柴油机增压器包覆层隔声性能试验分析及优化设计

提出一种船用增压器的包覆层结构,其内层为绝热材料和吸声材料,外层为金属薄片。采用统计能量法(SEA)建立该结构的中高频段隔声数值模型,开展包覆层的隔声试验,隔声量实测值与仿真结果吻合较好,能验证数值建模的有效性。对包覆层的吸声材料的厚度、密度和流阻等参数进行优化设计,利用正交试验法设计数值试验组,采用极差和方差分析法分析影响材料隔声性能的关键因素,得出最重要的影响因素是材料厚度,在选型设计中还应考虑密度和流阻因素。当安装厚度受限时,可通过改变密度和流阻值来提高材料的隔声量。     

DYNAMIC HUNTING EXTREMUM CONTROL METHOD BASED ON MEASURE AND ESTIMATION

Anextremumcontrolsystembasedoncommonhuntingmethods[1 ] cannotworkwellforindustrialprocesses:becauseofthesysteminertialandtimedelayinfluences,thesystemwillbecomeoscillat ing ,workinwrongstepsorwillbehuntingforalongtimefortheworking process.Thepreviousmethod[2 ] canonlyapplytothesystemthathasafastdynamicprocessoritsdynamicresponsecanbeignored .Thispaper proposedadynamichuntingmethod differencepre estimationandcomparisonmethod .Thismethodcanbeusedinsecond orderorhighordersystemswithlargetimecons…     

126例涎腺肿瘤的免疫组织化学研究

利用S-100蛋白抗体对126例涎腺肿瘤（多形性腺瘤、恶性多形性腺瘤、粘液表皮样癌、腺样囊性癌、基底细胞腺瘤和乳头状囊腺瘤等）进行了免疫组化研究。结果发现:5种肿瘤中都有瘤细胞或部分瘤细胞表达S-100蛋白;但乳头状囊腺瘤的肿瘤性上皮则呈S-100蛋白阴性反应。提示:S-100蛋白抗原在涎腺肿瘤性肌上皮细胞中均有表达。     

A NEW SYSTEM DYNAMIC EXTREMUM SELF-SEARCHING METHOD BASED ON CORRELATION ANALYSIS

Inindustrialprocessesself searchingoptimumcontrolsystemshavebeenwidelyused ,becausetheydonotneedamathematicalmodel,whichhaveblockdiagram (seeFig .1) .Theprincipleistomakethecontrolsystemreachitsoptimumoperatingstatebycontinuousmeasuringandcontrolling.Thenec essaryconditionisthattheplantsmusthaveanex tremumcharacteristic[1 ] .Thekeyofself searchingoptimumcontrolishowtofindthesystemextremum pointautomati cally .Therearemainlytwokindsofself searchingmethods,whicharethecontinuoussearchingandthest…     

血清CPK、LDH、GOT和LAP活性对急性颅脑损伤的诊断价值

对８０例急性颅脑损伤患者血清ＣＰＫ、ＬＤＨ、ＧＯＴ和ＬＡＰ活性进行了测定。结果显示，急性颅脑损伤后血清ＣＰＫ和ＬＤＨ活性显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），而血清ＧＯＴ和ＬＡＰＩ活性升高不明显（Ｐ＞０．０５），至于血清酶活性对判断急性颅脑损伤的脑损伤程度和患者预后的价值有待继续探讨。     

X线引导下的骨骼活检

作者用20~#～23~#穿刺针改制的针芯,尖端呈三棱形、针管为“Z”型切口的骨穿刺针,在X线引导下对200例各种骨疾病进行了穿刺活检。本组未出现并发症,该穿刺针适用于除努椎病变外的各种骨疾病检查。X线引导下的骨骼活检是一种安全、有效的诊断和鉴别诊断方法。     

