材料特性对转向柱碰撞性能影响的仿真研究

针对驾驶员容易在汽车正面碰撞过程中受到转向系统伤害的问题,以微型轿车的转向柱为研究对象,运用显式动力学有限元理论,建立了转向柱碰撞有限元模型;根据方向盘的碰撞要求,对材料分别为低碳钢、铝合金和高强度钢的转向柱的碰撞性能进行了研究;对比分析了转向柱的变形形态、运动位移、速度和吸能量。结果表明:铝合金和高强度钢在碰撞过程中的变形形态、变形量、碰撞时间以及吸能能力等方面均优于低碳钢,说明通过提高材料强度的方式改善转向柱的碰撞性能是可行的。研究成果为汽车转向柱的设计和碰撞性能的提高提供了依据。     

城市轨道交通基础设施管理系统的设计与实现

针对轨道交通基础设施管理的现状和业务需求,提出系统建设的必要性,详细分析了系统的体系结构和功能结构,介绍了在J2EE平台下Hibernate的性能优化和MapXtreme服务器应用等关键技术.测试表明,系统设计合理,操作方便,克服了传统管理方法的局限,具有良好的可靠性、实用性和系统稳定性.     

基于XML的北京轨道交通信息交换平台研究

本文针对目前北京轨道交通各信息系统之间相互独立,数据资源共享困难的“信息孤岛”问题,提出了一种以XML作为中间交换格式,利用JMS作为消息通信工具的异构数据交换模型,最大限度地实现了应用系统接入交换平台的灵活性以及平台和应用系统的松耦合,对应用系统做到最小的侵入性.     

室内干放站远程监控系统的研究

室内分布系统主要以干线放大器为主,实现室内无线信号的覆盖与放大,是无线通信中的必要组成部分,鉴于目前干放站设备分布广泛、数量庞大,且无针对性的监控系统投入使用的问题,本文对其进行了远程监控系统的研究,探讨其软硬件结构、通信与相关规范,并提出系统安全与维护的一些建议.     

硬岩中塔柱式车站合理埋深及结构净距研究

我国地铁在北京、上海以及广州等地以砂土松散地层为主,地铁车站暗挖施工主要采用复合式衬砌结构型式。对于在中-微风化硬岩中修建地铁车站,如何充分利用围岩本身条件,因地制宜十分必要。在不同围岩条件下,对不同埋深、结构净距车站选择合适的支护结构（如锚喷支护）型式,不仅可节约成本,还可节省工期。结合青岛地铁3号线硬岩特点,采用有限差分数值软件,研究在不同埋深以及不同结构净距条件下,地铁车站开挖过程中围岩状态以及塑性区分布规律,结合三维数值模型进行节点检验,提出硬岩中地铁塔柱式车站采用不同支护结构型式的合理埋深和结构净距建议值。     

基于有限元的复合结构气囊隔振器静态特性研究

为进一步降低气囊隔振器垂向和横向刚度,减小其横垂刚度比,提高隔振效果,在气囊下端串联弹性元件形成复合结构气囊隔振器.建立有限元模型对其气压-载荷、垂向静刚度、横向静刚度等静态特性进行研究.为提高分析准确性,用三维实体单元模拟气囊囊壁,并对模型进行优化处理.生产样机进行试验验证,试验结果与有限元结果误差较小,表明该建模方...     

TDOA Passive Location Based on Cuckoo Search Algorithm

This paper formulates a new framework to estimate the target position by adopting cuckoo search(CS)positioning algorithm. Addressing the nonlinear optimization problem is a crucial spot in the location system of time difference of arrival(TDOA). With the application of the Levy flight mechanism, the preferential selection mechanism and the elimination mechanism, the proposed approach prevents positioning results from falling into local optimum. These intelligent mechanisms are useful to ensure the population diversity and improve the convergence speed. Simulation results demonstrate that the cuckoo localization algorithm has higher locating precision and better performance than the conventional methods. Compared with particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm and Newton iteration algorithm, the proposed method can obtain the Cram′er-Rao lower bound(CRLB) and quickly achieve the global optimal solutions.     

Adaptive Sliding-Mode Tracking Control for an Uncertain Nonlinear SISO Servo System with a Disturbance Observer

An adaptive sliding mode controller with a disturbance observer (ASMC-DO) is proposed for the control of a single-input and single-output (SISO) servo system which has uncertain parameters, nonlinear friction, disturbance and input saturation. It is difficult to choose the suitable value of the parameters. The newly designed adaptive method is used to reduce the effects of system time-varying parameters, such as the moment of inertia and the damp coefficient. The robustness of object is improved. A DO is selected to approximate the compound disturbance and to render the estimate error convergent in finite time. The stability and the convergence of the closed-loop system are proved by using the Lyapunov theory. Experimental results show that the proposed ASMC-DO can better satisfy the influence of variable parameters and external disturbance to the control precision of the SISO servo system than other two controllers. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is showed. The control input stability and robust performances of the input saturation system are enhanced and the chattering is reduced.     

Adaptive Multi-Objective Optimization of Bionic Shoulder Joint Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

To get the movement mode and driving mechanism similar to human shoulder joint, a six degrees of freedom (DOF) serial-parallel bionic shoulder joint mechanism driven by pneumatic muscle actuators (PMAs) was designed. However, the structural parameters of the shoulder joint will affect various performances of the mechanism. To obtain the optimal structure parameters, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) was used. Besides, the mathematical expressions of indexes of rotation ranges, maximum bearing torque, discrete dexterity and muscle shrinkage of the bionic shoulder joint were established respectively to represent its many-sided characteristics. And the multi-objective optimization problem was transformed into a single-objective optimization problem by using the weighted-sum method. The normalization method and adaptive-weight method were used to determine each optimization index’s weight coefficient; then the particle swarm optimization was used to optimize the integrated objective function of the bionic shoulder joint and the optimal solution was obtained. Compared with the average optimization generations and the optimal target values of many experiments, using adaptive-weight method to adjust weights of integrated objective function is better than using normalization method, which validates superiority of the adaptive-weight method.     

Structural Optimization of Hatch Cover Based on Bi-directional Evolutionary Structure Optimization and Surrogate Model Method

Weight reduction has attracted much attention among ship designers and ship owners. In the present work, based on an improved bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) method and surrogate model method, we propose a hybrid optimization method for the structural design optimization of beam-plate structures, which covers three optimization levels: dimension optimization, topology optimization and section optimization. The objective of the proposed optimization method is to minimize the weight of design object under a group of constraints. The kernel optimization procedure (KOP) uses BESO to obtain the optimal topology from a ground structure. To deal with beam-plate structures, the traditional BESO method is improved by using cubic box as the unit cell instead of solid unit to construct periodic lattice structure. In the first optimization level, a series of ground structures are generated based on different dimensional parameter combinations, the KOP is performed to all the ground structures, the response surface model of optimal objective values and dimension parameters is created, and then the optimal dimension parameters can be obtained. In the second optimization level, the optimal topology is obtained by using the KOP according to the optimal dimension parameters. In the third optimization level, response surface method (RSM) is used to determine the section parameters. The proposed method is applied to a hatch cover structure design. The locations and shapes of all the structural members are determined from an oversized ground structure. The results show that the proposed method leads to a greater weight saving, compared with the original design and genetic algorithm (GA) based optimization results.