基于FLAC软件模拟强夯加固吹填砂地基

基于港区陆域吹填项目,采用FLAC软件建立三维模型,模拟了不同夯能、夯击次数对强夯效果的影响,对强夯前后杨氏模量的变化进行了分析研究。结果表明,表层吹填砂厚度和下卧软土层分布对夯能的大小起着决定作用。对于下卧松散砂层,可适当加大夯击能量和夯击次数(7~8击),增加其处理深度和效果;而对于下卧软黏土层,可以适当减小夯击能量并增加夯击次数,以提高加固效果。夯击之后,表层吹填砂的杨氏模量有较大的提高,从原来的10 MPa提高到20~40 MPa。     

航海院校学生资助体系运行效用的研究

本文以问卷调查法研究航海院校学生资助体系运行效用，结果表明的师生的满意度较高，该体系较好地实现了奖优助困教育公平的目的．但是，还要加强贫困生的鉴定工作和后续的监督管理．     

压密注浆在市政道路高填方路基处理设计中的应用探析

某市北环路工程处于平原地区,地质条件相对较好,有利于工程建设,但由于是新城区,分布有较多沟塘。该工程为水泥混凝土路面,属于刚性路面,对路基的不均匀沉降较为敏感,处理不好这些沟塘,就会产生不均匀沉降,影响道路的使用效果和寿命。压密注浆工艺近年来在建设工程领域应用较广,但还没有完整的理论体系,在公路和市政工程中的应用目前也是处在探索阶段。该工程通过方案比选最终采用了压密注浆工艺对高填方路基进行了加固处理,取得了良好的效果。     

基于信息熵的频谱感知方法

频谱感知是认知无线电的关键技术之一。讨论了一种利用信息熵的频谱感知方法,并以IEEE 802.22的一种主用户信号对算法性能进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明这种方法能够克服噪声功率不确定性的影响,而且对信息熵估计时的参数选择不敏感,在低信噪比下能够获得较好的检测性能。     

软土地层盾尾注浆压力引起的地面隆起分析

目前已有盾尾注浆压力引起地面隆起的研究均假定盾尾注浆压力均匀分布,这与实际工程中盾尾注浆压力上小下大的形式不符。为更准确预测盾尾注浆压力引起的地面变形,在现有均匀注浆压力引起地面隆起分析的基础上,考虑软土地层盾构隧道施工中盾尾注浆压力上小下大的分布形式,将盾尾注浆对地层的压力效应视为半无限土体中柱形孔的扩张过程,利用镜像法和Mindlin解,推导出软土地层盾尾注浆压力引起的地面隆起计算公式,并通过工程实例,将本文解答、叶飞解答、林存刚经验公式解答、Vesic解答与数值解进行对比分析。结果表明:盾尾注浆压力引起的地面隆起横向曲线总体上呈高斯分布。在预测软土地层地面沉降时,忽视盾尾注浆压力引起的地面隆起是不合理的;用推导出的公式计算上小下大分布形式下盾尾注浆压力引起的地面沉降是可行的,Vesic公式和林存刚经验公式在应用时需要根据具体工程进行相应修正。     

Development of knowledge based body structure concept design model

The purpose of this study is to propose a concept design process for an automotive body structure using technical information on the major joints and members of vehicles. First, in order to collect the technical information on major joints and members, 17 vehicles were selected using benchmark data. The collected technical information for the selected vehicles was the cross sectional shapes of each joint and member which were used for the analysis of joint stiffness, crashworthiness and static stiffness of the member to make a database along with cross section properties. This study applied a ‘What If Study’ technique to perform a concept design of an automotive body using the analyzed information and selected cross section meeting the design objectives. The criteria for the selection of the cross section were defined by subdividing the defined design objectives of an automotive body structure and constraints into members and joints. In order to configure an analysis model of an automotive body structure using the selected cross section, a shape parametric model was used and static stiffness, dynamic stiffness and crashworthiness were assessed to evaluate the configured automotive body structure. The evaluation result showed that the crashworthiness and static/dynamic stiffness were improved compared to an existing body structure. In addition, the weight of the body structure was reduced. Through this study, the process that can rapidly and effectively derive and evaluate the concept design of an automotive body structure was defined. It is expected that, henceforth, this process will be helpful for the study of automotive body structures.     

