝土路面轮载疲劳开裂损伤的影响

基于有限元软件KENSLABS, 构建了水泥混凝土路面轮载损伤计算模型, 引入地基季节调整系数与零养护疲劳准则, 分析了土基模量整体削弱对路面疲劳开裂指数的影响, 探讨了当量轴载系数与多轴通过一次的计算次数对土基模量的依赖性, 研究了不同土基模量下板厚、水泥混凝土抗弯拉强度、单轴轴重、单轴每日重复作用次数等核心路面设计参数与路面开裂指数的关系。研究结果表明: 水泥混凝土路面疲劳开裂指数随着地基季节调整系数的减小而增大, 增大速度随地基季节调整系数的减小而加快, 当地基季节调整系数从1.0减小为0.8和从0.4减小为0.2时, 在单轴、双轴和三轴荷载作用下, 路面开裂指数分别增大了2.8、2.9、1.5倍和49.8、269.0、1 351.4倍; 当量轴载系数与多轴通过一次的重复计算次数受到板厚与土基模量的影响, 在土基模量为60 MPa, 板厚为15cm或35cm时, 单轴荷载比双轴荷载更易产生损伤, 双轴荷载比三轴荷载更易产生损伤, 在土基模量为20MPa, 板厚为15cm时也是如此, 但在土基模量为20MPa, 板厚为35cm时, 结论则与前相反; 水泥混凝土路面疲劳开裂指数随着面板厚度、水泥混凝土抗弯拉强度、单轴轴重、单轴每日重复作用次数而改变的幅度与土基模量直接相关, 当土基模量为20、60 MPa时, 面板厚度从21cm增加到25cm, 疲劳开裂指数分别减小1.18×10、1.18×10^-2, 当混凝土抗弯拉强度从4.0 MPa增大到4.4 MPa, 疲劳开裂指数分别减小1.28、2.20×10^-3, 当单轴轴重从80kN增大到160kN时, 疲劳开裂指数分别增大5.48、7.36×10^-3, 当单轴荷载每日重复作用次数从50增加到90时, 疲劳开裂指数分别增大2.05×10 -1、5.07×10^-4; 增设厚度为15cm的水泥稳定基层后, 设定工况下的路面疲劳开裂设计寿命增加3.42年; 在提高土基模量的同时, 宜优先考虑适当增加板厚, 严禁超载, 设置水泥稳定基层等措施, 可以控制水泥混凝土路面受轮载作用的疲劳开裂破坏。     

再论高桩码头上起重机钢轨固定技术

目前国内高桩码头上起重机钢轨的固定方法,多采用的是欧洲先进的起重机钢轨固定技术,其使用情况比过去有了很大改善,但对于这种技术许多港口工程设计者只是应用而已,至于对为什么如此了解较肤浅,作为港口工程的设计人员应该了解其发展过程,演变的原因到底是什么,新方法的特点又是哪些,尽管是港口设计中很小的一部分,也应当掌握。为此作者把收集到的资料加以汇总编写成此文。     

Auto CAD与TRIBON M3在水尺标志放样中的应用对比

船舶的水尺标志是船舶装载量测定和航行安全的重要标记,因此,船东和验船部门对其定位要求非常严格。以散货船为例,介绍了分别运用Auto CAD与TRIBON M3进行水尺字放样的方法。通过对比分析可见,运用TRIBON M3进行水尺字放样,不仅大大缩短了消耗工时,而且很大程度的提高了水尺定位精准度。