小鼠前胃癌前病变阻断实验及分子学机制的变化

目的　维甲酸阻断小鼠前胃癌前病变模型 ,观察表皮生长因子受体 (EGFR)、细胞周期素D(CyclinD1)、血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)在小鼠前胃癌变阻断前后的变化规律。方法　将 10 0只ICR雌性小鼠随机分为 3组 :A组(40只 )用诱癌剂诱导 ;B组 (40只 )在第 6周停用诱癌剂后继续灌喂维甲酸 ;C组 (2 0只 )仅服用等量的生理盐水。实验第 77天将小鼠全部处死 ,取前胃组织切片 ,免疫组化染色。结果　B组癌前病变发生率及癌总发生率均较A组明显降低。EGFR、CyclinD1、VEGF在癌变上皮的表达与组织学分级有关。A、B两组EGFR、CyclinD1、VEGF在癌前病变中表达强度与组别无关。VEGF的表达强度随着EGFR的增加而增强 ,而CyClinD1与EGFR、VEGF表达强度无关。结论　EGFR、CyClinD1、VEGF与癌肿的发生密切相关 ,而表达程度与组织学分级关系不大。在癌变过程中EGFR和VEGF有协同作用。维甲酸可降低VEGF的表达水平 ,对小鼠前胃癌前病变有明显的阻断作用。     

CORRELATIONS BETWEEN BLOOD PRESSURE AND BODY WEIGHT, SERUM LEPTIN IN HIGH CALORIE DIET-INDUCED OBESE RATS

Objective To examine the change of body weight （BW） and blood pressure （BP） in obese rats, clarify relationships between BP and BW and other factors. Methods Male Spraque-Dawley rats were fed either with normal diet （ND） or high calorie diet （HC） for 20 weeks. BW and BP of tail artery were observed biweekly and tetraweekly respectively; serum leptin and fasting insulin （FINS） were detected by enzyme-linked immunoadsordent assay （ELISA） and radioimmunoassay （RIA） respectively. Fasting plasma glucose （FPG） and free fatty acid（FFA） were measured by conventional means. Results BW, abdominal fat weight （AFW）, ratio of abdominal fat weight to body weight （RF/W）, systolic blood pressure （SBP）, diastolic blood pressure （DBP）, serum levels of leptin and FINS, FPG, FFA increased in the HD group after 20 weeks diet intervention （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01 ）. SBP was strongly correlated with BW, leptin, FINS and FFA （P〈0.05）, DBP was correlated with FFA （ r =0.47, P〈0.05）. In addition, leptin was positively correlated with BW, AFW, RF/W, FINS and FFA （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion In this study of high calorie-diet induced rats, the gain of BW is accompanied by increased BP. The obese rats have hyperleptinemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia which may have important effects on the development of obesityrelated hypertension. RF/W is the key factor in which affect serum leptin level.     

The β-amyloid protein induces S100β expression in rat hippocampus through a mechanism that involves IL-1

Objective To explore the effect of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) on S100β expression in rat hippocampus and its mechanisms. Methods At 7 days after bilateral stereotaxis injection of different dose of fibrillar Aβ 25-35 and interluekin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) into the rat CA1 region, the learning and memory abilities of rats were tested with passive avoidance task. Amyloid deposition was detected by using Congo red staining technique. Nissl staining and immunohistochemical techniques were used to analyze the number of neurons, and GFAP and the S100β expression in hippocampal CA1 region , respectively. Results After fibrillar Aβ injection, the step-through latency of rats was significantly shortened compared to that of the control group. The GFAP positive astrocytes were found surrounding amyloid deposition. Neuronal loss occurred in the pyramidal cell layer of CA1 region. The number of S100β positive cells in Aβ-treated group was significantly increased compared with that in the control group. After IL-1ra injection, the number of S100β positive cells was significantly decreased. Conclusion Intrahippocampal injection of Aβ 25-35 could cause similar pathologic changes of Alzheimer's disease. Aβ 25-35 was capable of up-regulating S100β expression in a dose-dependent manner. The injection of IL-1ra could attenuate the effect of Aβ on S100β expression.     

大鼠耳蜗α_(1D)L-型电压门控钙通道组织特异性异构体的剪切方式及其意义

目的　研究α1DL 型电压门控钙通道基因在大鼠耳蜗的剪切 (splicing )方式及其意义。 方法　以显微解剖取材的大鼠耳蜗基底膜为起始材料 ,利用外显子特异性 (exon specific)引物的RT PCR扩增和序列测定确定耳蜗表达的α1DL 型电压门控钙通道的剪切方式。结果　耳蜗表达的α1D钙通道cDNA剪切部位发生在功能域Ⅰ、Ⅱ之间的细胞内连接区和羧基末端。结论　大鼠耳蜗存在α1D钙通道组织特异性的剪切异构体 ,选择性剪切可能是内耳基因表达调控的重要机制