Nanoparticle emission characteristics and reduction strategies by boost pressure control and injection strategies in a passenger diesel engine

This research attempted to analyze nanoparticles and other harmful exhaust emissions in accordance with injection strategies and air-fuel ratio (AFR) changes for small diesel engines. The emission characteristics were analyzed in the medium-speed condition, which is the main driving range of a diesel engine. In the case of particulate matter (PM), the number of particles was measured, analyzed, and compared to identify the correlation and emission characteristics of nanoparticles by using a dilution device and condensation particle counter (CPC), which are international standards for particle measurement recommended by the Particulate Measurement Programme (PMP). The engine torque tended to be reduced as pilot injections were added, and the torque was increased by the increased boost pressure, but reduced by the exhaust pressure increase in a part of the low-load range. The number of nanoparticles was not influenced greatly by the change in AFR, but the reduction effect on the PM weight was great depending on the boost pressure increase. In addition, the number of nanoparticles tended to increase as the fuel injection timing became closer to TDC in all conditions, and its difference became larger with an increase in AFR. In addition, in the case of the pilot injection, nanoparticle emission showed similar characteristics depending on the main injection timing, but it was increased by advanced injection timing when performing the main injection only, and the number of the nanoparticles increased as pilot injections were added. Last, the optimal conditions for EMS calibration were analyzed by selecting the conditions of torque reduction and NOx increase within 5 % from all of the engine operating conditions; optimized conditions are presented.     

大断面异形盾构隧道弯矩传递系数原型加载试验研究

由于异形盾构隧道特殊的结构断面型式,管片设计暂无相关规范可循,故基于原型三环管片力学加载试验对异形盾构管片环向接头弯矩传递系数进行研究,研究结果表明:1)随埋深增加,异形盾构管片结构整体刚度提升,但由于各接头刚度与相邻管片结构刚度比随埋深增加变化规律不一致,异形盾构管片接头弯矩传递能力呈部分减弱部分增强的现象;2)同埋深条件下,随着侧压力系数的增加,除右拱腰处接头外,其余接头弯矩传递能力随着接头刚度与相邻管片结构刚度比的增大而逐渐增强;3)随着埋深增加,各接头弯矩传递能力对侧压力系数的敏感程度逐渐减弱;4)极限破坏后,异形盾构管片内外弧面裂缝的分布规律证明了明显的弯矩传递现象。     

提高车用发动机活塞环摩擦学性能的试验研究

制备了直接离子渗氮环与超声滚压加工-离子渗氮环两类摩擦学试样。利用电子显微镜、硬度计、X射线衍射仪和能谱仪,对表面改性层进行了表征,分析了超声滚压预处理对316L不锈钢活塞环离子渗氮行为的影响;在润滑油条件下,使用往复式摩擦磨损试验机,对比考察了直接渗氮环和超声滚压-渗氮环的摩擦学性能。结果表明,超声滚压-渗氮环相对于直接渗氮环渗氮层的氮含量增加了2.9倍,显微硬度提高了1.1倍,摩擦因数降低了0.04,耐磨性提高了2.8倍。发动机台架试验表明,超声滚压-渗氮环与硼铸铁氮化气缸套的匹配性最好。     

基于GPS载波相位信号确定运动体姿态的关键技术

应用GPS载波相位信号确定运动体姿态,针对二维两天线系统情况,设计了姿态测量系统的硬件结构及算法流程框图,文章介绍了GPS姿态测量的关键技术：GPS姿态观测方程、整周模糊度的解算、误差的消除。从系统设计角度证明了技术的可行性。