高填方路基通道暗桥计算浅析

跨越农村公路的高填方路基通道暗桥的汽车荷载计算和土压力计算较为复杂,较难精确计算。有效宽度法是一种简化计算方法,虽略显保守,但实用性较强,可供类似工程计算参考。     

试论黑龙江垦区制定出台专用公路养护维修资金筹集办法的必要性

详细介绍了垦区专用公路养护建设现状 ,剖析了专用公路养护建设工作严重滞后的原因 ,充分阐述了垦区制定出台专用公路养护维修资金筹集办法的紧迫性和必要性。     

Challenges and Prospects of Fisheries Co-Management under a Marine Extractive Reserve Framework in Northeastern Brazil

In Brazil, Marine Extractive Reserves—MERs (Reservas Extrativistas Marinhas) represent the most significant government-supported effort to protect the common property resources upon which traditional small-scale fishers depend. From an initial small-scale experience in 1992, MERs have expanded countrywide, now encompassing 30 units (9,700 km²) and nearly 60,000 fishers. Despite such escalating interest in the model, there is little research on the effectiveness of MERs. In this article, we discuss relevant parts of the history and examine the current situation of the fisheries co-management initiative in the Marine Extractive Reserve of Corumbau, which was created in 2000 as the first MER to encompass coral reefs and reef fisheries. We describe the Extractive Reserve co-management arrangement and its main policy and legislative challenges. Finally, we discuss the prospects for the use of MERs as management frameworks for traditional small-scale fisheries in Brazil.     

沥青砂浆中油砂比的确定方法

沥青混合料是目前工程领域使用较为广泛的一种路面材料,其配合比是影响其性能和使用状况的一个关键性的指标,所以,对于沥青混合料而言,配合比的确定至关重要。与之类似的沥青砂浆,其配合比应该怎么确定,一直是困难的问题。文章根据现在工程中所使用的沥青混合料的配合比,通过相同骨料表面积包裹相同数量的沥青的原理来计算沥青砂浆的油砂比,旨在类比沥青混合料的配合比计算方法,得出适用于沥青砂浆的配合比计算方法,以服务工程实践。     

Benthic community and food web structure on the continental shelf of the Bay of Biscay (North Eastern Atlantic) revealed by stable isotopes analysis

The North Bay of Biscay continental shelf is a major French demersal fishery, but little was known on the trophic food web of its benthic communities. In order to determine the benthic trophic web, the objectives of this study are to describe the macro- and megafaunal benthic community structure (species richness, abundance and biomass) and to establish the trophic pathways (food sources and trophic levels) by applying carbon and nitrogen stable isotopic analysis to the main benthic and demersal species (invertebrates and fish). Two distinct benthic communities have been identified: a muddy sand community within the central part of the bay, and an outer Bay of Biscay Ditrupa sand community of higher species richness, abundance and biomass than the muddy sand community. Deposit-feeders, suspension feeders and predators, distributed in three main trophic levels, dominate both communities. Large differences in stable carbon ratio values within the primary consumers provide evidence of two different food sources: i) a pelagic food source made up of recent sedimenting particulate organic matter on which zooplankton and suprabenthos feed and ii) a benthic detrital food source supplying deposit feeders and partly benthic suspension feeders. Differences in isotopic signatures were also observed within the upper trophic levels that allowed estimation of the contribution of each food source component to the diet of the upper consumers. Finally, the use of stable isotopic composition together with the species' feeding strategy allow identification of the main differences between the trophic functioning of the two benthic communities and highlight the importance of the role of detrital pathways in the carbon cycling within the continental shelf benthic trophic web.     

盘式制动器性能试验台模拟机的研制

对盘式制动器工作原理及试验原理进行了研究，研制开发出了盘式制动器性能试验台模拟机。介绍了模拟机主机部分的设计，实现飞轮组的多片组合，设计出驱动制动系统和单片机测试系统，以保证系统的模拟精度。     

基于鳍片式热电模组的船舶柴油机废气余热利用及其影响因素分析

摘 要：设计了一种鳍片式热电转换模组,并将其应用在船舶柴油机废气余热回收系统中,通过理论和实验,分析鳍片式热电转换系统的影响因素。结果表明：当柴油机负荷为75%,热电晶片总数为1428,排气温度550K 时,设计的鳍片式热电模组发电功率为6.72kW,热电转换效率可达5.42%。排气温度、冷却水温度以及柴油机负荷都会影响热电转换系统性能。随着柴油机负荷的提高,热电转换系统发电功率和转换效率也随之增大,但负荷在75%之前增大的幅度大于从75%~100%的负荷。热电模组鳍片数量会影响转换系统的热端温度和传热量,在条件允许范围内,可通过增加鳍片数目,提高废热回收效率。     

自升式风电平台冲桩系统设计与研究

冲桩系统是自升式风电平台关键的辅助系统。该文介绍了自升式风电平台冲桩系统,列举了目前常见的几种冲桩系统配置方案,对各种方案进行了对比,并通过冲桩系统在实际平台上的第一手应用数据,得出了在特定海床土质情况下,高压水冲桩系统具有较好冲桩效果的结论。结论对最新一代自升式风电平台冲桩系统的设计有着重要的指导意义,对今后自升式风电平台冲桩系统的设计也提供了思路。     

应用局域波对声发射信号监测提取

介绍了局域波的基本原理,分析了声发射信号的特点和声发射信号检测系统,提出了局域波分解特征量提取技术。通过在钢管裂纹声发射的一个实际信号中的应用,验证了局域波特征量提取的有效性。