Three-dimensional fluid-structure interaction case study on cubical fluid cavity with flexible bottom

In this paper, we report our study on a numerical fluid-structure interaction problem originally presented by Mok et al.(2001) in two dimensions and later studied in three dimensions by Valdés Vazquez(2007), Lombardi(2012), and Trimarchi(2012). We focus on a 3D test case in which we evaluated the sensitivity of several input parameters on the fluid and structural results. In particular, this analysis provides a starting point from which we can look deeper into specific aspects of these simulations and analyze more realistic cases, e.g., in sails design. In this study, using the commercial software ADINATM, we addressed a well-known unsteadiness problem comprising a square box representing the fluid domain with a flexible bottom modeled with structural shell elements. We compared data from previously published work whose authors used the same numerical approach, i.e., a partitioned approach coupling a finite volume solver(for the fluid domain) and a finite element solver(for the solid domain). Specifically, we established several benchmarks and made comparisons with respect to fluid and solid meshes, structural element types, and structural damping, as well as solution algorithms. Moreover, we compared our method with a monolithic finite element solution method. Our comparisons of new and old results provide an outline of best practices for such simulations.     

Evaluating air emission inventories and indicators from cruise vessels at ports

This paper provides an estimation of air emissions (CO₂, NO_X, SO_X and PM) released by cruise vessels at the port level. The methodology is based on the “full bottom-up” approach and starts by evaluating the fuel consumed by each vessel on the basis of its individual port activities (manoeuvring, berthing and hoteling). The Port of Barcelona was selected as the site at which to perform the analysis, in which 125 calls of 30 cruise vessels were monitored. Real-time data from the automatic identification system (AIS), factor emissions from engine certificates and vessel characteristics from IHS Sea-web database were also collected for the analysis. The research findings show that the most appropriate indicators are inventory emissions per “port-time gross tonnage”, “port-time passenger” and “port time”. These emission indicators improve our understanding of cruise emissions and will facilitate the work that aims to estimate reliably and quickly the in-port ship emission inventories of cruise ports.     

Shared pilot passage plan and navigational safety during pilotage

Navigating in confined waters with a pilot aboard requires that the pilot’s intention and plan is understood by all present on the bridge. The present study investigates the effect of having a detailed route plan and monitoring it in the context of pilotage. The aim was to see how the presence of a shared pilot passage plan in the Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) affects the identification and recovery from navigational errors made by a pilot. Twenty participants, 10 with a shared route plan and 10 without, participated as navigators in a simulator scenario involving pilotage in the Oslofjord. Participants were bachelor students in nautical science. The navigation scenarios involved the intentional error by the pilot just before a predefined way point. Three measurements of relevance to navigational safety were recorded: (1) the time it took the participant to express concern, (2) the time it took the participant to correct the error (‘time to recovery’), and (3) the number of groundings. The study revealed that time to express concern and time to recovery were significantly much shorter for the group with a shared pilot passage plan presented in ECDIS than for the group without such a plan. Providing a bridge team with a shared pilot passage plan in ECDIS during pilotage might improve the ability to identify and correct navigational errors.     

Response-based analysis for Tension Leg Platform

The typical industry practice for Tension Leg Platform (TLP) design focuses on a conventional short-term design recipe, which assumes that an N-year design environment leads to an N-year response. In the response-based design method, the TLP is designed to withstand N-year responses rather than respond to N-year environmental conditions. In this paper, we present an overview and a general procedure for the response-based design method and use a case study to compare the critical TLP responses between the two methods. The results of our comparison show that the conventional short-term design method often contains an element of conservatism and that the response-based design method can reduce the design conditions and thereby achieve cost savings.     

Response spectrum method for extreme wave loading with higher order components of drag force

Response spectra of fixed offshore structures impacted by extreme waves are investigated based on the higher order components of the nonlinear drag force. In this way, steel jacket platforms are simplified as a mass attached to a light cantilever cylinder and their corresponding deformation response spectra are estimated by utilizing a generalized single degree of freedom system. Based on the wave data recorded in the Persian Gulf region, extreme wave loading conditions corresponding to different return periods are exerted on the offshore structures. Accordingly, the effect of the higher order components of the drag force is considered and compared to the linearized state for different sea surface levels. When the fundamental period of the offshore structure is about one third of the main period of wave loading, the results indicate the linearized drag term is not capable of achieving a reliable deformation response spectrum.     

B-60型干舷散货船甲板货装载设计

随着航运市场的持续低迷,BDI指数持续走低,全球散货船市场深受运力过剩和货运需求不足影响,越来越多的船东希望在散货船增加甲板货装载,以拓展散货船的利润空间,提高船舶经济效益。在散货船甲板装货,必将对船舶甲板载荷、稳性性能、视线等产生影响,需要在原有船舶设计的基础上,增加对甲板载荷、稳性计算等方面的考核。以某B-60型干舷散货船为例,详细阐述散货船装载甲板货的设计分析。     

乘用车车身水管理设计综述

为提升乘用车车身的防水能力,探讨了车身湿区的水管理方法和阻止车外的水进入车身干区的水管理方法.首先明确了车身湿区、干区的定义和车身湿区、干区的分界面,然后阐述了车身外部的导水、排水设计,后续章节重点分析了外界的水进入车身内部的各类途径,和各类进水途径的封堵方法,最后总结出与防水相关的试验是判定车身密封性能高低的依据.综...     

基于"3S"的大型水上桥梁识别系统

目标识别长期以来一直是图像处理研究的热点之一,在军事和民事方面有重要的应用.文中基于大型桥梁的先验知识,研究了通过水域的纹理特征来检出水域的方法,再应用"3S集成技术",通过数字高程模型(DEM)检出桥梁域,从而提供了对大型水上桥梁识别的一种新方法.     

公路工程项目的分阶段管理

系统论述了工程项目各阶段管理的具体内容,特别对项目实施阶段的质量、进度、成本控制作了详细论述。     

人宫颈癌FHIT基因的表达改变与HPV16感染的关系

目的探讨FHIT基因表达改变和HPV16感染与人宫颈癌发生的关系。方法采用反转录-巢式聚合酶链反应方法测定5种人宫颈癌细胞株(SiHa、HeLa、RJC-1、CS1213、C4-1)和58例宫颈癌组织与18例正常宫颈对照中FHIT mRNA的表达;回收7例FHIT基因不同的转录扩增产物,纯化后进行DNA测序;PCR技术检测组织中HPV16型的感染状况。结果SiHa、HeLa和C4-1宫颈癌细胞中有FHIT基因转录异常;宫颈癌组织中39例(67.2%)存在FHIT基因异常表达,显著高于正常对照组0例(0%)(P<0.05);37例(63.8%)有HPV16感染,显著高于正常对照组1例(5.0%)(P<0.05)。宫颈癌组织中有HPV16感染患者的FHIT基因表达异常数(30/37)显著高于HPV16未感染的患者(9/21),二者之间存在相关性(P<0.01);FHIT基因的异常表达和HPV16的感染与患者的年龄、临床分期、肿瘤直径、病理分级及是否伴淋巴结转移无相关性(P>0.05)。序列分析发现FHIT基因转录本主要存在不同程度的外显子的缺失,以第5位和第6位外显子的缺失为主,未见未知序列的插入和点突变。结论FHIT基因在人宫颈癌组织中的异常表达率明显增高,且与HPV16的感染有关,这些改变可能在人宫颈鳞癌的发生中起着重要作用。